Severe Intractable Headache as a Presentation of COVID-19 in a 23-Year-Old.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 is a novel betacoronavirus with a new genome sequence that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which primarily affects the lungs, thus causing pneumonia which can progress to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. New emerging cases of extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 include gastrointestinal, cardiac, renal, and/or central nervous system involvement. Although an ischemic stroke converting to a hemorrhagic stroke is more commonly seen, spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients is on the rise. This case report describes a 23-year-old female who tested positive (via a polymerase chain reaction test) for COVID-19 and presented with new onset of severe intractable headache. The investigation suggested COVID-19 as the most probable cause of this patients' spontaneous ICH. This case emphasizes the importance of adding COVID-19 to the differential diagnosis of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents in patients with a spontaneous ICH of unclear etiology and, in the process, performing COVID testing.

Acculturation, coping, and PTSD in Hispanic 9/11 rescue and recovery workers.

Objective: Research examining the responders of the World Trade Center terrorist attacks of 9/11 has found that Hispanic responders are at greater risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than non-Hispanic White responders. However, no studies have examined how acculturation may influence the relationship between coping and PTSD in Hispanic 9/11 responders. This novel study is the first to examine differences in coping and PTSD among Hispanic responders by level of acculturation. Methods: The sample is composed of 845 Hispanic 9/11 responders who were seen at the World Trade Center Health Program and participated in a web-based survey. Using logistic and multiple linear regression, we examined how acculturation is related to their coping strategies and risk for PTSD. We also tested for interaction to examine whether level of acculturation moderated the relationship between coping and PTSD symptom severity. Results: Key findings revealed that higher acculturation is associated with the use of substances, venting, and humor to cope, while lower acculturation is associated with the use of active coping and self-distraction in this sample. We also found that less acculturated responders were more likely to experience more severe PTSD. Lastly, our findings revealed that Hispanics who are more acculturated and used substances to cope had more severe PTSD than less acculturated responders. Conclusion: These findings highlight the need to consider the role of acculturation in Hispanic responders' coping and PTSD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

The Burden of Subthreshold Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in World Trade Center Responders in the Second Decade After 9/11.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the prevalence, risk and protective correlates, and clinical characteristics associated with probable subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in police and nontraditional (eg, construction workers) World Trade Center (WTC) responders a median of 12.2 years after September 11, 2001. METHODS: A total of 4,196 WTC responders, monitored via the WTC Health Program, completed a web-based survey between 2012 and 2014 assessing a range of variables, including demographics, WTC exposures, medical and psychiatric comorbidities, and mental health services use. The sample included 2,029 police responders and 2,167 nontraditional responders. Current (past-month) probable WTC-related PTSD level (none, subthreshold, or full PTSD) was assessed based on DSM-IV criteria using the PTSD Checklist-Specific Stressor version (PCL-S). RESULTS: The prevalence of current probable full and subthreshold WTC-related PTSD in police responders was 9.3% and 17.5%, respectively, and in nontraditional responders was 21.9% and 24.1%, respectively. Risk and protective correlates for subthreshold PTSD included post-9/11 medical comorbidities and traumatic events (odds ratios [ORs] = 1.1-1.2). Clinical characteristics included elevated rates of comorbid depression (OR = 3.2 and 3.9 for subthreshold PTSD and 17.2 and 30.3 for full PTSD for nontraditional and police responders, respectively). Among responders with subthreshold PTSD, police were more likely to have accessed mental health services and utilized a greater variety of treatments than nontraditional responders. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, 26.8% of police and 46.0% of nontraditional responders met criteria for probable WTC-related full or subthreshold PTSD an average of 12 years after 9/11. Probable subthreshold PTSD, which is not typically assessed in clinical settings, was more prevalent than probable full PTSD and was associated with significantly elevated rates of psychiatric comorbidities, functional impairment, and reduced quality of life. These findings underscore the importance of assessing, monitoring, and possibly treating subthreshold PTSD in WTC and other disaster responders.

Risk, coping and PTSD symptom trajectories in World Trade Center responders.

