Social, health-related, and environmental factors influencing sleep problems of children, adolescents and young adults.

Sleep is a relevant factor for functioning and well-being of young people. The paper provides a differentiated description of sleep difficulties in this population group including social, health-related, and environmental factors. The analyses included n=6,728 11- to 17-year-olds of the KiGGS baseline study (2003-2006) and 6,072 young adults (age 18-31), who provided information relating sleep in the survey KiGGS Wave 2 (2014-2017). Information from 3,567 people was evaluated at two survey points. 22.0% of the 11- to 17-year-olds reported sleep difficulties. A significant impact for the sex (female), living with a single parent, and with siblings is reflected in the logistic regression. The risk for sleep difficulties increases significantly in the case of mental problems and pain. Among the 18- to 31-year-olds, 19.6% complained of difficulties falling asleep and sleeping through the night. In addition to sex, noise exposure, a low level of education, the professional situation, and living with children were reflected as important influencing factors in the logistic regressions. Over one third of those, who suffered from sleep problems as children and adolescents, also indicated sleep difficulties almost ten years later. The high prevalence of sleep problems and the associated health risks illustrate the high public health relevance of the topic. In addition to sex, health-related and environmental variables also turned out to be significant and need to be considered in the development of interventions.

Survey of sex/gender diversity in the GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS study - objectives, procedure and experiences.

Sex/gender diversity is increasingly recognised by society and should be taken into account more in population-representative studies, as they are important data sources for targeting health promotion, prevention and care. In 2019, the Robert Koch Institute started a population-representative health survey with the study Health in Germany Update (GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS) with a modified, two-stage measures of sex/gender. The survey covered sex registered at birth and gender identity with an open response option. This article describes the aims, the procedure and the experiences with the operationalisation of sex/gender and the results. Out of 23,001 respondents, 22,826 persons are classified as cisgender, 113 persons as transgender and 29 persons as gender-diverse. 33 respondents were counted as having missing values. A survey of interviewers showed that the two-stage measures of sex/gender had a high level of acceptance overall and that there were only a few interview drop-outs. On the basis of previous experience, the modified query can be used for further surveys, but should also be adapted in perspective. For this purpose, participatory studies are desirable that focus on how the acceptance of measures of sex/gender can be further improved and how hurtful experiences in the context of the questions asked can be avoided.

[Federal health reporting at the Robert Koch Institute-status quo and current developments]. / Gesundheitsberichterstattung des Bundes am Robert Koch-Institut ­ Status quo und aktuelle Entwicklungen.

Health reporting as an integral part of public health plays an important role in the development of strategies and concepts that aim to improve the health of all population groups. This article provides an overview of the definition and tasks of federal health reporting and describes important health reporting components in their current form. The publication format of the Journal of Health Monitoring, which was developed for different user groups of health monitoring, is presented. Examples of the uses and effects of health reporting are also presented. Health reporting is designed as a flexible system: changes in databases as well as forms of communication are taken into account in the further development of health reporting.The further development of health reporting requires close interdisciplinary cooperation between different actors in order to integrate current research results from various scientific disciplines into the processes of health reporting, as well as to further expand the scope and impact of health reporting. In addition, to further develop health reporting on a scientific level, the expansion of participatory elements and a stronger internationalization will be important future tasks.

Civil society stakeholders' participation in national health reporting on sex/gender issues: a study protocol for an intersectionality-informed and sex/gender-sensitive approach to focus group research.

INTRODUCTION: Health reporting is one of the foundations on which public health interventions and policies as well as prevention measures are developed. However, it faces the challenge of adequately reflecting social and sex/gender-related heterogeneity. The German Federal Ministry of Education and Research-funded joint project, AdvanceGender, aims to develop guidelines for sex/gender-sensitive and intersectional approach to population-based studies and health reporting. In its subproject, AdvanceHealthReport, four focus groups will be conducted to provide essential information on possible ways of participation of civil society stakeholders and on communication of health information for the further development of the guidelines (research period: from January 2019 to March 2020). METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The civil society stakeholders provide valuable information which health topics are relevant in regard to specific populations and how health information should be communicated in a non-stigmatising way. The groups will also discuss how civil society stakeholders should participate in health reporting. The starting point for intersections will be sex/gender. The intersection of sex/gender and migration and sex/gender and sexual orientation is particularly taken into account. The focus groups will be recorded, transcribed, anonymised and then analysed according to the qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: The results will show the pathways as well as benefits and possible limitations of civil society stakeholder involvement in national health reporting and will contribute in developing guidelines for sex/gender-sensitive and intersectional health reporting. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The results of the focus groups will be published in scientific journals and presented at various national and international conferences. Furthermore, the findings will be incorporated into guidelines for research and health reporting. The study was approved by the Ethics Commission of Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane (AZ: E-01-20180529).

