RESUMEN
Improving the electrochemical performance of biomass-derived carbon electrode-active materials for supercapacitor applications has recently attracted considerable attention. Herein, we develop hybrid electrode materials from rice-husk-derived porous carbon (RH-C) materials and ß-Ni(OH)2 via a facile solid-state reaction strategy comprising two steps. The prepared RH-C/Ni(OH)2 (C-Ni) was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS)), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to acquire the physical and chemical information, which was used to demonstrate the successful fabrication of C-Ni. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurement results confirmed that the thermal stability of C-Ni changed due to the presence of Ni(OH)2. As expected, C-Ni possesses a high capacitance of â¼952 F/g at a current density of 1.0 A/g. This result is higher than that of pure biomass-based carbon materials under the three-electrode system. This facile preparation method, which was used to synthesize the electrode-active materials, can extend to the value-added utility of other waste biomass materials as high-performing supercapacitor electrodes for energy storage applications.
RESUMEN
The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) + quercetin (QE) used in combination. DHA and QE are natural compounds derived from various foods and have been demonstrated to exert antiinflammatory effects The protein mRNA expression involved in the nuclear factor (NF)-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway was analyzed by western blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction methods respectively, other cytokines were detected by an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay kit. The results of the present study demonstrated that combined treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)stimulated RAW264.7 cells with DHA + QE decreased the levels of proinflammatory mediators to a greater extent than QE or DHA alone. Additionally, DHA + QE synergistically suppressed nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2 and cyclooxygenase-2 levels. Molecularlevel studies indicated that the DHA + QE combination can significantly inhibit the mRNA expression of NFκB subunits p50 and p65, extracellular signalregulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and cJUN Nterminal kinase (JNK) 1/2, which suggests that the NFκB signalling pathway is involved in the synergistic effects observed. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated that DHA + QE synergistically inhibit the phosphorylation of p50, p65, ERK1/2 and JNK1/2. This finding indicates that the enhanced antiinflammatory effects of the combined compounds are achieved by suppressing NFκB and MAPK signalling in LPSstimulated RAW264.7 cells. The results of the present study suggest that DHA and QE in combination may be utilized as potent antiinflammatory compounds, with potential preventative or palliative effects on obesity, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.