Trajectories of disaster-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are often heterogeneous, and associated with common and unique risk factors, yet little is known about potentially modifiable psychosocial characteristics associated with low-symptom and recovering trajectories in disaster responders. A total of 4487 rescue and recovery workers (1874 police and 2613 non-traditional responders) involved during and in the aftermath of the unprecedented World Trade Center (WTC) attacks, were assessed an average of 3, 6, 8, and 12 years post-9/11/2001. Among police responders, WTC-related PTSD symptoms were characterized by four trajectories, including no/low-symptom (76.1%), worsening (12.1%), improving (7.5%), and chronic (4.4%) trajectories. In non-traditional responders, a five-trajectory solution was optimal, with fewer responders in a no/low-symptom trajectory (55.5%), and the remainder in subtly worsening (19.3%), chronic (10.8%), improving (8.5%), and steeply worsening (5.9%) trajectories. Consistent factors associated with symptomatic PTSD trajectories across responder groups included Hispanic ethnicity, pre-9/11 psychiatric history, greater WTC exposure, greater medical illness burden, life stressors and post-9/11 traumas, and maladaptive coping (e.g., substance use, avoidance coping). Higher perceived preparedness, greater sense of purpose in life, and positive emotion-focused coping (e.g., positive reframing, acceptance) were negatively associated with symptomatic trajectories. Findings in this unique cohort indicate considerable heterogeneity in WTC-related PTSD symptom trajectories over 12 years post-9/11/2001, with lower rates of elevated PTSD symptoms in police than in non-traditional responders. They further provide a comprehensive risk prediction model of PTSD symptom trajectories, which can inform prevention, monitoring, and treatment efforts in WTC and other disaster responders.

Survival of Dental Implants Placed in Grafted and Nongrafted Bone: A Retrospective Study in a University Setting.

PURPOSE: To compare dental implant survival rates when placed in native bone and grafted sites. Additionally, risk factors associated with dental implant loss were identified. This study was based on the hypothesis that bone grafting has no effect on implant survival rates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients receiving dental implants at the University of Texas, School of Dentistry from 1985 to 2012. Exclusion criteria included patients with genetic diseases, radiation and chemotherapy, or an age less than 18 years. To avoid misclassification bias, implants were excluded if bone grafts were only done at the same time of placement. Data on age, sex, tobacco use, diabetes, osteoporosis, anatomical location of the implant, implant length and width, bone graft, and professional maintenance were collected for analysis. RESULTS: A total of 1,222 patients with 2,729 implants were included. The cumulative survival rates at 5 and 10 years were 92% and 87% for implants placed in native bone and 90% and 79% for implants placed in grafted bone, respectively. The results from multivariate analysis (Cox regression) indicated no significant difference in survival between the two groups; having maintenance therapy after implant placement reduced the failure rate by 80% (P < .001), and using tobacco increased the failure rate by 2.6-fold (P = .001). CONCLUSION: There was no difference in the dental implant survival rate when implants were placed in native bone or bone-grafted sites. Smoking and lack of professional maintenance were significantly related to increased implant loss.

Sistema de tareas docentes para desarrollar habilidades profesionales desde la asignatura MGI en 5to año de medicina / System of teaching tasks to develop professional abilities through the subject Integral General Medicine in fifth year of Medicine

Fundamento: el proceso docente en las universidades debe lograr la formación de un profesional pertinente y comprometido desde su profesión con la realidad social en sus tres dimensiones: instructiva, educativa y desarrolladora, donde se forme un modo de actuación con conocimientos, habilidades y valores en correspondencia con su encargo social. Objetivo: diseñar un sistema de tareas docentes para el desarrollo de habilidades profesionales en diferentes modalidades propias de la educación en el trabajo de la estancia de MGI en 5to año de medicina, las que a su vez constituyen actividades específicas en esa especialidad. Métodos: se revisaron un total de 86 artículos de investigaciones pedagógicas, publicadas en SciELO y de la base de datos del MES, así como artículos de revistas de educación internacionales y dos tesis de maestría, de ellos se utilizaron 35 citas seleccionadas para realizar la revisión, 27 de ellas de los últimos 5 años. Mediante el empleo de los métodos teóricos y empíricos, se diseñó el sistema de tareas propuesto. Conclusiones: con el desarrollo de las referidas tareas se aprovechan las potencialidades que brinda la educación en el trabajo en la atención primaria de salud en vínculo directo con la futura profesión y el desarrollo de habilidades. También se determina, qué debe caracterizar el trabajo metodológico del colectivo de la referida asignatura para enfrentar un proceso enseñanza aprendizaje en función del desarrollo de habilidades profesionales. La ejecución de las tareas docentes contribuye al desarrollo de la independencia cognoscitiva; la ejercitación del sistema operacional de las habilidades para la aplicación del método clínico y epidemiológico, y tributan a la función del egresado de brindar atención médica integral.

