RESUMEN
RETRACTEDHerpes simplex viruses types 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) are among the most common viruses in the human population. The clinical manifestations of HSV infection vary widely, which necessitates reliable molecular methods for the timely diagnosis of herpes virus infection, as well as for detection of mutations in the genes responsible for drug resistance. PCR is often unable to detect HSV isolates with nucleotide substitutions at the primer binding site. Sanger sequencing of the whole genome reveals mutations mainly at the consensus level, which accumulate at advanced stages of viral infection. High-throughput sequencing (HTS, next generation sequencing) offers an obvious advantage both in early diagnosis of herpes virus infection and identification of HSV variants.
RESUMEN
An update on the development and trials of synthetic peptide vaccines is reviewed. The review considers the successful examples of specific protection as a result of immunization with synthetic peptides using various protocols. The importance of conformation for the immunogenicity of the peptide is pointed out. An alternative strategy of the protection of the organism against the infection using synthetic peptides is suggested.
Asunto(s)
Epítopos/química , Fiebre Aftosa/prevención & control , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/prevención & control , Rabia/prevención & control , Vacunas Virales/administración & dosificación , Animales , Bovinos , Epítopos/inmunología , Fiebre Aftosa/inmunología , Fiebre Aftosa/virología , Virus de la Fiebre Aftosa/efectos de los fármacos , Virus de la Fiebre Aftosa/inmunología , Virus de la Fiebre Aftosa/patogenicidad , Cobayas , Virus de la Influenza A/efectos de los fármacos , Virus de la Influenza A/inmunología , Virus de la Influenza A/patogenicidad , Ratones , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/inmunología , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/virología , Conformación Proteica , Conejos , Rabia/inmunología , Rabia/virología , Virus de la Rabia/efectos de los fármacos , Virus de la Rabia/inmunología , Virus de la Rabia/patogenicidad , Vacunas de Subunidad , Vacunas Sintéticas , Vacunas Virales/síntesis química , Vacunas Virales/inmunologíaRESUMEN
The study of the antigenic and molecular genetic structure of human acute encephalomyelitis virus (HAEV) showed a high similarity of the HAEV N gene with the homologous gene of the fixed rabies virus strain. The results of the nucleotide sequence analysis indicate that HAEV belongs to the lyssavirus genotype 1. The N gene sequence is the closest to those of the ERA-CB20-M and RV-97 strains of the rabies virus. The need for further research into the role of the human acute encephalomyelitis virus in human pathology stems from past surveys that revealed the presence of the VNAs against this virus in 6 per cent of the blood received from donors in the USA and in each third among the patients with multiple sclerosis in the former USSR.
