RESUMEN
Resumo Introdução A rotulagem de alimentos é uma importante ferramenta de promoção da saúde e de escolhas alimentares saudáveis. Objetivo Estimar a prevalência do hábito de verificar os rótulos de alimentos e fatores associados em adolescentes e adultos, bem como identificar as informações observadas nos rótulos. Método Estudo transversal de base populacional com amostra probabilística por conglomerados em dois estágios, realizado em Campinas/SP (n = 1.792, 10-59 anos). Foram estimadas razões de prevalência e os respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% e foi desenvolvido modelo de regressão múltipla de Poisson. Resultados A prevalência do hábito de verificar os rótulos de alimentos foi de 49,4% (IC95%: 45,2-53,6). As prevalências foram superiores no sexo feminino, nos adultos, em indivíduos com maior renda, com maior frequência semanal de consumo de frutas, hortaliças cruas, alimentos integrais, com menor frequência de consumo de refrigerantes e que tinham se pesado há menos de um mês. Data de validade, calorias, sódio e gordura foram as informações mais buscadas nos rótulos. Conclusão Os resultados destacam a necessidade de orientar e estimular o uso da rotulagem nutricional, identificam os segmentos prioritários e contribuem para preencher uma das lacunas científicas brasileiras sobre a prevalência de consulta aos rótulos de alimentos e fatores associados.
Abstract Background Food labeling is an important tool for encouraging health and healthy food choices. Objective To estimate the prevalence of food label consultation and associated factors in adolescents and adults, and to identify the information taken from food labels. Method Cross-sectional study with data from population-based surveys with a probabilistic sample, by clusters and in two-stages, conducted in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (n=1.792, 10-59 years). Prevalence ratios and respective 95% confidence intervals were estimated and a Poisson multiple regression model was developed. Results 1,792 individuals aged 10 to 59 years participated in the study. The prevalence of reading food labels was 49.4% (95%CI: 45.2-53.6) for the whole population. Prevalence was higher in females, adults, in those with higher income, with more frequent weekly consumption of fruits, raw vegetables, and whole foods, with less frequent consumption of soft drinks, and those who had weighed themselves less than a month ago. Expiration date, calories, sodium and fat were the most searched for information on food labels. Conclusion The results highlight a need to guide and encourage the use of nutrition labeling, identify priority segments and help to fill a scientific gap in Brazil regarding the prevalence of food label consultation and associated factors.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate weight misperception among adolescents and determine associations between self-perceived weight and socio-demographic characteristics, BMI, screen time, self-rated food quantity and diet quality, weekly frequency of breakfast and the consumption of healthy and unhealthy foods. DESIGN: A cross-sectional, two-stage, probabilistic population-based study was conducted in Campinas, Brazil. Multinomial logistic regressions were run to estimate weight self-perception. SETTING: Data from the Campinas Health Survey (ISACamp) and Campinas Food Consumption Survey (ISACamp-Nutri). PARTICIPANTS: A total of 911 adolescents aged 10-19 years. RESULTS: Nearly half (47·7 %) of the adolescents with overweight/obesity did not evaluate their weight properly. Weight self-perception as thin and excess weight was associated with the female gender, overweight/obesity, self-rated diet quality as poor/very poor and eating snacks ≥3 times/week. Adolescents who did not consume breakfast daily were less likely to perceive themselves as thin. Adolescents who ate excessively were more likely and those who consumed cookies/crackers ≥3 times/week were less likely to perceive themselves as having excess weight. CONCLUSIONS: Greater weight misperception was found in overweight/obese adolescents. Gender, BMI, self-rated food quantity/diet quality, weekly frequency of breakfast and some unhealthy foods were associated with self-perceived weight. The present findings could contribute to health promotion strategies targeting adolescents.
