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BACKGROUND: Global temperature is projected to rise continuously under climate change, negatively impacting the growth and yield of winter wheat. Optimizing traditional agricultural measures is necessary to mitigate potential winter wheat yield losses caused by future climate change. This study aims to explore the variations in winter wheat growth and yield on the Loess Plateau of China under future climate change, identify the key meteorological factors affecting winter wheat growth and yield, and analyze the differences in winter wheat yield and root characteristics under different fertilization depths. RESULTS: Meteorological data from 20 General Circulation Models were applied to drive the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer model, simulating the future growth characteristics of winter wheat under various fertilization depths. The Random Forest model was used to determine the relative importance of meteorological factors influencing winter wheat yield, root length density and leaf area index. The results showed that temperature and high emission concentration were primary factors influencing crop yield under future climate change. The temperature increase projected from 2021 to 2100 would be anticipated to shorten the phenology period of winter wheat by 2-16 days and reduce grain yield by 2.9-12.7% compared to the period from 1981 to 2020. Conversely, the root length density and root weight of winter wheat would increase by 1.2-10.9% and 0.2-24.1%, respectively, in the future, and excessive allocation of root system resources was identified as a key factor contributing to the reduction in winter wheat yield. Compared with the shallow fertilization treatment (N5), the deep fertilization treatments (N15 and N25) increased the proportion of roots in the deep soil layer (30-60 cm) by 2.7-10.2%. Because of the improvement in root structure, the decline in winter wheat yield under deep fertilization treatments in the future is expected to be reduced by 1.2% to 6.5%, whereas water use efficiency increases by 1.1% to 2.4% compared to the shallow fertilization treatment. CONCLUSION: The deep fertilization treatment can enhance the root structure of winter wheat and increase the proportion of roots in the deep soil layer, thereby effectively mitigating the decline in winter wheat yield under future climate change. Overall, optimizing fertilization depth effectively addresses the reduced winter wheat yield risks and agricultural production challenges under future climate change. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, and the occurrence and development of CRC are influenced by the molecular biology characteristics of CRC, especially alterations in key signaling pathways. The transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) plays a crucial role in cellular growth, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis, with SMAD4 protein serving as a key transcription factor in the TGF-ß signaling pathway, thus playing a significant role in the onset and progression of CRC. CRC is one of the malignancies with a high mortality rate worldwide. Despite significant research progress in recent years, especially regarding the role of SMAD4, its dual role in the early and late stages of tumor progression has promoted further discussion on its complexity as a therapeutic target, highlighting the urgent need for a deeper analysis of its role in CRC. This review aims to explore the function of SMAD4 protein in CRC and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Neoplasias Colorrectales , Proteína Smad4 , Humanos , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Proteína Smad4/metabolismo , Proteína Smad4/genética , Transducción de Señal , Animales , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión GénicaRESUMEN
CONTEXT AND RESULTS: The structure, electronic and optical properties of single-layer transition metallic chalcogenides ZrX3 (X = S, Se, Te) have been studied by density functional theory. The electron energy dispersion curve shows that ZrX3 has semiconductor properties, in which the conduction band is mainly contributed by the correlated states of the Zr-d orbital, and the valence band is mainly contributed by the correlated states of the X-p orbital. It is found that b-axis and biaxial strain have great influence on the bandgap and the shift of density of states is also large. At the same time, the peak value of density of states increases greatly when biaxial strain is applied. It is of guiding significance for selecting suitable substrates to prepare two-dimensional ZrX3 materials to study their electronic properties. The calculation of optical constants confirms that ZrX3 has strong optical anisotropy. In the visible range, the light absorption efficiency of ZrX3 in the direction of electric field polarization [100] is higher than that in the direction of [010]. The reflectance spectral results show that ZrS3 and ZrSe3 in the [100] directions have the highest reflectance, and ZrTe3 in the [010] direction has the highest reflectance, even in the long electromagnetic radiation range (up to 10 eV), which is of great significance for the construction of visible optical devices. COMPUTATIONAL METHOD: All computations have been carried out based on density functional theory (DFT) as implemented in the CASTEP code. The pseudo-potential is adopted by the norm conserving, and the exchange correlation functional is adopted by the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof in local generalized gradient approximation (GGA).
