Asunto(s)
Virus de la Influenza A/inmunología , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/prevención & control , Adyuvantes Inmunológicos , Administración Intranasal , Administración Sublingual , Animales , Antivirales/uso terapéutico , Aves , Canadá , Farmacorresistencia Viral , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Salud Global , Humanos , Virus de la Influenza A/efectos de los fármacos , Vacunas contra la Influenza/administración & dosificación , Vacunas contra la Influenza/inmunología , Vacunas contra la Influenza/normas , Gripe Aviar/prevención & control , Gripe Humana/diagnóstico , Gripe Humana/tratamiento farmacológico , Gripe Humana/prevención & control , Inyecciones Intradérmicas , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/tratamiento farmacológico , Vacunación , Vacunas Sintéticas/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Materials on the characterization of the vaccine Grippol, indications for its use and the results of mass use are presented. Analysis of the morbidity level in influenza and acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) among the vaccinated persons are indicative of considerably decreased level. The coefficient of the epidemiological effectiveness of Grippol in the immunization of children has proved to be 75-95%. The conclusion has been made that the vaccine Grippol is sufficiently effective and safe for use by Russian public health service.
Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra la Influenza , Gripe Humana/prevención & control , Vacunación , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , Vacunas contra la Influenza/administración & dosificación , Vacunas contra la Influenza/economía , Vacunas contra la Influenza/inmunología , Gripe Humana/epidemiología , Gripe Humana/inmunología , Federación de Rusia/epidemiología , Vacunación/economíaRESUMEN
Vaccine "Grippol"--has been developed at the State Research Center--Institute of Immunology. The preparation belongs to new generation vaccines and is a trivalent polymer-subunit vaccine containing the sterile conjugate of influenza virus surface proteins, types A and B, bound with copolymer polyoxidonium. The administration of "Grippol" to children of school age (6-18 years) demonstrated low reactogenicity of the vaccine, its safety and sufficient prophylactic effectiveness. During observations on total morbidity (with the exception of influenza and acute respiratory diseases) no side effects produced by "Grippol" were registered. At the same time the fact that the morbidity rate of upper respiratory tract disease in the group of children immunized with the vaccine decreased in comparison with the control group (by 2.4 times) cannot be disregarded.
Asunto(s)
Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/efectos adversos , Virus de la Influenza A/inmunología , Virus de la Influenza B/inmunología , Vacunas contra la Influenza/efectos adversos , Gripe Humana/prevención & control , Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/administración & dosificación , Adolescente , Análisis de Varianza , Niño , Humanos , Vacunas contra la Influenza/administración & dosificación , Vacunas contra la Influenza/inmunología , SeguridadRESUMEN
Influenza polymer-subunit vaccine "Grippol", made up of the sterile conjugate of surface proteins of influenza viruses, groups A and B, with polyoxidonium (copolymer), was obtained at the State Scientific Centre of Research Institute of Immunology. As the result of our investigations, the coefficient of prophylactic effectiveness of vaccine "Grippol" was found to be 71%; in the presence of the 50% immune stratum in the group the coefficient of antiepidemic protection was found to be 66.4%. At the same time, cases of influenza and acute respiratory diseases were shown to take a milder form in persons immunized with vaccine "Grippol" than in the group of nonimmunized subjects. The results of this investigation did not show any side effects caused by the vaccine.
Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra la Influenza/efectos adversos , Gripe Humana/prevención & control , Adolescente , Adulto , Brotes de Enfermedades , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Humanos , Control de Infecciones , Gripe Humana/epidemiología , Masculino , Federación de Rusia/epidemiología , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Virus de la Influenza A/inmunología , Virus de la Influenza B/inmunología , Vacunas contra la Influenza/inmunología , Gripe Humana/prevención & control , Personal Militar , Adolescente , Adulto , Evaluación de Medicamentos , Humanos , Inmunización , Vacunas contra la Influenza/efectos adversos , Gripe Humana/epidemiología , Federación de Rusia/epidemiología , Estaciones del Año , Vacunas Combinadas/efectos adversos , Vacunas Combinadas/inmunología , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/efectos adversos , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/inmunologíaAsunto(s)
Virus de la Influenza A/inmunología , Virus de la Influenza B/inmunología , Vacunas contra la Influenza/inmunología , Gripe Humana/prevención & control , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Vacunas contra la Influenza/efectos adversos , Vacunas Combinadas/efectos adversos , Vacunas Combinadas/inmunología , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/efectos adversos , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/inmunologíaRESUMEN
CBA mice served as experimental tuberculosis model to study protective, immunomodulating and toxico-allergic properties of two drugs including cytoplasma and cell walls of BCG mycobacteria as well as of synthetic adjuvant polyoxidonium. Doses and schemes are presented developed for experimental tuberculosis treatment with cytoplasm and not causing toxico-allergic reactions in mice. The specific immunomodulator of cytoplasm, polyoxidonium, proved effective therapeutic modality in experimental mouse tuberculosis.
Asunto(s)
Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , Mycobacterium bovis/inmunología , Tuberculosis/inmunología , Tuberculosis/terapia , Animales , Pared Celular/inmunología , Citoplasma/inmunología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos CBA , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/inmunología , Tuberculina/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Direct dependence was established between the presence of autoantibodies reacting with the basal layer of the skin epithelium (BLSE) and the high level of antibodies to the streptococcal group A polysaccharide (APS). By the primary active rheumatic fever (PARF) autoantibodies to the BLSE are revealed. By the recurrent active rheumatic fever (RARF) and in the control sera, autoantibodies reacting with the BLES, apparently, are directed to the rhamnose determinants of APS. These data confirm: different level of antibodies to the GS and to the rhamnose determinants of APS by PARF, RARF and in the control sera; the experiments of the autoantibody inhibition, reacting with the BLSE by the APS or the polysaccharide of streptococci A-variant, containing only the rhamnose determinants.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/análisis , Autoanticuerpos/análisis , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/inmunología , Ramnosa/inmunología , Piel/inmunología , Streptococcus pyogenes/inmunología , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fiebre Reumática/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Immunization with the polypeptide fragment of group A streptococcal protein M conjugated with the copolymer of acrylic acid and N-vinylpyrrolidone in complete Freund's adjuvant has been found to lead to a sharp increase in the level of antibodies to the type-specific determinants of protein M, detected in the enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The possibility of the application of such sera to preliminary typing of streptococci in EIA with the use of whole microbial cells as antigens has been shown. The data on high activity of the sera thus obtained in the bactericidal test with streptococci of the homologous type are presented. Recommendations on the use of sera obtained by the above method for highly precise typing of the virulent cultures of group A streptococci in the bactericidal test are given.
