Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women with Advanced Knee Osteoarthritis Undergoing Surgical Treatment.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to demonstrate the bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition in postmenopausal women with knee osteoarthritis (OA) who underwent surgical treatment, such as total knee arthroplasty, osteotomy, or meniscectomy. METHODS: A total of 254 women with OA aged 50 years who underwent surgical treatment were enrolled in this study. We evaluated obesity-related factors, muscle components, and BMD using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: No significant differences were noted in the BMD of the hip joint between the symptomatic side of the leg with knee OA and the contralateral side. However, when comparing the BMD of each component, the results indicated a significantly higher BMD in the obesity group based on body mass index (BMI). When defining sarcopenic obesity (SO) using various indicators of obesity (BMI, the estimated visceral adipose tissue area, android/gynoid ratio, and total body fat percentage), the prevalence of SO in the OA group who underwent surgical treatment ranged from 22.0% to 49.6%. CONCLUSIONS: This study investigated obesity-related factors in patients with advanced knee OA who underwent surgery, revealing a high prevalence of overweight/obese individuals, the presence of SO, and a complex relationship between obesity, body composition, and bone density, highlighting the potential protective effects of weight-bearing on bone health while exploring the impact of sarcopenia on bone density differences in the context of OA. Depending on various definitions of obesity, diverse proportions of SO in patients with OA have been observed, and further detailed research is required to understand its impact on the condition.

Comparison of the Right and Left Femur Bone Mineral Densities in Postmenopausal Women.

OBJECTIVES: Bone mineral density (BMD) is measured in the hip and posteroanterior spine; moreover, according to the 2019 International Society for Clinical Densitometry guidelines, unilateral hip can be used. This study aimed to determine whether there is a difference between the BMD of both the femurs in postmenopausal women. METHODS: A total of 343 postmenopausal women were enrolled in this study from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019 at a single tertiary hospital. By using the Hologic® Horizon W DXA System, the femur and spine BMD was measured; BMD was recorded in g/cm². Following regions were analyzed in both the femurs: the femur neck, the trochanter area, and total femur. RESULTS: Mean age at imaging was 62 ± 9.7 years, and significant difference in the total BMD of both the femurs (P = 0.003) was observed. In secondary analysis, patients with osteoporosis showed significant contralateral BMD discrepancies in trochanter and total proximal femur BMD (P = 0.041 and P = 0.011, respectively). However, in women with normal BMD, no significant difference between the right and left femur BMD was observed. Furthermore, measurement of solely the unilateral hip can lead to a 16.9% of underdiagnosis in postmenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, it is necessary to check BMD in both hips, particularly in patients suspected of osteoporosis.

Intravenous leiomyomatosis misdiagnosed with large thrombosis in inferior vena cava.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this report is to highlight the importance of a comprehensive preoperative evaluation in the case of intravenous leiomyomatosis. CASE REPORT: A 49-year-old women was presented with dyspnea and abdominal distension. Imaging studies revealed a large leiomyoma with intravenous leiomyomatosis from this mass to the right parauterine veins, right ovarian vein reaching the inferior vena cava. Complete resection was performed by a two-stage operation by a multidisciplinary team. Final pathology confirmed it to be intravenous leiomyomatosis and uterine leiomyomas. CONCLUSION: Intravenous leiomyomatosis is a benign and rare disease that can be a fatal condition. Precise diagnosis and appropriate treatment are important for the best outcome. Gynecologists should consider this rare disease when a patient with a uterine tumor shows symptoms such as chest pain and dyspnea.

Risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage during cesarean myomectomy.

OBJECTIVE: We intended to identify the risk factors of intraoperative hemorrhage on occasions of a combined operation of myomectomy with cesarean section for patients with uterine leiomyoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was done of all patients who underwent cesarean myomectomy for intramural leiomyoma at a single university hospital. Cases identified with subserosal leiomyoma, placental disorder, and comorbid conditions related to coagulopathy were excluded. All the included cases were classified into intraoperative hemorrhage and non-hemorrhage group. Obstetric and demographic factors and parameters of leiomyoma were compared between two groups. RESULTS: A total of 302 women underwent cesarean myomectomy during the study period. Among these women, 212 pregnant women met the inclusion criteria. Intraoperative hemorrhage occurred in 43 women (20.3%). There was no significant intergroup difference in the number of removed leiomyomas. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that lower segmental location (odds ratio [OR], 2.827; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.033-7.734, P = 0.043) and the diameter (OR, 1.167; 95% CI, 1.044-1.305, P = 0.006) were significant independent risk factors for hemorrhage during cesarean myomectomy. The combination of ≥ 8 cm diameter or lower segmental position of the leiomyoma yielded a specificity of 79.3% for operative hemorrhage during cesarean myomectomy. The negative predictive value of this combination was 88.7% for operative hemorrhage with a prevalence of 20%. CONCLUSION: The large size and lower segmental position of the leiomyoma are significantly risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage during cesarean myomectomy. If the leiomyoma is located in the uterine fundus or body and its diameter is less than 8 cm, the removal of leiomyoma may be considered at the time of cesarean section.

Estimated Prevalence and Incidence of Uterine Leiomyoma, and Its Treatment Trend in South Korean Women for 12 years: A National Population-Based Study.

Background: Although uterine leiomyoma causes many problems, including infertility, there are few studies that have investigated the epidemiologic characteristics of uterine leiomyoma in South Korea. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence and incidence of uterine leiomyoma in South Korea and analyze the treatment trends. Materials and Methods: Women of reproductive age (15-54 years) were selected from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) sample cohort dataset, which was collected from 2002 to 2013. Patients with uterine leiomyoma were identified by ICD-10 (International Codes of Disease, 10th Edition) and intervention codes. Prevalence and incidence were calculated from the NHIS cohort dataset and the treatment trends were analyzed for diagnosed patients. Results: The prevalence in overall age groups increased from 0.96% in 2002 to 2.43% in 2013, and the 1-year incidences of all age groups increased. The 26-30 age group showed the highest rate of 1-year incidence increase (2.14-folds, 0.33% in 2003 to 0.70% in 2013). The proportion of myomectomy increased from 22% in 2002 to 49% in 2013, whereas the proportion of hysterectomy decreased from 78% to 45%. Conclusions: The prevalence and incidence of uterine leiomyoma are increasing in South Korea as time progresses, and the rate of incidence increase is higher in younger reproductive women. Overall trends in uterine leiomyoma treatment are shifting to the methods of the saving uterus.