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The wavenumber nonlinearity leads to blurred reconstructed images in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT). In this work, a wavenumber-linearisation method without calibration devices is presented, based on the fact that the difference between the phases of adjacent peak and valley points is equal to π $\pi $ . The theoretical model is derived, and the efficacy of the method was proven by acquiring SDOCT data from TiO2 phantom and zebrafish. The results exhibit the superior performance of our method. Compared with the linear phase-based method, the resolution could be improved at least a factor of 2. Compared with the polynomial fitting method, the resolution could also be improved by nearly half.
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CONTEXT AND RESULTS : In this paper, the crystal structure, electronic, optical, and mechanical properties of SrVO3 have been systematically studied by first-principles calculation. The results show that the calculated lattice parameters are in good agreement with the experimental values of X-ray diffraction. The density of states is described in detail in this paper. By analyzing the crystal structure and electronic properties of SrVO3, the magnetic properties of SrVO3 are obtained from the one unpaired electrons of V and the exchange interaction between two V ions. At the same time, a detailed analysis of the optical properties of SrVO3 was conducted, and it was found that it is transparent in the visible light range. Finally, the mechanical properties of SrVO3 are calculated, which can provide some references for future research. COMPUTATIONAL METHOD: In this paper, a first-principles method based on density functional theory (DFT) is reported for PBE-GGA analysis using the plane wave-pseudo potential method in a quantum concentrate packet, U value of 7 eV to V-d and a U value of 2 eV to O-p, Grimme correction by DFT-D method. The k points in the Brillouin region are set to 4 × 4 × 4. The energy convergence criterion for self-consistent field calculation is set at 5.0 × 10-6 eV/atom, and the cutoff energy is 1170 eV. In this paper, the force acting on each atom is not more than 0.01 eV/Å, the maximum stress is not more than 0.02GPa, and the maximum atomic displacement is 5 × 10-4 Å.
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Background: Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) stents have broad application prospects in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases due to their excellent mechanical properties and biodegradability. However, foreign body reactions caused by stent implantation remain a bottleneck that limits the clinical application of PLLA stents. To solve this problem, the biocompatibility of PLLA stents must be urgently improved. Albumin, the most abundant inert protein in the blood, possesses the ability to modify the surface of biomaterials, mitigating foreign body reactions-a phenomenon described as the "stealth effect". In recent years, a strategy based on albumin camouflage has become a focal point in nanomedicine delivery and tissue engineering research. Therefore, albumin surface modification is anticipated to enhance the surface biological characteristics required for vascular stents. However, the therapeutic applicability of this modification has not been fully explored. Methods: Herein, a bionic albumin (PDA-BSA) coating was constructed on the surface of PLLA by a mussel-inspired surface modification technique using polydopamine (PDA) to enhance the immobilization of bovine serum albumin (BSA). Results: Surface characterization revealed that the PDA-BSA coating was successfully constructed on the surface of PLLA materials, significantly improving their hydrophilicity. Furthermore, in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that this PDA-BSA coating enhanced the anticoagulant properties and pro-endothelialization effects of the PLLA material surface while inhibiting the inflammatory response and neointimal hyperplasia at the implantation site. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the PDA-BSA coating provides a multifunctional biointerface for PLLA stent materials, markedly improving their biocompatibility. Further research into the diverse applications of this coating in vascular implants is warranted.
