[Degradation of Ciprofloxacin by Activating Peroxymonosulfate with Sludge Biochar].

Sludge biochar(BC), which was prepared by the pyrolysis of waste-activated sludge at 450℃, was applied for peroxymonosulfate(PMS) activation to construct a BC/PMS system for ciprofloxacin(CIP) degradation. The physical and chemical properties of BC were studied using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), an energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS), a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR), X-ray diffraction(XRD), a Zeta potential analyzer, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy(EPR). The effects of BC dosage, PMS dosage, initial pH value, and inorganic anions on CIP removal in the BC/PMS system were investigated. Further, the degradation mechanism of the BC/PMS system was speculated through the free radical quenching experiment and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) analysis. The results showed that the CIP degradation rate was 49.09% at a BC dosage of 1.0 g·L-1, PMS of 3.0 mmol·L-1, CIP of 20 mg·L-1, and pH of 6.0 in 120 min. SO42- and NO3- had no obvious effect on the removal of CIP in the BC/PMS system, whereas HCO3- and Cl-could inhibit CIP degradation significantly. The CIP removal in the BC/PMS system was attributed to the common function of the radical pathway dominated by ·OH and SO4-· and the non-radical pathway dominated by 1O2. The CIP degradation pathway mainly included piperazine ring opening and hydroxylation reaction.

miR-140-3p promotes follicle granulosa cell proliferation and steroid hormone synthesis via targeting AMH in chickens.

Granulosa cells (GCs) are the ovary's most critical cells since they undergo cell differentiation and hormone synthesis changes closely associated with follicle development. While micro RNA 140-3p (miRNA-140-3p) has an apparent cell signaling role, particularly in cell proliferation, its biological role in chicken ovarian follicle growth and development remains elusive. This study explored miR-140-3p's effects on chicken GC proliferation and steroid hormone synthesis. MiR-140-3p dramatically increased GC proliferation, prevented apoptosis, increased progesterone synthesis, and enhanced gene expression related to steroid hormone synthesis. In addition, the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) gene was identified as a direct miR-140-3p target. MiR-140-3p abundance correlated negatively with AMH mRNA and protein levels in GCs. Our findings show that miR-140-3p influences chicken GC proliferation and steroid hormone synthesis by suppressing AMH expression.

Demethylation of the MIR145 promoter suppresses migration and invasion in breast cancer.

miR-145 has been implicated in the progression of breast cancer. Here, we report that its expression is decreased in breast cancer specimens and cell lines and that this low level of expression is associated with DNA methylation of its gene, MIR145. Methylation of MIR145 has previously been correlated with cell migration and invasion, both in vivo and in vitro. We found that demethylation of MIR145 reactivates miR-145 and contributes to the anti-cancer properties of 5-aza-2'-deoxyazacytidine (5-AzaC). Therefore, miR-145 is a potentially valuable biomarker for breast cancer.

A case of intravascular large B cell lymphoma presenting as nodular goiter.

BACKGROUND: Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) that is rare and highly aggressive and that may progressively involve many organs. CNS (central nervous system), BM (bone marrow) and skin are the most common systems involved. To date, only 2 cases of IVLBCL involving the thyroid have been reported. CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we report a case of IVLBCL involving the thyroid and accompanied by bilateral nodular goiter. In this case, a thyroid mass was identified in a physical examination of a 68-year-old male who initially presented with dyspnea accompanied by intermittent headache for approximately 1 month. Computed tomography scans revealed that the left lobar thyroid was occupied by a large, slightly lower density mass (5.8 × 4.7 × 8.4 cm). However, the patient had no hyperthyroidism or hoarseness. Levels of thyroid hormones and anti-thyroid autoantibodies in the serum were normal preoperatively. Thyroid mass resection was performed to establish a diagnosis and to relieve symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Pathological results of the surgical specimen revealed that large atypical lymphoma cells filled the capillaries in the lesion area. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the large-sized tumor cells were positive for CD20, PAX-5, MUM-1 and BCL-2, and were negative for CD3, CD5, CD43, CD10, CD23, CyclinD1, CD138, CD30, ALK, CD56, MPO, S-100, TTF-1, TG (thyroglobulin) and CT (calcitonin). The Ki-67 index was estimated to be approximately 85%. The patient was subsequently diagnosed as "Classical" IVLBCL non-germinal center B-cell type. The patient declined chemotherapy and died in the fifth month after operation.

Evaluation of 2 celecoxib derivatives: analgesic effect and selectivity to cyclooxygenase-2/1.

AIM: To evaluate the analgesic effects of 2 celecoxib derivatives and their inhibitory effects on cyclooxygenase (COX). METHODS: Four antinociceptive assays were used: the acetic acid-induced writhing test, hot plate test, hot tail-flick test and formalin test. Three doses were used in the analgesic assays and ED50 values were calculated. For the selectivity assay, macrophages were incubated with test compounds at various concentrations and then stimulated with calcimycin or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The amounts of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha(6-keto-PGF1alpha) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the supernatant were examined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The selectivity of the test compounds was expressed as the IC(50,COX-1)/IC(50,COX-2) value. RESULTS: Celecoxib and its 2 derivatives had a significant analgesic effect. The ED50 values of celecoxib, PC-406 and PC-407 were 94.2, 67.9, and 63.3 mg/kg, respectively, for the acetic acid-induced writhing test; 104.7, 89.1, and 30.0 mg/kg, respectively, for the hot tail-flick response test; 60.7, 56.7, and 86.2 mg/kg, respectively, for the hot plate response test; 67.1, 55.8, and 68.8 mg/kg, respectively, for the formalin-induced response. That is, the ED50 of PC-406 was the lowest for the formalin and hot plate tests, which focus on changes above the spinal cord level; however, the ED50 of PC-407 was lowest for the tail-flick and writhing tests, which focus on changes at the spinal cord level. Celecoxib and PC-407 inhibited COX-1 with IC50 values of 39.8 and 27.5 nmol/L, respectively. PC-406 inhibited COX-1 with an IC50 value of more than 1000 nmol/L. The IC50 values for the effect of celecoxib, PC-406 and PC-407 on COX-2 were 4.8, 8.9, and 1.9 nmol/L respectively. The IC(50, COX-1)/IC(50,COX-2) ratios for celecoxib and PC-407 were 8.3 and 14.4, respec-tively. For PC-406, the ratio was greater than 112.2. CONCLUSION: Derivatives of celecoxib via substitution with an isopropyl or naphthyl group at the 5 position in the pyrazole ring still have analgesic effects and the ability to selectively inhibit COX-2. Substitution with a naphthyl group may have more effect on the peripheral pain pathway, whereas substitution with an isopropyl group may have more effect on the central pain pathway. This phenomenon occurs partly because substitution with an isopropyl group is more beneficial for COX-2 selectivity than is substitution with a naphthyl group.