Background: the teaching process in the universities should be aimed at training a professional committed to social reality from his profession in its three dimensions: instructive, educative, and developing. A mode of action that includes knowledge, abilities and values should be formed corresponding with the social mission. Objective: to design a system of teaching tasks to develop professional abilities in different modes of the subject Integral General Medicine (IGM) in fifth year of Medicine that are specific activities of that specialty. Methods: a total of 86 articles of pedagogical researches published in SciELO and in the database of the Ministry of Higher Education were reviewed. Some articles from international education journals and two master’s degree theses were also review. Thirty-five citations were selected for making the review; 27 were from the last five years. The proposed system of tasks could be designed by means of theoretical and empirical methods. Conclusions: a good use of the potential of education in the work in Primary Health Care _directly linked to the future profession and the development of skills_ is made with the development of the mentioned tasks. The characteristics of the methodological work of the professors of the mentioned subject to face a teaching-learning process according to the development of professional abilities are also determined. The implementation of the teaching tasks contributes to the development of cognitive independence, to the practice of the operational system of abilities for the application of the clinical epidemiological method, and to the function of the graduate of providing integral medical care.

Divertículo de Meckel a forma obstructiva en el recién nacido / Meckel's Diverticulum to Obstructive Form in the Newborn

El divertículo de Meckel es el resultado de un cierre incompleto del conducto onfalomesentérico, con una incidencia estimada de 2 al 3%; manifiesta gran variedad en su presentación, sin embargo, la forma obstructiva en el recién nacido aparece aproximadamente en el 12% de los pacientes y se diagnostica como resultado de sus complicaciones. El diagnóstico preoperatorio es difícil y constituye un reto diagnóstico para cirujanos, radiólogos y pediatras. Se presentó un recién nacido a término con el diagnóstico de divertículo de Meckel en el Hospital Pediátrico Octavio de la Concepción y de la Pedraja de Holguín, con manifestaciones clínicas de una obstrucción intestinal en el neonato. La evolución postoperatoria fue satisfactoria.

Meckel's diverticulum is the result of an incomplete closure of omphalomesenteric duct, with an estimated incidence from two to three per cent. A great variety in presentation was showed, however, the obstructive form in the newborn occurs in approximately 12% of patients and it is defined as a result of its complications. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult and represents a diagnostic challenge for surgeons, radiologists and pediatricians. A patient with Meckel's diverticulum, with intestinal obstruction of Octavio de la Concepción and Pedraja Hospital of Holguin was presented in this paper.The postoperative progress was satisfactory.

Dolor, calidad de vida y estado anímico relacionados con la salud de pacientes ancianos hospitalizados / Pain, Quality of Life, and State of Mind related to the Health of Elderly, Hospitalized Patients / Dor, qualidade de vida e estado anímico relacionados à saúde de pacientes idosos hospitalizados

Objetivo. A través de este estudio, se pretende establecer la relación existente entre la intensidad del dolor percibida, la ansiedad, depresión y calidad de vida de pacientes ancianos hospitalizados. Método. Presenta un diseño de tipo transversal descriptivo. El muestreo se realizó de manera aleatoria estratificada (119 participantes). Se evaluaron los niveles de ansiedad y depresión, así como la intensidad del dolor que los participantes reportaron durante la entrevista. Para esto, se utilizó la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión de Goldberg (EADG), el cuestionario Perfil de Salud de Nottingham (PSN) y la Escala Verbal Simple (EVS). Resultados. En general, se observó que, en la medida en que el dolor aumentaba, empeoraban las áreas de calidad de vida evaluadas con el PSN, así como los niveles de ansiedad y depresión. Conclusión. Ante el deterioro de la calidad de vida y su relación con las respuestas emocionales asociadas a ansiedad y depresión, conforme la intensidad del dolor, se deben realizar intervenciones de nivel primario y secundario que permitan el control del dolor, con el fin de reducir el impacto en la salud mental de los adultos mayores, a partir de estrategias integradas entre lo farmacológico y psicológico. Del mismo modo, se sugiere la creación de programas intrahospitalarios que incorporen terapias integrales que, a su vez, atiendan la dimensión emocional y afectiva de los pacientes ancianos hospitalizados, con el propósito de mejorar su calidad de vida.