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Materiales Biocompatibles Revestidos , Poliésteres , Polímeros , Albúmina Sérica Bovina , Stents , Poliésteres/química , Animales , Albúmina Sérica Bovina/química , Materiales Biocompatibles Revestidos/química , Materiales Biocompatibles Revestidos/farmacología , Polímeros/química , Materiales Biomiméticos/química , Materiales Biomiméticos/farmacología , Indoles/química , Indoles/farmacología , Propiedades de Superficie , Humanos , Ensayo de Materiales , Células Endoteliales de la Vena Umbilical Humana/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the regulatory effect of Fas-L on the repair and regeneration of peripheral extension injury in rats. Methods: This study aimed to explore the effects of Fas-L on apoptosis and axonal regeneration of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells in rat peripheral nerve repair and regeneration by using several relevant experimental techniques from the injured nerve animal model, cell biology, and molecular biology. Results: The expression level of Fas-L in DRG tissues was significantly down-regulated after sciatic nerve injury. Interference with Fas-L can significantly promote the regeneration of DRG neuronal axons and inhibit apoptosis, while the overexpression of Fas-L is contrary to it. Moreover, Fas-L may play a role in the regulation of DRG function and the repair and regeneration of peripheral nerves in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats by affecting several signaling pathways, such as p-AKT/AKT, ß-catenin, and NF-κB. Conclusion: Fas-L may have a certain effect on the repair and regeneration of peripheral nerve injury in SD rats, which may provide an experimental basis and a new theoretical basis for the functional reconstruction of peripheral nerves. Significance statement: The expression level of Fas-L in DRG tissues was significantly down-regulated after sciatic nerve injury. Fas-L can significantly promote the regeneration of DRG neuronal axons and inhibit apoptosis. Fas-L may play a role in the regulation of DRG function and the repair and regeneration of peripheral nerves in SD rats by affecting several signaling pathways, such as p-AKT/AKT, ß-catenin, and NF-κB. Fas-L may have a certain effect on the repair and regeneration of peripheral nerve injury in SD rats, which may provide an experimental basis and a new theoretical basis for the functional reconstruction of peripheral nerves.
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Objective: To predict the risk factors of radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) who received radiotherapy. Methods: From January 2015 to October 2021, 477 ESCC patients were enrolled and were assessed retrospectively. All these patients received radiotherapy for primary lesions or mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes. Clinical efficacy and adverse events (AEs) were observed. Univariate analysis identified clinical and dosimetric factors associated with the development of RP, and multivariate logistic regression analysis identified independent potential risk factors associated with the development of RP. Nomograms were constructed to predict RP based on the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Among the 477 ESCC patients, the incidence of RP was 22.2%, and the incidence of grade 4 or higher RP was 1.5%. Univariate analysis indicated that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary infection, leucopenia, PTV volume, V5, V20, V30 and MLD affected the occurrence of RP. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that COPD (OR:1.821, 95%CI:1.111-2.985; P=0.017), pulmonary infection (OR:2.528, 95%CI:1.530-4.177; P<0.001), higher V20 (OR: 1.129, 95% CI:1.006-1.266; P=0.029) were significant independent predictors of RP in ESCC patients. COPD, pulmonary infection, V20 have been integrated for the RP nomogram. The rate of RP was significantly reduced in the V20<21.45% group. Further analysis indicated that the old age, diabetes, higher V20, and higher MLD were risk factors for grade 4 or higher RP. The area under the curve (AUC) value for V20 was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.567-0.893, P < 0.05). Conclusion: We have determined the risk factors of RP and grade 4 or higher RP in ESCC patients after radiotherapy. MLD, V20, COPD were independent factors for RP. It was necessary to take measures to reduce or avoid the occurrence of RP for patients with these risk factors at the early stage.
