RESUMEN
Two years after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in children (AHUCD) began to be reported worldwide. The novel coronavirus and adenovirus were found in pathogen and antibody tests in AHUCD cases reported by the World Health Organization. Children are not exposed to the viruses that children are generally exposed to owing to COVID-19 infection preventive measures such as isolation and wearing masks; therefore, some researchers have speculated that this disease is related to reduced exposure to pathogens. Some scientists have also speculated that the disease is related to liver injury and adenoviral hepatitis, which are the sequelae of COVID-19. Some evidence also suggests a weak association between the disease and COVID-19 vaccination. Therefore, further research and investigation of the pathogenesis, preventive measures, and early treatment of hepatitis of unknown etiology are required. This study aimed to synthesize available evidence to further elucidate this disease in order to treat and prevent it effectively.
RESUMEN
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for approximately 10-15% of all lung cancers. No significant improvement has been made for patients with SCLC in the past several decades. The main progresses were the thoracic radiation and prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) that improved the patient survival rate. For patients with limited disease and good performance status (PS), concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) followed by PCI should be considered. For extensive disease, the combination of etoposide and platinum-based chemotherapy remains the standard treatment and consolidative thoracic radiotherapy is beneficial for patients who have a significant respond to initial chemotherapy. However, the prognosis still remains poor. Recently, efforts have been focused on molecular targets and immunotherapy. But numerous molecular targets methods have failed to show a significant clinical benefit in patients with SCLC. It is anticipated that further development of research will depend on the on-going trials for molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy which are promising and may improve the outcomes for SCLC in the next decade.
RESUMEN
PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to detect the expression of Sox10 in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and investigate the relationship between its expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of NPC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Tumor specimens (n=105) were retrospectively collected from patients with NPC diagnosed between 2004 and 2005 who presented at Hunan Cancer Hospital. Immunohistochemistry analyses were performed to characterize the expression of Sox10 in NPC. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were employed to evaluate the prognosis of 105 NPC patients. RESULTS: The results showed that Sox10 was markedly overexpressed in human NPC tissues. Analysis of clinicopathological parameters showed that high Sox10 expression was significantly correlated with the clinical stage (P=0.032), T classification (P=0.034), and lymph node metastasis (P=0.03). Cox regression analyses further showed that Sox10 expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (P=0.005). This is the first time Sox10 has shown its importance in predicting NPC progressiveness and survival outcomes. CONCLUSION: Sox10 serves as a potential biomarker for NPC patients. It may hopefully become a novel therapeutic target for NPC patients.
RESUMEN
Nimotuzumab is a blocking monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, little is known about the safety and preliminary efficacy of nimotuzumab combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced NPC patients. A total of 42 patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2013 were enrolled. Our results demonstrated 38 patients had a complete response (90.5%), 4 patients had a partial response (9.5%). And no patients had progressive disease at early treatment response evaluation, giving an ORR of 100%. The 2-year local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and overall survival (OS) were 96.4%, 93.1% and 96.6% respectively. The most common adverse events were mucositis (19 patients), hematology toxicity (14 patients) with 6 and 3 cases of grade 3/4 toxicity respectively. Skin rash was not developed in our 43 patients. Thus, nimotuzumab combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy showed encouraging outcomes in the treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, without accumulation of toxicity and well-tolerated.
