RESUMEN
Objective:To investigate the value of nasal provocation testï¼NPTï¼ in evaluating the efficacy of allergen immunotherapyï¼AITï¼ in patients with dust mite induced allergic rhinitisï¼ARï¼. Methods:A total of 83 patients with dust mite induced AR with/without asthma were included. Symptom scoreï¼SSï¼, daily medication scoreï¼DMSï¼, combined symptom and medication scoreï¼CSMSï¼, rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaireï¼RQLQï¼, NPT and skin prick testï¼SPTï¼ were assessed before and after 1 year AIT. Results:There were statistical differences in SSï¼P<0.000 1ï¼, DMSï¼P<0.000 1ï¼, CSMSï¼P<0.000 1ï¼, and RQLQï¼P<0.000 1ï¼ after 1 year of AIT compared with pre-treatment. The effective rate of CSMS was 73.49%, and the effective rate of NPT was 42.17%. CSMS was consistent with NPT in efficacy assessmentï¼Kappa=0.437, P<0.001ï¼; while in 54 patients with pre-treatment NPT concentrations other than the original concentration, CMSM and NPT showed better consistenceï¼Kappa=0.895, P<0.001ï¼. Among the 48 patients with ineffective NPT assessment in the first year, 25 patients completed the second-year follow-up, and 12 patientsï¼48.00%ï¼ showed effective in NPT. However, 10 out of 12 patientsï¼83.33%ï¼ with NPT concentration other than original solution pre-treatment showed effective NPT at the second year. Conclusion:NPT can be used as one of the indicators for efficacy evaluation for dust mite induced AR patients, especially for patients with positive NPT induced at lower concentrations before treatment.
Asunto(s)
Pyroglyphidae , Rinitis Alérgica , Animales , Humanos , Alérgenos , Pruebas de Provocación Nasal , Calidad de Vida , Rinitis Alérgica/diagnóstico , Rinitis Alérgica/terapia , Desensibilización Inmunológica , Pruebas Cutáneas , PolvoRESUMEN
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and their low-molecular weight derivates have received considerable interest in terms of their potential clinical applications, and display a wide variety of pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties. Structurally distinct GAG chains can be prepared by enzymatic depolymerization. A variety of bacterial chondroitin sulfate (CS) lyases have been identified, and have been widely used as catalysts in this process. Here, we identified a putative chondroitin AC exolyase gene, AschnAC, from an Arthrobacter sp. strain found in a CS manufacturing workshop. We expressed the enzyme, AsChnAC, recombinantly in Escherichia coli, then purified and characterized it in vitro. The enzyme indeed displayed exolytic cleavage activity toward HA and various CSs. Removing the putative N-terminal secretion signal peptide of AsChnAC improved its expression level in E. coli while maintaining chondroitin AC exolyase activity. This novel catalyst exhibited its optimal activity in the absence of added metal ions. AsChnAC has potential applications in preparation of low-molecular weight GAGs, making it an attractive catalyst for further investigation.
Asunto(s)
Arthrobacter/enzimología , Condroitín Liasas/genética , Condroitín Liasas/metabolismo , Arthrobacter/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Biocatálisis , Clonación Molecular , Escherichia coli/genética , Glicosaminoglicanos/química , Glicosaminoglicanos/metabolismo , Peso Molecular , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismoRESUMEN
A novel aromatic diamine containing pyridyl side group, 4-pyridine-4,4-bis(3,5-dimethyl-5-aminophenyl)methane (PyDPM), was successfully synthesized via electrophilic substitution reaction. The polyimides (PIs) containing pyridine were obtained via the microwave-assisted one-step polycondensation of the PyDPM with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), 3,3',4,4'-diphenylether tetracarboxylic dianhydride (ODPA) and 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA). Contrarily to the reported similar PIs, these PIs exhibit much higher thermal stability or heat resistance, i.e. high glass transition temperatures (T gs) in the range of 358-473°C, and the decomposition temperatures at 5% weight loss over 476°C under nitrogen. They can afford flexible and strong films with tensile strength of 82.1-93.3 MPa, elongation at break of 3.7%-15.2%, and Young's modulus of 3.3-3.8 GPa. Furthermore, The PI films exhibit good optical transparency with the cut-off wavelength at 313-366 nm and transmittance higher than 73% at 450 nm. The excellent thermal and optical transmittance can be attributed to synthesis method and the introduction of pyridine rings and ortho-methyl groups. The inherent viscosities of PIs via one-step method were found to be 0.58-1.12 dl g-1 in DMAc, much higher than those via two-step method. These results indicate these PIs could be potential candidates for optical substrates of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs).