RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Advances in neonatology have contributed to improved survival for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. Neurodevelopmental outcome is usually reported for a single large group of infants rather than according to smaller birth weight groups because of small numbers. Our purpose was to review the neurodevelopmental outcome of a large group of ELBW infants and examine differential outcome according to birth weight. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 446 infants born between 1979 and 1991, with a birth weight of 500 to 999 g, were followed to mean age 55 months +/- 33 standard deviation. Univariate analyses of medical risk factors of birth weight, gestational age, year of birth, growth retardation, gender, inborn/outborn status, days on oxygen, intracranial hemorrhage, and social risk in relation to outcome were conducted on the group as a whole. Neurologic/developmental outcome was also analyzed by 100-g weight groups. RESULTS: A total of 61% of all infants were completely normal, with no neurologic, neurosensory, or cognitive deficits. There was no association between outcome and birth weight. There was a strong association between intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) grade III or IV and/or cystic periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and abnormal outcome (Somers' D = .17) and ICH III/IV and/or cystic PVL and cognitive outcome (Kendall's tau = .15). Mild to moderate cognitive delays were associated with chronic lung disease (oxygen >60 days) (Kruskal-Wallis chi2 = 17.53) or high social risk (Kruskal-Wallis chi2 = 22.17). CONCLUSION: In this study of ELBW infants, low birth weight was not associated with abnormal outcome. The risk factors of ICH III-IV/cystic PVL, chronic lung disease, and high social risk were associated with abnormal outcome.
Asunto(s)
Desarrollo Infantil , Recién Nacido de muy Bajo Peso , Análisis de Varianza , Peso al Nacer , Hemorragia Cerebral , Cognición , Discapacidades del Desarrollo/epidemiología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Inteligencia , Leucomalacia Periventricular , Masculino , Terapia por Inhalación de Oxígeno , Factores de Riesgo , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
To our knowledge, there are only two brief reports in the medical literature of injury sustained as a result of a carbonated soft-drink (pop) bottle explosion. We report three such cases and review pertinent data on this hazard.