Asunto(s)
Resinas Acrílicas/farmacología , Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/farmacología , Antígenos Bacterianos/inmunología , Proteínas de la Membrana Bacteriana Externa , Proteínas Bacterianas/inmunología , Proteínas Portadoras , Povidona/análogos & derivados , Streptococcus pyogenes/inmunología , Animales , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/efectos de los fármacos , Especificidad de Anticuerpos/efectos de los fármacos , Especificidad de Anticuerpos/inmunología , Antígenos Bacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Proteínas Bacterianas/aislamiento & purificación , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Epítopos/inmunología , Adyuvante de Freund/farmacología , Inmunización , Péptidos/inmunología , Péptidos/aislamiento & purificación , Povidona/farmacología , ConejosRESUMEN
In the sera of patients with recurrent rheumocarditis, and especially in cases of primary rheumatism, the level of antibodies to group A streptococcal polysaccharide (A-PS) has been found, according to the results of the enzyme immunoassay, to be considerably higher than in the sera of healthy donors. The level of antibodies to rhamnose determinants (RD) of A-PS has been determined by the inhibition of the immunoenzyme reaction with A-PS under the influence of a variant of group A streptococcus and rhamnose disaccharides with the bonds alpha 1-2 and alpha 1-3. In patients with recurrent rheumocarditis the level of antibodies to A-PS has been shown to be considerably higher than in healthy donors having these antibodies. In acute primary rheumatism a high level of antibodies to A-PS has been detected only in a few cases, and at the same time the prevalence of antibodies to the specific RD of A-PS, bound with beta-N-acetylglucosamine, is observed. In the sera of patients with recurrent rheumocarditis and donors having a high content of antibodies to the rhamnose site of A-PS antibodies, seemingly active against at least two RD, have been detected. In acute primary rheumatism an insignificant amount of antibodies to the rhamnose site of A-PS may probably cause the autoimmune process accompanying rheumatism. This suggestion is substantiated by the previously established capacity of these antibodies for inducing the suppression of cytotoxic cell reactions to microbial antigens.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Donantes de Sangre , Epítopos/inmunología , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/inmunología , Ramnosa/inmunología , Enfermedades Reumáticas/inmunología , Streptococcus pyogenes/inmunología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia , Cardiopatía Reumática/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Immunization of animals with a polypeptide fragment of the streptococcal group A M protein (pep M) conjugated with a synthetic copolymer caused a significant increase in the titres of bactericidal type-specific antibodies. In some cases bactericidal antibodies to streptococci of other types were also induced.
Asunto(s)
Resinas Acrílicas/química , Proteínas de la Membrana Bacteriana Externa , Proteínas Bacterianas/inmunología , Proteínas Portadoras , Inmunotoxinas/inmunología , Fragmentos de Péptidos/inmunología , Povidona/análogos & derivados , Streptococcus pyogenes/inmunología , Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/química , Animales , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/inmunología , Antígenos Bacterianos/inmunología , Sueros Inmunes/análisis , Sueros Inmunes/biosíntesis , Povidona/química , ConejosAsunto(s)
Resinas Acrílicas/inmunología , Alérgenos/inmunología , Ovalbúmina/inmunología , Povidona/análogos & derivados , Animales , Femenino , Inmunización/métodos , Inmunoglobulina E/análisis , Inmunoglobulina G/análisis , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos CBA , Anafilaxis Cutánea Pasiva/efectos de los fármacos , Povidona/inmunología , ConejosRESUMEN
Therapeutic properties of N-oxide poly-1,2-ethylene piperidine (NO-PEP) as well as of free radical reaction inhibitors, bound with polymers by means of complex and covalent linkages, were studied in experimental silicosis. The preparations studied were used depending on the step of silicosis development as well as on the type of impairment in lipid peroxidation and the antioxidative activity (AOA) of lung lipids. The data obtained are discussed in relation to properties of the preparations used and to alterations in lipid peroxidation and AOA reactions found in silicosis. Use of immobilized physiologically active substances enabled to establish some principles in development of antisilicosis drugs.
Asunto(s)
Peróxidos Lipídicos/metabolismo , Pulmón/metabolismo , Piperidinas/farmacología , Silicosis/metabolismo , Animales , Fluorescencia , Radicales Libres , Masculino , Piperidinas/uso terapéutico , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas , Silicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Factores de TiempoAsunto(s)
Óxidos N-Cíclicos/farmacología , Lípidos de la Membrana/farmacología , Fosfolípidos/farmacología , Dióxido de Silicio/farmacología , Interacciones Farmacológicas , Espectroscopía de Resonancia por Spin del Electrón , Técnicas In Vitro , Liposomas/farmacología , Fosfatidilcolinas/farmacología , Silicosis/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
A high antisilicotic activity of a new polymeric compound--polyethylene-piperazine N-oxide (molecular mass 5000--8000, degree of exidation--80 per cent), synthetized on the basis of aliphatic amine, was shown as against polyvinylpyridine-N-oxide in experiments conducted on albino rats with silicosis.