Objective. This descriptive, transverse study, attempts to establish the existent relation between the degree of perceived pain, anxiety, depression and quality of life of elderly hospitalized patients. Method. A stratified random sample was used for this study. Using the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale (GADS), the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and the Simple Verbal Scale (SVS), the patients' reported anxiety and depression levels, as well as the intensity of their pain were measured. Results. It was observed that in general, as the patient's pain increased, their depression and anxiety levels, and the quality of life areas evaluated using the NHP, worsened. Analyses are descriptive and inferential. Conclusion. In view of the deterioration of the quality of life and its relationship to the emotional responses associated with anxiety and depression, and the intensity of pain, interventions should be carried out at primary and secondary level to permit pain control, in order to reduce the impact on the mental health of older adults, based on pharmacological and psychological integrated strategies. Likewise, it is suggested that inpatient programs incorporating holistic therapies which, in turn, meet the emotional affective elderly needs of hospitalized patients, are created, with the aim of improving their quality of life.

Escopo. Através de este estudo pretende-se estabelecer a relação existente entre a intensidade da dor percebida, a ansiedade, a depressão e a qualidade de vida de pacientes idosos hospitalizados. Metodologia. Apresenta um desenho do tipo transversal descritivo. A amostra foi feita de modo aleatório estratificado (119 participantes). Foram avaliados os níveis de ansiedade e depressão, assim como a intensidade da dor que os participantes reportaram durante a entrevista. Para isto, foi usada a Escada de Ansiedade e Depressão de Goldberg (EADG), o questionário Perfil de Saúde de Nottingham (PSN) e a Escada Verbal Simples (EVS). Resultados. Em geral, foi observada que na medida em que a dor aumenta, pioram as áreas de qualidade de vida avaliadas com o PSN, assim como os níveis de ansiedade e depressão. Conclusão. Ante a deterioração da qualidade de vida e sua relação com as respostas emocionais associadas à ansiedade e a depressão, conforme a intensidade da dor, devem ser feitas intervenções de nível primário e secundário que permitam o controle da dor, com o fim de reduzir o impacto na saúde mental dos adultos maiores, a partir de estratégias integradas entre o farmacológico e o psicológico. Do mesmo modo, sugere-se a criação de programas intrahospitalarios que incorporem terapias integrais que, a sua vez, atendam a dimensão emocional e afetiva dos pacientes idosos hospitalizados, com o proposto de melhorar sua qualidade de vida.

El dolor y su impacto en la calidad de vida y estado anímico de pacientes hospitalizados / Pain and its Impact on the Quality of Life and Mood of Hospitalized Patients

Mediante este estudio descriptivo transversal se pretendió conocer la relación entre la intensidad percibida del dolor, el estado de ánimo y la calidad de vida en pacientes hospitalizados. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 271 pacientes (133 hombres y 138 mujeres; edad M = 56.79) de un hospital de tercer nivel en Granada, España. Se administró el Perfil de Salud de Nottingham (PSN), la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión de Goldberg (EADG) y la Escala Verbal Simple (EVS). Los resultados reflejan un empeoramiento en cada una de las áreas de la calidad de vida evaluada con el PSN, así como en la ansiedad y depresión medidas con la EADG, conforme la intensidad del dolor aumenta. Finalmente, se discuten algunas recomendaciones basadas en los resultados.

By means of this descriptive traverse study, it was sought to understand the existing relationship between the intensity of the perceived pain, the mood and the quality of life in hospitalized patients. The sample used in this study, consisted of 271 patients (133 men and 138 women; mean age 56.79) of a third level hospital in Granada, Spain. The Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), Goldberg's Anxiety and Depression Scale (GADS) and the Simple Verbal Scale were administered. As the intensity of the pain increases, the results reflected a worsening in each one of the areas of the quality of life when evaluated with the NHP; as well as in the anxiety and depression levels when measured using GADS. Finally, some recommendations are discussed based on the results obtained.

