RESUMEN
The appearance of pandemic H1N1 and highly pathogenic avian H5N1 viruses in humans as well as the emergence of seasonal H1N1 variants resistant against neuraminidase inhibitors highlight the urgent need for new and amply available antiviral drugs. We and others have demonstrated that influenza virus misuses the cellular IKK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway for efficient replication suggesting that this module may be a suitable target for antiviral intervention. Here, we show that the novel NF-kappaB inhibitor SC75741 significantly protects mice against infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses of the H5N1 and H7N7 subtypes. Treatment was efficient when SC75741 was given intravenously in a concentration of 5mg/kg/day. In addition, application of SC75741 via the intraperitoneal route resulted in a high bioavailability and was also efficient against influenza when given 15 mg/kg/day or 7.5 mg/kg/twice a day. Protection was achieved when SC75741 was given for seven consecutive days either prior to infection or as late as four days after infection. SC75741 treatment showed no adverse effects in the concentrations required to protect mice against influenza virus infection. Although more pre-clinical studies are needed SC75741 might be a promising candidate for a novel antiviral drug against influenza viruses that targets the host cell rather than the virus itself.
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/administración & dosificación , Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/efectos de los fármacos , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/efectos de los fármacos , Subtipo H7N7 del Virus de la Influenza A/efectos de los fármacos , Gripe Humana/tratamiento farmacológico , FN-kappa B/antagonistas & inhibidores , Animales , Aves , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Femenino , Humanos , Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/patogenicidad , Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/fisiología , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/patogenicidad , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/fisiología , Subtipo H7N7 del Virus de la Influenza A/patogenicidad , Subtipo H7N7 del Virus de la Influenza A/fisiología , Gripe Aviar/virología , Gripe Humana/genética , Gripe Humana/metabolismo , Gripe Humana/virología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , VirulenciaRESUMEN
During H5N1 influenza virus infection, proinflammatory cytokines are markedly elevated in the lungs of infected hosts. The significance of this dysregulated cytokine response in H5N1-mediated pathogenesis remains to be determined. To investigate the influence of hypercytokinemia, or "cytokine storm," a transgenic mouse technology was used. The classical NF-kappaB pathway regulates the induction of most proinflammatory cytokines. Deletion of the p50 subunit leads to a markedly reduced expression of the NF-kappaB-regulated cytokines and chemokines. Here we show that H5N1 influenza virus infection of this transgenic mouse model resulted in a lack of hypercytokinemia but not in altered pathogenesis.
