RESUMEN
CORRECTION: After the publication [1] it came to the attention of the authors that one of the co-authors was incorrectly included as Hamza Somrain. The correct spelling is as follows: Hamzeh Sumrein.
RESUMEN
PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of thrombophilic factors in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). METHODS: Fifty consecutive patients with RP and 50 controls matched by age and gender were tested for the presence of the following mutations: factor II (GA20210), factor V Leiden (GA1691), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (CT677), factor XIIIa (ValâLeu), ß-fibrinogen (GA455), tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFRII) (M196R), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) (4 G/5 G), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) (GA844). RESULTS: The following heterozygous mutations were found in patients/controls: factor V Leiden (12/14), factor XIIIa (20/30), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 TT (48/52), ß-fibrinogen GA455 (36/36), TNFRII (M196R) (40/42), PAI-1 4 G/5 G (40/48), and PAI-1 GA844 (50/52). The difference between patients with RP and the control group was not statistically significant for the prevalence of any of the studied factors (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: In this study, thrombophilic mutations were not increased in patients with RP. Thrombophilic mutations do not seem to be risk factors for RP. Routine investigation of hereditary thrombophilia in these patients is not justified.
Asunto(s)
Mutación , Retinitis Pigmentosa/genética , Trombofilia/genética , Adulto , Análisis Mutacional de ADN , Factor V/genética , Factor XIIIa/genética , Femenino , Fibrinógeno/genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genotipo , Humanos , Masculino , Metilenotetrahidrofolato Reductasa (NADPH2)/genética , Inhibidor 1 de Activador Plasminogénico/genética , Prevalencia , Receptores Tipo II del Factor de Necrosis Tumoral/genética , Factores de Riesgo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis is one of cancer hallmarks that are required for both cancer progression and metastasis. In this study we examined the antiangiogenic properties of the ethanolic crude extracts of four Salvia species grown in Jordan. METHODS: The direct antiangiogenic activity was evaluated using various models: ex vivo rat aortic ring assay, in vitro assessment of HUVEC proliferation and migration, and in vivo CAM assay, while we used the changes in the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in breast cancer cells (MCF 7) as an indicative for the indirect antiangiogenic activity. RESULTS: All four crude extracts showed a potential antiangiogenic activity in the rat aortic assay, however two species were found to be cytotoxic against Fibroblast cell line (PLF); the finding that caused the exclusion of these two extracts from further studies. Of the two remaining extracts, S. triloba showed very promising direct and indirect antiangiogenic activities. S. triloba inhibited the HUVEC proliferation with an IC50 of 90 µg/mL and HUVEC migration by 82% at 150 µg/mL. Furthermore, the in vivo CAM assay also illustrated the high impact of S. triloba against the newly formed vessel in the chicken embryonic membrane. Interestingly, the S. triloba inhibited the expression of VEGF at the mRNA and protein and the HIF-1α mRNA in the MCF 7 breast cancer cells under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, all these findings of the direct and indirect angiogenic investigations nominated S. triloba as a highly potent antiangiogenic plant that may have chemotherapeutic and/or chemoprevention potentials.
