[Epidemiological and economic effectiveness of immunization of adult and children against influenza and acute respiratory viral infections with the vaccine Grippol]. / Epidemiologicheskaia i ékonomicheskaia éffektivnost' immunizatsii vaktsinoi Grippol pri grippe i ORVI u vzroslykh i detei.

Materials on the characterization of the vaccine Grippol, indications for its use and the results of mass use are presented. Analysis of the morbidity level in influenza and acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) among the vaccinated persons are indicative of considerably decreased level. The coefficient of the epidemiological effectiveness of Grippol in the immunization of children has proved to be 75-95%. The conclusion has been made that the vaccine Grippol is sufficiently effective and safe for use by Russian public health service.

[The evaluation of the reactogenicity, harmlessness and prophylactic efficacy of Grippol trivalent polymer-subunit influenza vaccine administered to schoolchildren]. / Otsenka reaktogennosti, bezvrednosti i profilakticheskoi éffektivnosti grippoznoi trivalentnoi polimer-sub''edinichnoi vaktsiny "Grippol" pri vvedenii detiam shkol'nogo vozrasta.

Vaccine "Grippol"--has been developed at the State Research Center--Institute of Immunology. The preparation belongs to new generation vaccines and is a trivalent polymer-subunit vaccine containing the sterile conjugate of influenza virus surface proteins, types A and B, bound with copolymer polyoxidonium. The administration of "Grippol" to children of school age (6-18 years) demonstrated low reactogenicity of the vaccine, its safety and sufficient prophylactic effectiveness. During observations on total morbidity (with the exception of influenza and acute respiratory diseases) no side effects produced by "Grippol" were registered. At the same time the fact that the morbidity rate of upper respiratory tract disease in the group of children immunized with the vaccine decreased in comparison with the control group (by 2.4 times) cannot be disregarded.

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of influenza trivalent polymer subunit vaccine "Grippol"]. / Otsenka éffektivnosti grippoznoi trivalentnoi polimer-sub"edinichnoi vaktsiny "grippol".

Influenza polymer-subunit vaccine "Grippol", made up of the sterile conjugate of surface proteins of influenza viruses, groups A and B, with polyoxidonium (copolymer), was obtained at the State Scientific Centre of Research Institute of Immunology. As the result of our investigations, the coefficient of prophylactic effectiveness of vaccine "Grippol" was found to be 71%; in the presence of the 50% immune stratum in the group the coefficient of antiepidemic protection was found to be 66.4%. At the same time, cases of influenza and acute respiratory diseases were shown to take a milder form in persons immunized with vaccine "Grippol" than in the group of nonimmunized subjects. The results of this investigation did not show any side effects caused by the vaccine.

[Study of immunobiological properties of specific immunomodulators of the adjuvant type in experimental tuberculosis]. / Izuchenie immunobiologicheskikh svoistv spetsificheskikh immunomoduliatorov ad'iuvantnogo tipa pri éksperimental'nom tuberkuleze.

CBA mice served as experimental tuberculosis model to study protective, immunomodulating and toxico-allergic properties of two drugs including cytoplasma and cell walls of BCG mycobacteria as well as of synthetic adjuvant polyoxidonium. Doses and schemes are presented developed for experimental tuberculosis treatment with cytoplasm and not causing toxico-allergic reactions in mice. The specific immunomodulator of cytoplasm, polyoxidonium, proved effective therapeutic modality in experimental mouse tuberculosis.

[Level of antibodies to different determinants of Streptococcus group A polysaccharide and autoantibodies to basal layer of the skin epithelium in rheumatism]. / Uroven' antitel k razlichnym determinantam polisakharida streptokokka gruppy A i autoantitela k bazal'nomu sloiu épiteliia kozhi pri revmatizme.

Direct dependence was established between the presence of autoantibodies reacting with the basal layer of the skin epithelium (BLSE) and the high level of antibodies to the streptococcal group A polysaccharide (APS). By the primary active rheumatic fever (PARF) autoantibodies to the BLSE are revealed. By the recurrent active rheumatic fever (RARF) and in the control sera, autoantibodies reacting with the BLES, apparently, are directed to the rhamnose determinants of APS. These data confirm: different level of antibodies to the GS and to the rhamnose determinants of APS by PARF, RARF and in the control sera; the experiments of the autoantibody inhibition, reacting with the BLSE by the APS or the polysaccharide of streptococci A-variant, containing only the rhamnose determinants.

