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BACKGROUND: The association between negative wealth shocks and depression among middle-aged and older individuals remains unclear. Our study aimed to assess the association between negative wealth shocks and depression and its trajectories, and to explore cross-national differences in these associations. METHODS: Our sample included 21 999 participants, of which 9519 were from the Health and Retirement Study (2012-2020), 4936 from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2012-2020), 2520 from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2020), and 5024 from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (2012-2021). We used latent class trajectory models to identify depressive trajectories, alongside mixed-model logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression to evaluate associations. RESULTS: In the USA (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.40-2.16), England (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.09-2.70), and China (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.09-1.75), negative wealth shocks were associated with subsequent depressive symptoms, but not in Mexico (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.86-1.29). Additionally, negative wealth shocks were associated with several depressive trajectories in the USA and China. This association occurred only in increasing-decreasing trajectory in England, while no significant association was found across any trajectory in Mexico. CONCLUSIONS: Negative wealth shocks were associated with subsequent depressive symptoms, with significant associations observed in some specific depressive trajectories. These associations exhibited cross-national differences, underscoring the importance of considering country-specific contexts when addressing the mental health impacts of wealth shocks.
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Objective: To investigate the mediating role of depression in the association between multidimensional social deprivation and frailty among the elderly. Methods: A total of 533 elderly individuals were enrolled from a district in Chengdu using a convenience sampling method. The participants responded to a questionnaire survey. Spearman rank correlation coefficient was employed to assess the correlations among social deprivation, depression, and frailty. MacKinnon's product-of-coefficients method was used to test the significance of the mediating effect of depression between social deprivation and frailty. Results: Among the participants, the average score for social deprivation among the participants was 48.9±7.1, the depression detection rate was 12.8%, and the frailty incidence rate was 8.4%. Social deprivation was positively correlated with frailty (r=0.212, P<0.001) and depression (r=0.399, P<0.001), while depression was positively correlated with frailty (r=0.248, P<0.001). The results of the mediation analysis showed that depression partially mediated the relationship between social deprivation and frailty (P<0.05), accounting for 64.95% of the mediation effect. Specifically, depression partially mediated the relationship between socio-economic status, comprehensive feeling, and frailty (P<0.05), accounting for 70.30% and 64.76% of the mediating effect, respectively. Depression fully mediated the relationship between family and social support, political and social participation dimensions, and frailty (P<0.05). Conclusion: Social deprivation can influence frailty in elderly people, with depression partially mediating this association.
