Identification of oxygenated triacylglycerols in pistachio nuts' lipids by reverse-phase high-resolution-liquid chromatography-ESI mass spectrometry.

Hydroxy- and peroxy-triacylglycerols are common products of lipid peroxidation formed during oil storage or heating or as enzymatic oxidation product of arachidonic acid as signaling molecules in mammals. In this study, oxygenated triacylglycerides (TAG) were identified in pistachio oil based on reverse phase(RP), high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry (HPLC- ESI -MS). 20 novel lipid plant metabolites, classified based on their fragment spectra into a hydroxy (TAG-OH), an epoxy (TAG-O), and hydroperoxide (TAG-OOH) groups. We believe that this class of compounds has been for the first time observed as genuine secondary plant metabolites in a natural source in this case pistachio lipids of dietary relevance.

Facile Attachment of Halides and Pseudohalides to Dodecaborate(2-) via Pd-catalyzed Cross-Coupling.

Cross-coupling reactions with [B12H11I]2- as one partner have been used successfully for Kumada and Buchwald Hartwig couplings with Pd catalysis. Here, we found that the iodide could be substituted easily, and unexpectedly, with other halides such as Br and Cl, and with pseudohalides such as cyanide, azide, and isocyanate. We found that for Cl, Br, N3, and NCO, tetrabutylammonium salts-or sodium salts-were successful halide sources, whereas for cyanide, CuCN was the only halide source that allowed a successful exchange. The azide could be reacted further in a click reaction with triazoles. While no substitution with fluoride occurred, tetrabutylammonium fluoride in the presence of water led to [B12H11OH]2-. Yields were high to very high, and reaction times were short when using a microwave oven as a heating source.