The utilization of hyperbaric oxygenation therapy in hypospadias repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) use in hypospadias repair through systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed in May 2021. Comparative studies assessing the surgical outcome of hypospadias repair between control versus HBOT utilization were identified and evaluated according to Cochrane collaboration recommendations. The assessed outcome includes hypospadias repair failures and graft failure for staged repair using a buccal graft. Relative risk with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extrapolated. A random-effect model was used to generate pooled effect estimates. Heterogeneity and inter-study variability were assessed using Chi-square and I-square. Subgroup analysis was performed according to primary repair versus redo-hypospadias with buccal graft. PROSPERO registration (CRD42021251423). RESULTS: Five comparative studies with 576 cases (301 HBOT versus 275 controls) were included. Overall pooled effect estimates showed that the HBOT group has significantly lesser hypospadias repair failure (RR 0.52, 95%CI 0.37, 0.72). Subgroup analysis on the use of HBOT for graft take showed lesser graft failure compared to the control group (RR 0.20, 95% CI 0.05, 0.75), while the use of HBOT for primary and redo single staged hypospadias repair showed lesser complication rate (RR 0.56, 95%CI 0.40, 0.78). Based on ROBINS-I assessment, all included comparative studies are determined to be of serious risk of bias mainly due to presence of confounding. CONCLUSION: The currently available low-quality of evidence suggests that compared to control groups, HBOT as an adjunctive intervention to complicated hypospadias repair was able to reduce surgical outcome failure and graft failure rates.

Efficacy and Safety of Gabapentin in Comparison to Solifenacin Succinate in Adult Overactive Bladder Treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of gabapentin in comparison to solifenacin succinate and placebo for the treatment of adult patients with overactive bladder (OAB). METHOD: A 12-week, randomized, double-blind, double dummy placebo-controlled, clinical trial was conducted between October 2010 and August 2014 at a tertiary medical center. Eligible and consenting patients included were randomized into three treatment groups (placebo, gabapentin and solifenacin). After a 12-week treatment period, an intention to treat analysis was applied to assess between group differences on the micturitions and urgency episodes per 24 h; which were evaluated by 3-day micturition diary mean change from baseline to post treatment. Health related quality of life (HRQOL) domains were likewise assessed by OAB questionnaire (OAB-q). Adverse event were monitored and summarized. Study results were analyzed at statistical significance of 0.05. (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT01486706) RESULT: A total of 94 participants were included for end-study efficacy and safety analysis. Compared to placebo, gabapentin and solifenacin have statistically significant improvement in mean number of micturitions per 24 h (adjusted mean difference [AMD] -1.179, 95%CI -1.98, -0.38; P < 0.001; -1.706, 95%CI -2.52, -0.09; P < 0.001; respectively), and in mean number of urgency episodes per 24 h (AMD -0.903, 95%CI -1.44, -0.37; P < 0.001; -0.896, 95%CI -1.44, -0.35; P < 0.001). Gabapentin also demonstrated significant improvement over the solifenacin in the mean number of nocturia episodes/24 h (AMD -0.607, 95%CI -1.04, -0.18; P < 0.001). Adverse event related to gabapentin treatment was lesser than solifenacin, and comparable to placebo. CONCLUSION: Gabapentin treatment with acceptable safety profile, improves OAB symptoms and HRQOL domains.