Correction to: SMART coils for intracranial aneurysm repair - a single center experience.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Future liver remnant growth after various portal vein embolization regimens: a quantitative comparison.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of right portal vein embolization using ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH-PVE) compared to other embolic agents and surgical right portal vein ligation (PVL).Material and methods: Patients with right sided liver malignancies scheduled for extensive surgery and receiving induction of liver hypertrophy via right portal vein embolization/ligature between 2010-2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Treatments included were ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx®, EVOH-PVE), ethiodized oil (Lipiodol®, Lipiodol/PVA-PVE), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-PVE) or surgical ligature (PVL). Liver segments S2/3 were used to assess hypertrophy. Primary outcome was future liver remnant growth in ml/day.Results: Forty-one patients were included (EVOH-PVE n = 11; Lipiodol/PVA-PVE n = 10; PVA-PVE n = 8; PVL n = 12), the majority presenting with cholangiocarcinoma and colorectal metastases (n = 11; n = 27). Pre-interventional liver volumes were comparable (p = .095). Liver hypertrophy was successfully induced in all but one patient receiving Lipiodol/PVA-PVE. Liver segment S2/3 growth was largest for EVOH-PVE (5.38 ml/d) followed by PVA-PVE (2.5 ml/d), with significantly higher growth rates than PVL (1.24 ml/d; p < .001; p = .007). No significant difference was evident for Lipiodol/PVA-PVE (1.43 ml/d, p = .809).Conclusions: Portal vein embolization using EVOH demonstrates fastest S2/3 growth rates compared to other embolic agents and PVL, potentially due to its permanent portal vein embolization and induction of hepatic inflammation.

Carotid Artery Stenosis Contralateral to Intracranial Large Vessel Occlusion: An Independent Predictor of Unfavorable Clinical Outcome After Mechanical Thrombectomy.

Background: Clinical outcome in patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (MT) due to intracranial large vessel occlusion (LVO) in the anterior circulation is influenced by several factors. The impact of a concomitant extracranial carotid artery stenosis (CCAS) contralateral to the intracranial lesion remains unclear. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 392 consecutive patients treated with MT due to intracranial LVO in the anterior circulation in two comprehensive stroke centers between 2014 and 2017. Clinical (including demographics and NIHSS), imaging (including angiographic evaluation of CCAS via NASCET criteria), and procedural data were evaluated. Primary endpoint was an unfavorable clinical outcome defined as modified Rankin Scale 3-6 at 90 days. Results: In 27/392 patients (7%) pre-interventional imaging exhibited a CCAS (>50%) contralateral to the intracranial lesion compared to 365 patients without relevant stenosis. Median baseline NIHSS, procedural timings, and reperfusion success did not differ between groups. Median volume of the final infarct core was larger in CCAS patients (176 cm3, IQR 32-213 vs. 11 cm3, 1-65; p < 0.001). At 90 days, unfavorable outcome was documented in 25/27 CCAS patients (93%) vs. 211/326 (65%; p = 0.003) with a mortality of 63 vs. 19% (p = 0.001), respectively. Presence of CCAS was associated with an unfavorable outcome at 90 days independent of age and baseline NIHSS in multivariate logistic regression (OR 2.2, CI 1.1-4.7; p < 0.05). Conclusion: For patients undergoing MT due to intracranial vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation, the presence of a contralateral CCAS >50% is a predictor of unfavorable clinical outcome at 90 days.