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Background: Apatinib has shown outstanding value in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (AGC). However, no biomarkers are available to select AGC patients who will benefit from apatinib. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between p53 and Ki67 expression of and the outcome in AGC patients treated with apatinib. Methods: From December 2015 to December 2020, 92 AGC patients were enrolled and was retrospectively evaluated. They were given apatinib at a daily dose of 500 or 250 mg every 4 weeks to monitor clinical efficacy and adverse events (AEs). Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Expression of p53 and Ki67 was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and correlated with survival. Results: Among 92 evaluable patients, the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 17.4% and 79.3%, respectively, and none of them achieved a CR, 16 achieved a PR (17.4%) (95% CI 9.8%-26.1%). Stable disease (SD) was observed in 57.6% of patients (95% CI 49.2%-69.9%) and PD in 21.7% of patients (95% CI 13.6%-31.3%). The median progression free survival (mPFS) was 122.7 ± 8.2 days, and the median overall survival (mOS) was 203.4 ± 11.9 days. P53 expression was observed in 35 patients (38.0%) and high expression of Ki67 was detected in 34 patients (37.0%). There was a statistically significant inverse relationship between p53 and Ki67 expression (P=0.014). Moreover, p53 was significantly correlated with the OS (P=0.018), but Ki67 had no significant influence on OS. Conclusions: Apatinib showed promising efficiency and was well tolerated as a second-line treatment for AGC patients. AGC patients with p53-negative were likely to benefit from apatinib treatment; however, the expression of Ki67 proteins has no significant impact on the outcome of AGC patients.
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RNA splicing is an essential process involved in many aspects of cell proliferation, survival and differentiation, and given the importance of RNA splicing in gene regulation, alterations in this biological behavior have been associated with many human cancers. BUD13 as an RNA binding protein (RBP) has been sparsely studied in tumors; consequently, there is a compelling need to further investigate the expression profile of BUD13 in human cancers to provide new molecular clues for the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. For this porpuse, we used a series of bioinformatics methods to synthesize the relationship between BUD13 and prognosis, tumor microenvironment (TME), immune infiltration, tumor mutational load (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI), and tried to find the potential biological processes of BUD13 in tumors by GSEA and GSVA. And the association between the expression of BUD13 gene and prognosis was predicted by constructing a nomogram of hepatocellular carcinoma by multifactorial regression model. Results showed tgat in the present study, we found that elevated expression of BUD13 is associated with poorer OS in a numerous cancers, including ACC, KIRC, LGG, LIHC, READ, THYM, and UCS.More importantly, BUD13 expression levels were also significantly correlated with TME. Our results also indicated that BUD13 expression was closely associated with Pyroptosis genes and immune-related genes. Furthermore, BUD13 expression was associated with TMB, MSI and antitumor drug sensitivity in various cancer types. Functional bioinformatics analysis indicated that BUD13 may be involved in multiple signaling pathways and biological processes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Based on BUD13 expression, a risk factor model was found to predict OS in hepatocellular carcinoma. In conclusion, overall this study suggests that BUD13 expression is associated with poor prognosis and may be involved in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, which may be further explored as a potential prognostic marker and new targeted therapy.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Diferenciación Celular , Proliferación Celular , Biología Computacional , Inestabilidad de Microsatélites , Microambiente Tumoral/genética , Proteínas de Unión al ARNRESUMEN
Objective: The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate clinical outcomes in high-risk patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS) resulting from plaque enhancement who underwent balloon dilation or stent implantation. Plaque features were identified based on high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (HRMR-VWI). Methods: A total of 37 patients with sICAS (degree of stenosis ≥70%) were enrolled between January 2018 and March 2022 at a single center. All patients underwent HRMR-VWI and received standard drug treatment after hospital admission. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on whether they underwent interventional treatment (n = 18) or non-interventional treatment (n = 19). The grade of enhancement and enhancement rate (ER) of culprit plaque were evaluated using 3D-HRMR-VWI. The risk of symptom recurrence was compared between the 2 groups during follow-up. Results: There was no statistical difference between the intervention and non-intervention groups in the rate and type of enhancement. Median clinical follow-up time was 17.8 (10.0 to 26.0) months and median follow-up time was 3.6 (3.1 to 6.2) months. In the intervention group, 2 patients had stent restenosis, but no stroke or transient ischemia attacks (TIAs) occurred. In contrast, 1 patient in the non-intervention group had an ischemic stroke and 4 patients had TIAs. The incidence of the primary outcome was lower in the intervention group than in the non-intervention group (0 vs 26.3%; P = .046). Conclusions: High-resolution magnetic resonance intracranial vessel wall imaging (HR MR-IVWI) can be used to identify vulnerable plaque features. It is safe and effective in high-risk patients with sICAS with responsible plaque enhancement to undergo intravascular intervention combined with standard drug therapy. Further studies are needed to analyze the link between plaque enhancement and symptom recurrence in the medication group at baseline.
