RESUMEN
The benefits of sunscreen use have been well-established. However, discussion of its risks remains on the internet. Given this point of controversy, a web search of 50 websites on children's sun safety was performed and indicated that the information online is variable and incomplete when informing parents on the benefits and risks of sunscreen use.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Cutáneas , Protectores Solares , Niño , Humanos , Padres , Lectura , Protectores Solares/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Pacific Islanders represent a minority population with a disproportionate amount of risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma, including chronic liver disease, obesity, and diabetes mellitus, compared to other populations in the United States, but are poorly studied independently from Asians. Thus, this study aimed to characterize cholangiocarcinoma in a group of Pacific Islanders compared to Asians. This study retrospectively assessed a population of 40 Pacific Islander and 215 Asian cholangiocarcinoma patients from Hawai'i's primary liver transplant center from 1993 to 2020. Overall, Pacific Islanders were younger at diagnosis and had a higher prevalence of obesity compared to Asians. There were no differences in hepatitis B or C infection, tumor markers, extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma ratio, or surgical resection. When divided into extrahepatic and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, the extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cohort reflected the Pacific Islanders' younger age, higher proportion of obesity, and larger tumor size. The Pacific Islanders in the intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cohort had a greater prevalence of obesity and significantly more multifocal tumor presentation compared to Asians. Ultimately, Pacific Islanders presented younger, with higher body mass index, and with more advanced cholangiocarcinoma when divided into extrahepatic and intrahepatic types, but experienced no differences in receipt of surgical resection or 5-year survival compared to Asians. Awareness of cholangiocarcinoma occurrence in younger Pacific Islanders and assessment of premalignant biliary or hepatic pathologies may aid in the earlier identification and intervention of cholangiocarcinoma in Pacific Islanders.
Asunto(s)
Pueblo Asiatico , Colangiocarcinoma , Colangiocarcinoma/epidemiología , Estudios de Cohortes , Humanos , Nativos de Hawái y Otras Islas del Pacífico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Certain microRNAs (miR) have been previously described to be dysregulated in cancers and can be detected in blood samples. Studies examining the utility of miRs for colon cancer screening have primarily been performed in ethnically homogeneous groups of patients, thus the performance of miRs in multiethnic populations is unknown. METHODS: Four miRs were selected that were shown to be aberrantly expressed in the blood or stool of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) of various ethnicities. In this study, the ability of these miRs to discern early stage CRC was determined in a previously untested multiethnic population of 73 CRC cases and 18 controls. RESULTS: The ratios of non-vesicular to extracellular vesicular levels of miR's -21, -29a, and -92a were statistically and quantitatively related to CRC stage compared to controls. CONCLUSION: Serum levels of miR-21, miR-29a and miR-92a were able to significantly detect early stage CRC in a multiethnic and previously untested population.
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Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/diagnóstico , Etnicidad/genética , MicroARNs/genética , Anciano , Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Neoplasias Colorrectales/sangre , Neoplasias Colorrectales/epidemiología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Hawaii/epidemiología , Humanos , Japón/epidemiología , Masculino , MicroARNs/sangre , Persona de Mediana Edad , PronósticoRESUMEN
Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) plays an important role in mouse lung development, injury, and repair. It is considered the main morphogen driving lung branching morphogenesis in rodents. While many studies have found FGF10 SNPs associated with COPD and branch variants in COPD smokers, there is no evidence of a causative role for FGF10 or these SNPs in human lung development and pediatric lung diseases. We and others have shown divergent roles for FGF10 in mouse lung development and early human lung development. Herein, we only review the existing literature on FGF signaling in human lung development and pediatric human lung diseases, comparing what is known in mouse lung to that in human lung.
