Sedentary Behavior and Cardiometabolic Markers in Adolescents: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study.

PURPOSE: Analyzed the associations of sedentary behavior (SB) measured by questionnaire and accelerometer, with cardiometabolic markers in adolescents. METHODS: Longitudinal study with 4 years of follow-up with adolescents from João Pessoa, Brazil. SB was measured using a questionnaire (305 adolescents: 54.5% females; age 11.7 [SD = 0.7]) and use of accelerometer (136 adolescents: 54.8% females; age 11.5 [SD = 0.7]). The cardiometabolic markers were body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins and high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C), total cholesterol/HDL ratio, triglycerides/HDL ratio, and non-HDL-C. Generalized Estimating Equation analysis was used to for analyses. RESULTS: The average time in SB by the accelerometer was greater (average 8.3 [SD = 1.5], 8.8 [SD = 1.6], and 8.4 [SD = 1.9] h/d/wk) than observed in the questionnaire (on average 6.0 [SD = 4.1], 7.2 [SD = 4.9], and 6.6 [SD = 5.4] h/d/wk), in all years of the study, but without a significant increasing trend (P > .05) over time for both measures. There was a significant and positive association between SB measured by the questionnaire and SBP (ß = 0.148; 95% CI, 0.021-0.274). CONCLUSIONS: The SB generally does not seem to contribute to significant changes in cardiometabolic markers in adolescents, despite it being associated with increased systolic blood pressure levels.

Longitudinal association between moderate to vigorous physical activity and lipid profile indicators in adolescents.

The objective of this study was to examine the association between time engaged in moderate (MPA), vigorous (VPA), and moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) physical activity (PA) and indicators of lipid profile in adolescents. This longitudinal study with a four-year follow-up, and three collection points (2014, 2015 and 2017) analyzed the data of 136 adolescents (10-13 years old; 53.7% girls), in João Pessoa, Brazil. The time in MPA, VPA and MVPA times was measured by accelerometers. The lipid profile indicators analyzed were total cholesterol (TC), low-density (LDL-C) and high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-c ratios. There was an inverse association between MPA time and TC values (ß = -0.560; 95%CI: -1.116; -0.004); VPA and LDL-C (ß = -0.962; 95%CI: -1.678; -0.246) and non-HDL-C (ß = -0.955; 95%CI: -1.708; -0.201); and MVPA and TC (ß = -0.436; 95%CI: -0.816; -0.055), TG (ß = -0.415; 95%CI: -0.712; -0.118), LDL-C (ß = -0.460; 95%CI: -0.823; -0.096), non-HDL-C (ß = -0.522; 95%CI: -0.908; -0.136) and TC/HDL-C (ß = -0.472; 95%CI: -0.889; -0.055). Adolescents more engaged in PA, especially in MVPA, exhibited better levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, non-HDL-C and TC/HDL-C; and AFV exerted a greater influence on LDL-c and non-HDL-c levels.HighlightsThis study is one of the first observational longitudinal studies to analyze the association between different PA intensities, measured by accelerometer, and lipid profile indicators, with a 4-year follow-up and 3 collection points in adolescents from a low-to-middle income country;Adolescents engaged in PA, especially MVPA intensity, obtained better TC, TG, LDL-c, non-HDL-C and TC/HDL-C levels;VPA was more strongly associated with LDL-C and non-HDL-C levels compared to MVPA.

[Reproducibility, validity and internal consistency of the environment scale for physical activity of adolescents]. / Reprodutibilidade, validade e consistência interna da escala de ambiente para a atividade física em adolescentes.

The objective was to analyze the reproducibility, validity and internal consistency of the environment scale for the physical activity in adolescents. Reproducibility study with 171 adolescents (59.5% female); and validity and internal consistency with 1.353 adolescents (53.1% female). The scale contained 25 items in three domains: places of practice (PP - 14 items); urban security (US - six items) and; in transit (TS - five items). Kappa PABAK and Spearman correlation (rho) were used to assess reproducibility, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) for validity, the combined reliability index (CRI) for internal consistency. The reproducibility of the scores was PP - rho = 0.76; US - rho = 0.78 and; TS - rho = 0.66. Three factors were identified in the EFA: PP (eight items, factorial loads from 0.36 to 0.67); US (four items, factorial loads from 0.60 to 0.78) e; TS (four items, factorial loads from 0.35 to 0.64). The CFA confirmed the model with three factors and with levels recommended for the fit quality indicators of the model. The internal consistency was satisfactory for PP (CRI = 0.85), US (CRI = 0.90) and TS (CRI = 0.79). The environment scale for the practice of physical activity showed adequate levels of reproducibility, construct validity and internal consistency.