Prevención de la enfermedad renal crónica en la comunidad / Prevention of chronic renal disease in the community

Las enfermedades crónicas constituyen una verdadera epidemia, no solo en lospaíses desarrollados sino en los que avanzan hacia el desarrollo, y entre ellas ocupan un importante lugar las enfermedades renales crónicas. Objetivo: elevar el nivel deconocimiento en la prevención de la enfermedad renal crónica. Método: se realizó un estudio de intervención educativa, diseñado al respecto y aplicado a un grupo de pacientes en elconsultorio 13 del Policlínico Ignacio Agramonte de Camagüey, en el período de abril a junio del 2011 a los que se les aplicó una encuesta con variables y aspectos de conocimientosantes y después de la intervención. Resultados: la mayoría de los pacientes eran fumadores, antes de la intervención más de la mitad no identificaron que pertenecían a grupode riesgo, solo la minoría identificó que la alimentación hipercalórica era un aspecto a tener en cuenta en la dieta, así como la vacunación era preventiva de la enfermedad. Después dela estrategia el 100 por ciento reconoció que realizar ejercicios, estar vacunado, ser tratado ante infecciones o enfermedades parasitarias y el control de la tensión arterial y la glucemia eranaspectos a tener en cuenta para prevenir la enfermedad. Conclusiones: la intervención realizada fue satisfactoria ya que se logró que el mayor por ciento de los pacientes elevara los conocimientos acerca de los temas impartidos

Chronic diseases constitute an epidemic, not only in developed countries butalso in developing countries, chronic kidney diseases occupy an important place. Objective: to improve knowledge and understanding of chronic kidney disease. Method: an educationalintervention study was carried out, designed and applied to a group of patients in the doctor’s office 13, at the Ignacio Agramonte Polyclinic in Camagüey, from April to June 2011. A survey with variables and aspects concerning patients’ knowledge about the disease was applied before and after the intervention. Results: the majority of patients were smokers. Before carrying out the intervention more than half of patients didn't identify they belonged to a risk group. Only a minority of them recognized hypercaloric food was an aspect to consider in the diet, as well as vaccination prevented this disease. After the implementation of the strategy,the 100 percent of patients recognized that performing exercises, being vaccinated, being treated for infections or parasitic diseases, and the control of blood pressure and blood sugar were vitalmeasures to prevent disease. Conclusions: the intervention research was satisfactory since the highest percent of patients increased their knowledge about the topics dealt with

Estrategia educativa para la prevención del parasitismo en edades pediátricas / Educational strategy for the prevention of parasitism in pediatric ages

Entre las enfermedades infecciosas, las producidas por parásitos constituyen un problema médico-social que afecta no sólo a los países subdesarrollados sino a países de alto desarrollo económico. Objetivo: elevar el nivel de conocimiento sobre medidas de control en el parasitismo. Método: se realizó un estudio de intervención educativa, diseñado al respecto y aplicado a un grupo de madres en el consultorio No 4 del Policlínico Ignacio Agramonte, Municipio Camagüey, desde septiembre a diciembre de 2009; a las que se les aplicó una encuesta con diferentes variables antes y después de la intervención. Resultados: la mayoría de las madres tenían buen nivel socioeconómico. La oxiuriasis fue el párasito más padecido en sus hijos. Antes de la estrategia un número reducido de madres reconocieron los gases intestinales y urticarias como síntomas y signos, ninguna identificó la respiración sibilante. Después de la intervención el 100 por ciento de las madres reconocieron el lavado de las manos, de frutas y vegetales, hervir o clorar el agua, evitar desbordamiento de fosas y desagües, además de proteger los alimentos de suciedades. Conclusiones: la intervención realizada fue satisfactoria ya que se logró que el mayor por ciento de las madres elevara los conocimientos acerca de los temas impartidos.

Among infectious diseases, those produced by parasites constitute a medical-social problem that not only affects to underdeveloped countries but to countries of high economic development. Objective: to elevate the knowledge level on control measures in parasitism. Method: an educational intervention study was carried out, which was applied to a group of mothers in the doctor´s office #4 at the Ignacio Agramonte Polyclinic, of Camagüey Municipality from September to December 2009. The universe was constituted by 58 mothers and the sample remain conformed by 26 to those were applied a survey with different variables and knowledge aspects before and after the intervention. Results: the majority of mothers had good socioeconomic level (69,2) and (65,3), oxyuriasis was the parasite most suffered in their children (61,5), before the strategy a reduced number of mothers recognized intestinal gases and hives like symptoms and signs, none of them identified the sibilant respiration. After the intervention the 100 percent of mothers recognized hands, fruits, and vegetables washing, to boil or chlorinate water, to avoid overflow of pits and drainages, besides protecting foods of dirtinesses. Conclusions: intervention was satisfactory since it was achieved the biggest percent of mothers elevated their knowledge on the given topics.