[Unintentional injuries in childhood and adolescence-prevalence, locations, and mechanisms : Results from KiGGS Wave 2 and trends]. / Unfallverletzungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter ­ Prävalenzen, Unfall- und Behandlungsorte, Mechanismen : Ergebnisse aus KiGGS Welle 2 und Trends.

BACKGROUND: Unintentional injuries are one of the most common health problems in childhood and adolescence. Information on the distribution and variation of accident prevalence is an important basis for accident prevention. The second follow-up survey of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS Wave 2, 2014-17) enables the continuation of non-fatal accident monitoring at the federal level that began with the KiGGS baseline study (2003-06). METHODS: KiGGS Wave 2 is a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted by the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) with participation of 15,023 children and adolescents aged 0 to 17 (response rate: 40.1%). Parents were interviewed about unintentional injuries of their children. Information on accidents is available from 2429 children and adolescents (1-17 years). Twelve-month prevalences with 95% CI were calculated and comparisons were made between KiGGS Wave 2 and the previous KiGGS surveys. RESULTS: Within the last 12 months, 16.5% of 1­ to 17-year-old children and adolescents were medically treated for an accidental injury, with boys (18.6%) requiring treatment significantly more frequently than girls (14.3%). Of the total, 4.8% had three or more accidents. Every eighth injured child (12.4%) stayed in hospital for at least one night. Children and adolescents under 18 years were most likely to have accidents at home, in educational and care facilities, on playgrounds and in sports facilities. CONCLUSION: Injury risks in childhood and adolescence vary primarily according to age and gender, but also, for example, according to personal and environmental factors. Knowledge of such contextual conditions is of great importance for the development of prevention measures. Since the beginning of the KiGGS study, there have been hardly any changes and no decrease in unintentional injuries in childhood and adolescence.

[AdvanceGender-Joint project for sex/gender-sensitive and intersectional research and health reporting]. / AdvanceGender ­ Verbundprojekt für eine geschlechtersensible und intersektionale Forschung und Gesundheitsberichterstattung.

Health reporting provides information on the health of the population and thus forms the basis for adequate health promotion, prevention, and care. In order to better represent social diversity, the joint project AdvanceGender (funded by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research) aims to promote the development of a gender-sensitive and intersectional approach to population-based studies and health reporting. The three subprojects research study participation, data analysis, and health reporting. Based on the results, recommendations for epidemiological studies and for health reporting will be developed.

Corrigendum: Accident injuries of children and adolescents in Germany. Results of the cross-sectional KiGGS Wave 2 study and trends.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.17886/RKI-GBE-2018-086.2.].

Accident injuries of children and adolescents in Germany. Results of the cross-sectional KiGGS Wave 2 study and trends.

For children and adolescents, accidents represent an important health risk. Despite decreasing mortality rates, accidental (unintended) injuries remain the most common cause of death for children over the age of one in Germany. Accident injuries can cause considerable and lasting damage on health and development. The possible major implications as well as the potential to prevent accident injuries underline the importance of accident prevention. The German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) collects data on unintentional child injuries at regular intervals. Results of the second follow-up survey (KiGGS Wave 2, 2014-2017) show that during the past twelve months 16.5% of children and adolescents aged between 1 and 17 received medical treatment following an accident. Boys suffer injuries from accidents significantly more often than girls (18.6% vs. 14.3%). While the prevalences for older children and adolescents tend to be higher, age generally has little impact on accident rates. Compared to the two previous waves of KiGGS, the prevalences of accident injuries have remained stable.

German Health Update: New data for Germany and Europe: The background to and methodology applied in GEDA 2014/2015-EHIS.

GEDA 2014/2015-EHIS is an up-to-date health survey of the adult population undertaken within the framework of the Robert Koch Institute's (RKI) health monitoring system. It uses the EHIS (European Health Interview Survey) Wave 2 questionnaire and includes four modules covering health status, health care, health determinants, and socio-economic variables. Data on nationally relevant issues is also collected. The study employs a mixed-mode design, using both online and paper-based questionnaires to gather data from 24,016 people aged 18 and above: the response rate was 26.9%. The Statistical Office of the European Union (Eurostat) provides prepared data from 28 European Union (EU) member states (plus Norway and Iceland) on the Eurostat website. National analyses for Germany are published as Fact sheets on health reporting in the Journal of Health Monitoring.