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This study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of four therapeutic approaches available for mucosal leishmaniasis in Brazil: miltefosine, meglumine antimoniate, combined with and without pentoxifylline, and liposomal amphotericin B. The perspective adopted was that of the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS). The outcome of interest was "cured patient", which was analyzed using a decision tree model. Estimates of direct costs and effectiveness were obtained from the scientific literature. Meglumine antimoniate alone was the base comparator strategy; liposomal amphotericin B showed an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of USD 7,409.13 per cured patient, and the combination of meglumine antimoniate with pentoxifylline presented an ICER of USD 85.13. Miltefosine was absolutely dominated, with higher cost and similar effectiveness when compared to meglumine antimoniate. Sensitivity analyses, varying the cost by ±25%, did not change the results. However, when the cost of miltefosine was estimated at less than USD 171.23, this strategy was dominant over meglumine antimoniate alone. The results confirm that treatment with liposomal amphotericin B remains the option with the highest ICER among the approaches analyzed. Miltefosine may be cost-effective based on the variation in the acquisition price, which deserves attention because it is the only available oral option. The non-accounting of other aspects prevent the use of these results immediately to support decision-making, but they point out the need to negotiate the prices of drugs available for mucosal leishmaniasis and indicates the need of encouraging technology transfer or other actions aimed at expanding the performance of the Brazilian national industrial complex.
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Anfotericina B , Antiprotozoarios , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Leishmaniasis Mucocutánea , Antimoniato de Meglumina , Meglumina , Compuestos Organometálicos , Pentoxifilina , Fosforilcolina , Humanos , Fosforilcolina/análogos & derivados , Fosforilcolina/economía , Fosforilcolina/uso terapéutico , Leishmaniasis Mucocutánea/tratamiento farmacológico , Leishmaniasis Mucocutánea/economía , Antiprotozoarios/economía , Antiprotozoarios/uso terapéutico , Anfotericina B/economía , Anfotericina B/uso terapéutico , Brasil , Meglumina/economía , Meglumina/uso terapéutico , Antimoniato de Meglumina/uso terapéutico , Antimoniato de Meglumina/economía , Compuestos Organometálicos/uso terapéutico , Compuestos Organometálicos/economía , Pentoxifilina/economía , Pentoxifilina/uso terapéutico , Quimioterapia Combinada/economía , Programas Nacionales de Salud/economíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To measure the direct cost of treating acute ischemic stroke (IS) from the perspective of a public hospital in Brazil (HCFMB) and compare it with the reimbursement by the Unified Health System (SUS), through the Procedure Table Management System, Medicines, Orthoses/Prostheses and Special Materials of the Unified Health System (SIGTAP). METHODS: We performed a micro-costing study; four scenarios were evaluated: standard (1); alteplase (2); alteplase and mechanical thrombectomy (3); mechanical thrombectomy (4). Based on the number of patients hospitalized for ischemic stroke in 2019, hospital cost, and SUS billing were calculated for each scenario. Hospital costs were adjusted for inflation using CCEMG-EPPI-Centre Cost Converter. RESULTS: In 2019, 258 patients were hospitalized due to IS, 89.5% in scenario 1, 8% in scenario 2, 1.5% in scenario 3, 1% in scenario 4. From the hospital's perspective, the cost per patient was estimated at R$7780.13, R$15 741.23, R$28 988.49, R$25 739.79, for scenarios 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The reimbursement by SIGTAP was estimated at R$3079.87, R$5417.21, R$10 901.92, R$10 286.28, respectively. If thrombectomy had been included in the SIGTAP, the last two values would be R$25 393.34 and R$24 248.89. CONCLUSIONS: The hospital cost of treating acute IS in 2019 was estimated at R$2 295 209, the SUS reimbursement at R$889 391.54. With the inclusion of thrombectomy at SIGTAP, this reimbursement would be R$975 282.44, and the loss in the cost of HCFMB per patient in relation to reimbursement by the SUS is greater in scenarios without this procedure.