Objetivou-se analisar a reprodutibilidade, validade e consistência interna da escala de ambiente para a atividade física em adolescentes. A análise de reprodutibilidade foi feita com 171 adolescentes (59,5% do sexo feminino), e as de validade e consistência interna compreenderam 1.353 adolescentes (53,1% do sexo feminino). A escala continha 25 itens, em três domínios: locais de prática (LP - 14 itens); segurança urbana (SU - seis itens) e; no trânsito (ST - cinco itens). O Kappa PABAK e a correlação de Spearman (rho) foram utilizados para avaliar a reprodutibilidade; a análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) e confirmatória (AFC) para a validade; e o índice de fidedignidade combinada (IFC) para avaliar a consistência interna. A reprodutibilidade dos escores foi de: LP - rho = 0,76; SU - rho = 0,78 e; ST - rho = 0,66. Foram identificados três fatores na AFE: LP (oito itens, cargas fatoriais de 0,36 a 0,67); SU (quatro itens, cargas fatoriais de 0,60 a 0,78) e; ST (quatro itens, cargas fatoriais de 0,35 a 0,64). A AFC confirmou o modelo com três fatores e com níveis recomendados para os indicadores de qualidade de ajuste do modelo. A consistência interna foi satisfatória para LP (IFC = 0,85), SU (IFC = 0,90) e ST (IFC = 0,79). A escala de ambiente para a prática de atividade física apresentou níveis adequados de reprodutibilidade, validade de construto e consistência interna.

Reprodutibilidade, validade e consistência interna da escala de ambiente para a atividade física em adolescentes / Reproducibility, validity and internal consistency of the environment scale for physical activity of adolescents

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a reprodutibilidade, validade e consistência interna da escala de ambiente para a atividade física em adolescentes. A análise de reprodutibilidade foi feita com 171 adolescentes (59,5% do sexo feminino), e as de validade e consistência interna compreenderam 1.353 adolescentes (53,1% do sexo feminino). A escala continha 25 itens, em três domínios: locais de prática (LP - 14 itens); segurança urbana (SU - seis itens) e; no trânsito (ST - cinco itens). O Kappa PABAK e a correlação de Spearman (rho) foram utilizados para avaliar a reprodutibilidade; a análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) e confirmatória (AFC) para a validade; e o índice de fidedignidade combinada (IFC) para avaliar a consistência interna. A reprodutibilidade dos escores foi de: LP - rho = 0,76; SU - rho = 0,78 e; ST - rho = 0,66. Foram identificados três fatores na AFE: LP (oito itens, cargas fatoriais de 0,36 a 0,67); SU (quatro itens, cargas fatoriais de 0,60 a 0,78) e; ST (quatro itens, cargas fatoriais de 0,35 a 0,64). A AFC confirmou o modelo com três fatores e com níveis recomendados para os indicadores de qualidade de ajuste do modelo. A consistência interna foi satisfatória para LP (IFC = 0,85), SU (IFC = 0,90) e ST (IFC = 0,79). A escala de ambiente para a prática de atividade física apresentou níveis adequados de reprodutibilidade, validade de construto e consistência interna.

Abstract The objective was to analyze the reproducibility, validity and internal consistency of the environment scale for the physical activity in adolescents. Reproducibility study with 171 adolescents (59.5% female); and validity and internal consistency with 1.353 adolescents (53.1% female). The scale contained 25 items in three domains: places of practice (PP - 14 items); urban security (US - six items) and; in transit (TS - five items). Kappa PABAK and Spearman correlation (rho) were used to assess reproducibility, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) for validity, the combined reliability index (CRI) for internal consistency. The reproducibility of the scores was PP - rho = 0.76; US - rho = 0.78 and; TS - rho = 0.66. Three factors were identified in the EFA: PP (eight items, factorial loads from 0.36 to 0.67); US (four items, factorial loads from 0.60 to 0.78) e; TS (four items, factorial loads from 0.35 to 0.64). The CFA confirmed the model with three factors and with levels recommended for the fit quality indicators of the model. The internal consistency was satisfactory for PP (CRI = 0.85), US (CRI = 0.90) and TS (CRI = 0.79). The environment scale for the practice of physical activity showed adequate levels of reproducibility, construct validity and internal consistency.

Are Self-Efficacy and Perceived Environmental Characteristics Determinants of Decline in Physical Activity Time?

CONTEXT: This study analyzed whether self-efficacy (SE) and perceived environmental characteristics (EC) are determinants of the decline in physical activity (PA) time in adolescents. METHODS: This used longitudinal observational approach, with 4 years of data collection, involving 355 adolescents (57.7% girls and 42.3% boys), average age of 11.8 years (0.1 y), from João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. SE and EC were measured by scales and PA by a questionnaire. Ordinal logistic regression was used to associate SE and EC with a decline in PA. RESULTS: There was a linear trend toward a decrease in average PA duration (58.3 [13.7] min/wk/y) and a rise in average access to places for PA (point per year) (0.6 [0.1]), urban safety (0.2 [0.1]), and traffic safety scores (0.5 [0.1]). The results of multivariable analysis indicated that SE and EC were not associated with the decline in PA. CONCLUSION: There was a decline in PA time, and SE and perceived EC were not determinants of this decline.