Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antifungal activity of Lippia Thymoide essential oil in oral pathogens

Aim: This study evaluated the chemical composition of Lippia thymoides (Lt) essential oil and its antimicrobial activity against fungal strains of Candida albicans (Ca) and Gram-negative bacteria Prevotella intermedia (Pi) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn). Methods: Lt essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation apparatus with a modified Clevenger extension. The chemical analysis was analyzed by gas phase chromatography and mass spectrometry on Shimadzu QP 2010 plus. Sample sensitivity evaluation was performed by ABHb-inoculum and culture plates were developed with triphenyltetrazolium chloride, also Fn and Pi samples analysis were in anaerobic environment and Ca sample analysis was performed in aerobic environment. The minimum inhibitory concentration (CIM) was determinated by microdilution in eppendorfs tubes. Results: The chemical analysis showed that Thymol (59,91%) is the main compound found in Lt essential oil, also other antifungal and antimicrobial agents were present γ-terpinene (8.16%), p-cymene (7.29%) and ß-caryophyllene (4.49%), Thymol is a central ingredient of many medicinal plants and has a potent fungicidal, bactericidal and antioxidant activity, it has been previously shown to have anti-inflammatory activity against Periodontal Disease (PD) cause can reduces prostanoids, interleukins, leukotrienes levels in periodontium. CIM result Pi was 6.5 µg/mL, Fn was 1.5 µg/mL and Ca was 0.19 µg/mL. Conclusion: The antimicrobial activity of L. thymoides, through the compound Thymol, has been shown promising potential against gram-negative periodontopathogenic bacteria and fungi whose therapeutic arsenal is still very restricted

Analysis of IL-10 in HIV-1 patients with chronic periodontitis in northern Brazil

The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of IL-10 in the gingival crevicular fluid in HIV-1 positive patients with chronic periodontitis and to compare with HIV-1 negative patients with chronic periodontitis, also to correlate clinical periodontal parameters, viral load and count of CD4 + and CD8 + lymphocytes (LTCD4 + and LTCD8 +). Methods: 33 patients were selected and splitted into two groups: 16 HIV-1 positive patients and 17 HIV-1 negative patients and all with chronic periodontitis. The clinical periodontal parameters recorded were: Probing Depth (PD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL); the sistemical parameters LTCD4 +, LTCD8 + and viral load were analized by the gingival crevicular fluid collected from all patients. Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the concentrations of Interleukin (IL)-10. For the statistical analysis the Student t, Mann-Whitney and Spearman tests were performed. IL-10 levels were significantly lower in both patients groups. Results: There was statistical difference betwen groups for probing depth (p=0.015) and clinical attachment level (p=0.011), no significant correlation was found among the analyzed variables. Conclusion: The IL-10 levels in HIV-1 positive patients had no influence in periodontal and medical parameters (AU)

Interfragmentary screw fixation of the zygomatic arch in complex midface and zygomaticomaxillary fractures.

Zygomatic arch reduction and fixation is a key point in the treatment of complex midface and zygomaticomaxillary fractures. High-impact frontal trauma can cause posterior displacement of zygomatic bone, with a sagittal fracture of the root of the zygomatic arch extending posteriorly to the glenoid fossa. Miniplate and screw fixation of this fracture requires a large detachment of soft tissue, thus being technically more difficult for proper fixation and increasing the risk of soft tissue damage. This report describes an operative approach for fixation of this type of fracture using an adaptation of the lag screw technique. After the initial reduction of zygomatic bone, the proximal segment of the zygomatic arch containing the sagittal fracture is anatomically reduced and a 2.0-mm titanium screw is placed with an inferior inclination of 10° to 15° into the mastoid cells of the temporal bone, thus avoiding intracranial screw placement. This technique showed excellent results in reduction and long-term stability. It facilitates the surgical procedure, decreases the risk of soft tissue damage, and can lower costs compared with conventional miniplate and screw fixation.

Quantitative study of AgNOR in lingual mucosal cells of BALB/C mice submitted to the 4-NQO carcinogen: the effect of vitamin E / Quantificação das AgNOR em células da mucosa lingual de camundongos BALB/C submetidos ao 4-NQO: efeito da vitamina E

Animal models have shown to be important in understanding multifactorial diseases with complex mechanisms and multiple molecular events as in oral squamous cells carcinoma. 4-NQO exhibits a potent carcinogenic effect in various animal species, producing DNA mutations, altering base pairs, provoking deletions and chromosome aberrations. Micronutrients, among them, vitamin E may inactivate free radicals and reactive metabolites of oxygen, with are potent causes of DNA damage...