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Arteriosclerosis Intracraneal , Pacientes , Humanos , Constricción Patológica , Estudios Retrospectivos , Arteriosclerosis Intracraneal/diagnóstico por imagen , Arteriosclerosis Intracraneal/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Arsenic contamination of groundwater harms the health of millions of people, especially As(III), which is extremely toxic and difficult to remediate. Herein, we fabricated a reliable La-Ce binary oxide-anchored carbon framework foam (La-Ce/CFF) adsorbent for As(III) deep removal. Its open 3D macroporous structure ensures fast adsorption kinetic. The incorporation of an appropriate amount of La could enhance the affinity of La-Ce/CFF for As(III). The adsorption capacity of La-Ce10/CFF reached 40.01 mg/g. It could purify the As(III) concentrations to drinking standard level (< 10 µg/L) over the pH ranges 3-10. It also possessed excellent anti-interference ability to the interfering ions. In addition, it worked reliably in the simulated As(III)-contaminated groundwater and river water. La-Ce10/CFF could easily apply in fixed-bed, and La-Ce10/CFF (1 g) packed column could purify 4580 BV (36.0 L) of As(III)-contaminated groundwater. When further considering the excellent reusability of La-Ce10/CFF, it is a promising and reliable adsorbent for As(III) deep remediation.
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Rational synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) via structural and morphology engineering are fundamental for enhanced heavy metal removal. Beyond tuning intrinsic characteristics, it is essential to address inseparability and instability issues of MOFs to fulfill the practical applications. Herein, we successfully constructed macroscopic zeolitic imidazole frameworks-functionalized melamine sponge (MS@ZIFx, x represents the ultrasonication duration) using a facile dip-coating method. By varying ultrasonication duration, the morphology and structure of the loaded ZIF were modulated from leaf-shaped phase to hollow mixed phase to achieve the excellent adsorption performance. The optimized MS-ZIF10 exhibited significantly enhanced performance for Pb(II) and Cu(II) adsorption. Specifically, the MS-ZIF10 combined high adsorption capacities (624.8 and 588.6 mg g-1 for Pb(II) and Cu(II), respectively), rapid kinetics, excellent anti-interfering capability (e.g., cations, dissolved organic matters) with outstanding reusability (removal efficiency > 91.8 % after 10 cycles). The MS-ZIF10 presented satisfactory performance on Pb(II) and Cu(II) removal in various real water matrices. Fixed-bed experiments were performed to assess the practicality of MS-ZIF10, and 1821 bed volumes (BVs) and 1630 BVs of feeding streams containing Pb(II) and Cu(II) were effectively treated. This work proposed a novel paradigm for promoting the MOF's performance and simultaneously boosting MOF's application in actual heavy metal removal.
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Estructuras Metalorgánicas , Metales Pesados , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Zeolitas , Plomo , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/química , Metales Pesados/química , Adsorción , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Imidazoles , CinéticaRESUMEN
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health problem and one of the major causes of cancer-related death worldwide. It is very important to understand the pathogenesis of CRC for early diagnosis, prevention strategies and identification of new therapeutic targets. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54) displays an important role in the the pathogenesis of CRC. It is a cell surface glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and plays an essential role in cell-cell, cell-extracellular matrix interaction, cell signaling and immune process. It is also expressed by tumor cells and modulates their functions, including apoptosis, cell motility, invasion and angiogenesis. The interaction between ICAM-1 and its ligand may facilitate adhesion of tumor cells to the vascular endothelium and subsequently in the promotion of metastasis. ICAM-1 expression determines malignant potential of cancer. In this review, we will discuss the expression, function, prognosis, tumorigenesis, polymorphisms and therapeutic implications of ICAM-1 in CRC.