Intervención educativa sobre infecciones respiratorias agudas en madres de niños menores de un año / Educational intervention on acute respiratory infections in mothers with children smaller than one year of life

La alta morbilidad por infecciones respiratorias agudas sigue afectando a los niños pequeños. Objetivo: demostrar la eficacia de un programa de intervención educativa sobre infecciones respiratorias en madres de niños menores de un año. Método: se realizó un estudio de intervención educativa, en cuarenta y cinco consultorios del Policlínico Universitario Este del Municipio Camagüey, en el período de enero del 2007 a mayo del año 2008. El universo de estudio fue de setenta y dos madres, con fecha de parto desde el primero de junio hasta el treinta y uno de agosto del 2007. Se aplicó una encuesta que contenía las variables a estudiar, antes y después de la intervención educativa aplicada. Resultados: se encontró el mayor número de madres en la edad de treinta a treinta y cuatro años, de escolaridad pre-universitaria y trabajadoras, se incrementaron los conocimientos a un 90,27 por ciento Conclusiones: después de la intervención se incrementó el nivel de conocimientos sobre infecciones respiratorias en las madres. Se demostró la eficacia de la intervención educativa.

The high morbidity for acute respiratory infections continues affecting little children. Objective: to demonstrate the effectiveness of an educational intervention program on respiratory infections in mothers with children smaller than one year of life. Method: an educational intervention study was carried out, in forty-five doctor’s offices of the East Polyclinic of Camagüey municipality, from January 2007 to May 2008. The study universe was constituted by seventy-two mothers, with childbirth date from June 1st to August 31 2007. A survey was applied that contained the variables to study, before and after the applied educational intervention. Results: the greatest number of mothers in the age from thirty to thirty-four years, of pre-university schooling and hard-working was found, knowledge were increased to 90,27 percent. Conclusions: after the intervention the level of knowledge on respiratory infections in mothers was increased. The effectiveness of the educational intervention was demonstrated.

Intervención educativa sobre lactancia materna / Educational intervention on breast-feeding

Fundamento: la problemática que no se lacte hasta el sexto mes de vida, afecta hoy, no se han obtenido resultados favorecedores a pesar de las ventajas que ofrece la lactancia materna y su efecto protector que ha demostrado que los niños alimentados con pecho presentan menos incidencia de enfermedades respiratorias, gastrointestinales y otitis media aguda. Objetivo: elevar el nivel de conocimientos sobre la lactancia materna. Método: se realizó un estudio de intervención educativa, en cinco consultorios del Policlínico Universitario Este del Municipio Camagüey, de marzo a diciembre del 2007, en cincuenta y una gestantes que hubieran tenido hijos, con fecha probable de parto desde el primero de abril hasta el treinta de mayo; se les aplicó un formulario con diferentes variables y una encuesta de conocimientos antes y después de la intervención. Resultados: se encontró el mayor número de gestantes en la edad de veinticinco a veintinueve años, las que más lactaron fueron las de escolaridad pre-universitaria y las trabajadoras. Después de la intervención aumentó el número de madres que lactaron, así como el nivel de conocimiento en los temas impartidos. Conclusiones: la intervención fue satisfactoria ya que se logró que el mayor por ciento de las madres lactara hasta el sexto mes y se elevó el nivel de conocimiento sobre lactancia materna.

Background: the problem of not suckle until the sixth month of life, affects today, no favorable results has been obtained in spite of the advantages that offers breast-feeding and its protective effect has demonstrated breast-fed children present less incidence of respiratory, gastrointestinal diseases and otitis media acute. Objective: to elevate the level of knowledge on breast-feeding. Method: an educational intervention study, in five doctor’s offices of the East Polyclinic of Camagüey Municipality was conducted, from March to December 2007, in fifty-one pregnant women that had had children, with probable childbirth date from April 1st up to May 30; a form with different variables and a knowledge survey before and after the intervention was applied. Results: the greatest number of pregnant women in the age from twenty-five to twenty-nine years was found, those that more suckled were those of pre-university schooling and workers. After the intervention the number of mothers that suckled, increased as well as the level of knowledge in the imparted topics. Conclusions: the intervention was satisfactory since it was achieved the greater percent of mothers suckled until the sixth month and the level of knowledge on breast-feeding increased.