[The enhancement of the immunogenicity of streptococcal group-A M protein by conjugation with a synthetic polyelectrolyte]. / Povyshenie immunogennosti M-belka streptokokkov gruppy A pri kon''iugatsii s sinteticheskim poliélektrolitom.

Immunization with the polypeptide fragment of group A streptococcal protein M conjugated with the copolymer of acrylic acid and N-vinylpyrrolidone in complete Freund's adjuvant has been found to lead to a sharp increase in the level of antibodies to the type-specific determinants of protein M, detected in the enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The possibility of the application of such sera to preliminary typing of streptococci in EIA with the use of whole microbial cells as antigens has been shown. The data on high activity of the sera thus obtained in the bactericidal test with streptococci of the homologous type are presented. Recommendations on the use of sera obtained by the above method for highly precise typing of the virulent cultures of group A streptococci in the bactericidal test are given.

[Antibodies to the rhamnose determinants of the polysaccharide of streptococci group A in the sera of rheumatism patients and donors]. / Antitela k ramnoznym determinantam polisakharida streptokokkov gruppy A v syvorotkakh bol'nykh revmatizmom i donorov.

In the sera of patients with recurrent rheumocarditis, and especially in cases of primary rheumatism, the level of antibodies to group A streptococcal polysaccharide (A-PS) has been found, according to the results of the enzyme immunoassay, to be considerably higher than in the sera of healthy donors. The level of antibodies to rhamnose determinants (RD) of A-PS has been determined by the inhibition of the immunoenzyme reaction with A-PS under the influence of a variant of group A streptococcus and rhamnose disaccharides with the bonds alpha 1-2 and alpha 1-3. In patients with recurrent rheumocarditis the level of antibodies to A-PS has been shown to be considerably higher than in healthy donors having these antibodies. In acute primary rheumatism a high level of antibodies to A-PS has been detected only in a few cases, and at the same time the prevalence of antibodies to the specific RD of A-PS, bound with beta-N-acetylglucosamine, is observed. In the sera of patients with recurrent rheumocarditis and donors having a high content of antibodies to the rhamnose site of A-PS antibodies, seemingly active against at least two RD, have been detected. In acute primary rheumatism an insignificant amount of antibodies to the rhamnose site of A-PS may probably cause the autoimmune process accompanying rheumatism. This suggestion is substantiated by the previously established capacity of these antibodies for inducing the suppression of cytotoxic cell reactions to microbial antigens.

Immunogenicity of a polypeptide fragment of the streptococcal group A M protein conjugated with an acrylic acid N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer.

Immunization of animals with a polypeptide fragment of the streptococcal group A M protein (pep M) conjugated with a synthetic copolymer caused a significant increase in the titres of bactericidal type-specific antibodies. In some cases bactericidal antibodies to streptococci of other types were also induced.

[Effect of synthetic regulators of radical reactions on the course of experimental silicosis]. / Vliianie sinteticheskikh reguliatorov radikal'nykh reaktsii na techenie éksperimental'nogo silikoza.

Therapeutic properties of N-oxide poly-1,2-ethylene piperidine (NO-PEP) as well as of free radical reaction inhibitors, bound with polymers by means of complex and covalent linkages, were studied in experimental silicosis. The preparations studied were used depending on the step of silicosis development as well as on the type of impairment in lipid peroxidation and the antioxidative activity (AOA) of lung lipids. The data obtained are discussed in relation to properties of the preparations used and to alterations in lipid peroxidation and AOA reactions found in silicosis. Use of immobilized physiologically active substances enabled to establish some principles in development of antisilicosis drugs.

[Antisilicotic properties of polyethylene-piperazine N-oxide--a new polymeric compound]. / O protivosilikoticheskikh svoistvakh novogo polimernogo soedineniia N-okisi polietilenpiperazina.

A high antisilicotic activity of a new polymeric compound--polyethylene-piperazine N-oxide (molecular mass 5000--8000, degree of exidation--80 per cent), synthetized on the basis of aliphatic amine, was shown as against polyvinylpyridine-N-oxide in experiments conducted on albino rats with silicosis.