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Removing non-biodegradable Pb2+ and Cu2+ is the top priority in wastewater purification, while adsorption is a green technology to remove them. Herein, MgO-embedded granular hierarchical porous biochar (HP-MgO@BC) was fabricated by pyrolysis of porous Mg-infused chitosan beads. MgO nanoparticles were homogeneously embedded throughout the hierarchical porous biochar matrix in a high-density and accessible manner, thus providing a large number of easily accessible adsorption sites. Pb2+ and Cu2+ sorption capacities on HP-MgO@BC are 1044.8 and 811.2 mg/g at pH 5, respectively. It could effectively remove Pb2+ and Cu2+ across a broad pH range of 2-7, and show excellent adsorption efficiency in the presence of interfering cations. It also possessed excellent reusability. In the fixed-bed operation, 7880 BV (78.80 L) and 1610 BV (16.10 L) of synthetic Pb2+ and Cu2+ wastewater could be purified by HP-MgO@BC packed column, respectively. The adsorption mechanism involves mineral precipitation, ion exchange, and surface coordination.
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Aguas Residuales , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Adsorción , Óxido de Magnesio , Cobre , Plomo , Porosidad , Carbón Orgánico , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , CinéticaRESUMEN
Valorizing solid waste for heavy metal adsorption is highly desirable to avoid global natural resources depletion. In this study, we developed a new protocol to valorize Radix Astragali residue (one of the Chinese medicine residues) into a low-cost, chemically robust, and highly permeable (ca. 90%) amino-laced porous double-network hydrogel (NH2-CNFs/PAA) for efficient Pb(II) adsorption. The NH2-CNFs/PAA showed (i) excellent Pb(II) adsorption capacity (i.e., 994.5 mg g-1, ~4.8 mmol g-1), (ii) fast adsorption kinetics (kf = 2.01 ×10-5 m s-1), (iii) broad working pH range (2.0-6.0), and (iv) excellent regeneration capability (~15 cycles). (v) excellent performance in various real water matrices on Pb(II) removal. Moreover, its high selectivity (distribution coefficient Kd ~2.4 ×106 mL g-1) toward Pb(II) was owing to the present of abundant amino groups (-NH2). Furthermore, the fix-bed column test indicated the NH2-CNFs/PAA can effectively remove 114.6 bed volumes (influent concentration ~5000 µg L-1) with an enrichment factor 10.9. The full-scale system modeling (i.e., pore surface diffusion model (PSDM)) has been applied to predict the NH2-CNFs/PAA performance on Pb(II) removal. Overall, we have provided an alternative "win-win" scenario that can resolve the Chinese medicine residues disposal issue by valorizing it into high performance gel-based adsorbents for efficient heavy metal removal.
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Metales Pesados , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Adsorción , Astragalus propinquus , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Hidrogeles/química , Cinética , Plomo , Metales Pesados/química , Porosidad , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/químicaRESUMEN
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play vital roles in the tumorigenesis of many cancers. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the lncRNA also play vital roles in tumorigenesis. We explored lncRNA rs944289 and rs7990916 polymorphisms and analyzed the relationship between these lncRNA polymorphisms with the colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in a Chinese population. We recruited 1003 CRC patients from the Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University and the Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from October 2014 to August 2017. Genomic DNA was extracted using a DNA Kit from lymphocytes of peripheral blood and the genotyping was performed with a SNPscan method. We found that the rs944289 TT homozygote was associated with the decreased CRC risk in the overall population. LncRNA rs944289 TT decreased the CRC risk in the subgroup of female, male, age ≥ 61, without alcohol intake, smoking and BMI ≥ 24 by logistic regression. The subgroup analysis revealed that lncRNA rs7990916 was not associated with CRC risk except for age < 61. Logistic regression analysis revealed that lncRNA rs944289 TT homozygote was associated with the increased risk of rectum cancer (TT vs. CC + CT: adjusted OR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.10-1.66, P = 0.041) or colon cancer. In summary, we proved that lncRNA rs944289 might be significantly related to the decreased CRC risk in the Chinese Han populations and lncRNA rs7990916 was not associated with the CRC risk except for patients of age < 61. In the future, studies with larger samples should be conducted to validate our results.
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Pueblo Asiatico/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/epidemiología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , Anciano , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/efectos adversos , Carcinogénesis/genética , Estudios de Casos y Controles , China/epidemiología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/sangre , Femenino , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad/genética , Homocigoto , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Fumar/efectos adversosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is an important complication after human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haploidentical donor (HID) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), which may lead to poor prognosis. Our study intends to identify the efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for multidrug-resistant (MDR)-GVHD after HID HSCT. METHODS: MDR-GVHD was referring to GVHD remaining no response to at least two types of therapy, and hUCB-MSCs were given at the dose of (1.0-2.0) × 106/kg once a week. RESULTS: A total of 21 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study (acute GVHD (aGVHD): n = 14, chronic GVHD (cGVHD): n = 7). The median dose of MSCs was 1.2 × 106 cells/kg (range, 0.8-1.8 × 106) cells/kg, and the median numbers of infusion were 2 (range, 1-7) and 3 (range, 2-12) for MDR-aGVHD and MDR-cGVHD patients, respectively. In MDR-aGVHD patients, the overall response rate (ORR) was 57.1%, including 50.0% complete response (CR) and 7.1% partial response (PR), and the median time to response was 49.5 days (range, 16-118) days. The 2-year probability of overall survival after MSCs was 64.3%. Five patients (35.7%) developed infections after MSCs, and no obvious hematologic toxicities were observed. Five MDR-aGVHD patients died after MSCs treatments because of GVHD progression (n = 1), severe infection (bacterial central nervous system infection: n = 1; fungal pneumonia: n = 2), and poor graft function (n = 1). In MDR-cGVHD patients, three patients (42.9%) achieved PR after MSCs and the median time to response was 56 days (22-84) days. The ORRs for moderate and severe cGVHD were 50.0% and 33.3%, respectively. Four MDR-cGVHD patients died after MSCs treatments because of GVHD progression (n = 2), severe fungal pneumonia (n = 1), and relapse (n = 1). CONCLUSION: MSCs treatment may be safe and effective for MDR-GVHD after HID HSCT.
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ABSTRACT: Advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients are not tolerant to the toxicities of traditional chemotherapy and its second-line therapeutic regimens are limited. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of apatinib combined with S-1 as the second-line therapy for AGC patients.Patients with AGC were enrolled in this study. Patients received oral apatinib (250âmg to 500âmg once daily) and S-1(40âmg/m2 twice daily) on days 1-14. Each cycle was 28âdays and one course of treatment consisted of 2 cycles. Clinical efficacy and adverse events (AEs) were observed. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis.From November 2015 to December 2017, 58 AGC patients who failed first-line chemotherapy were enrolled and assessed retrospectively. According to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) standard, all patients were evaluable for response. None achieved CR, and 10 (17.2%) achieved PR (95% CI 7.2%-27.3%). SD was observed in 58.6% (34/58) of patients (95% CI 45.6%-71.7%) and NR in 24.1% (14/58) of patients (95% CI 12.8%-35.5%). The objective response rate (ORR) and the disease control rate (DCR) were 17.2% and 75.8% respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) were 143.1âdays (95% CI 121.7-164.5) and 211.6âdays (95% CI 162.9-219.7) respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that the ECOG PS was the independent factor of PFS and OS for AGC patients (PFS: HRâ=â3.565, 95% CI: 2.25-5.65, Pâ<â.001; OS: HRâ=â3.676, 95% CI: 2.29-5.89, Pâ<â.001). The main AEs were fatigue (72.4%), hypertension (46.6%), and leukopenia (48.3%).Apatinib combined with S-1 showed promising efficiency and was well tolerated as the second-line therapy for AGC patients. ECOG PS was the independent factor of PFS and OS for AGC patients. AEs were moderate and controllable, and leukopenia or hypertension was predictable factors for the PFS and OS of AGC patients.