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BACKGROUND: Proper treatment for brucellosis is crucial to eradicate the infection and prevent complications, but there is a notable gap in evidence for pediatric treatment. This study aims to address this gap by reviewing current literature, analyzing the efficacy and safety of brucellosis treatment in children, and identifying areas that require further investigation. METHODS: A systematic review, following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses and Cochrane Handbook guidelines, assessed antimicrobial regimens' efficacy and safety for treating human brucellosis in children. Original human studies with clinical outcomes after drug therapy intervention for children up to 10 years were included. Searches were conducted in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and LILACS databases for studies indexed until March 6, 2023. Study selection, data extraction, and bias risk assessment were performed by pairs of reviewers. The quality assessment used Joanna Briggs Institute tools and grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation system. Data were analyzed using R software. RESULTS: A total of 1773 records were reviewed, yielding 11 eligible studies encompassing 1156 children. All included studies presented an observational design. The most reported treatment approaches included sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim with rifampicin or aminoglycosides, with summarized failure rates of 2% (95% confidence interval: 0.0-0.49) and 13% (95% confidence interval: 0.06-0.29), respectively (very low certainty of evidence). Adverse events and time to defervescence were not reported. CONCLUSIONS: Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim + rifampicin were the most prescribed antibiotics for brucellosis for pediatrics. The study highlights the need for more research with robust designs, and emphasizes uncertainty regarding the efficacy of antimicrobial regimens, emphasizing the importance of further investigations to guide specific treatment protocols for this population.
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Antibacterianos , Brucelosis , Humanos , Brucelosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Niño , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Rifampin/uso terapéutico , Combinación Trimetoprim y Sulfametoxazol/uso terapéutico , Preescolar , Aminoglicósidos/uso terapéutico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Brucellosis, a widely spread zoonotic disease, poses significant diagnostic challenges due to its non-specific symptoms and underreporting. Timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective patient management and public health control. However, a comprehensive comparative review of available diagnostic tests is lacking. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: This systematic review addressed the following question: 'What is the accuracy of the available tests to confirm human brucellosis?' Two independent reviewers examined articles published up to January 2023. The review included original studies reporting symptomatic patients with brucellosis suspicion, through any index test, with sensitivity and/or specificity as outcomes. As exclusion criteria were considered: sample size smaller than 10 patients, studies focusing on complicated brucellosis, and those lacking essential information about index or comparator tests. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed, with consideration for the index test, and 'culture' and 'culture and standard tube agglutination test (SAT)' were used as reference standards. Bias assessment and certainty of evidence were carried out using the QUADAS-2 and GRADE tools, respectively. A total of 38 studies reporting diagnostic test performance for human brucellosis were included. However, the evidence available is limited, and significant variability was observed among studies. Regarding the reference test, culture and/or SAT are deemed more appropriate than culture alone. Rose Bengal, IgG/IgM ELISA, and PCR exhibited equally high performances, indicating superior overall diagnostic accuracy, with very low certainty of the evidence. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This systematic review underscores the potential of the Rose Bengal test, IgG/IgM ELISA, and PCR as promising diagnostic tools for brucellosis. However, the successful implementation and recommendations for their use should consider the local context and available resources. The findings highlight the pressing need for standardization, improved reporting, and ongoing advancements in test development to enhance the accuracy and accessibility of brucellosis diagnosis.
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Brucelosis , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Brucelosis/diagnóstico , Humanos , Brucella/inmunología , Brucella/aislamiento & purificación , Pruebas Diagnósticas de Rutina/métodos , Pruebas Diagnósticas de Rutina/normas , Pruebas de AglutinaciónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Human brucellosis is a neglected, re-emerging, and endemic zoonosis in many countries. The debilitating and disabling potential of the disease is a warning about its morbidity, generating socioeconomic impact. This review aims to update the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of therapeutic options for human brucellosis using the network meta-analysis (NMA). METHODOLOGY: A systematic search was conducted in four different databases by independent reviewers to assess overall therapy failure, adverse events, and time to defervescence associated with different therapies. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating any therapeutic drug intervention were selected, excluding non-original studies or studies related to localized forms of the disease or with less than 10 participants. Data were analyzed by frequentist statistics through NMA by random effects model. The risk of bias and certainty of evidence was assessed, this review was registered at PROSPERO. RESULTS: Thirty-one (31) RCTs involving 4167 patients were included. Three networks of evidence were identified to evaluate the outcomes of interest. Triple therapy with doxycycline + streptomycin + hydroxychloroquine for 42 days (RR: 0.08; CI 95% 0.01-0.76) had a lower failure risk than the doxycycline + streptomycin regimen. Doxycycline + rifampicin had a higher risk of failure than doxycycline + streptomycin (RR: 1.96; CI 95% 1.27-3.01). No significant difference was observed between the regimens when analyzing the incidence of adverse events and time to defervescence. In general, most studies had a high risk of bias, and the results had a very low certainty of evidence. CONCLUSIONS: This review confirmed the superiority of drugs already indicated for treating human brucellosis, such as the combination of doxycycline and aminoglycosides. The association of hydroxychloroquine to the dual regimen was identified as a potential strategy to prevent overall therapy failure, which is subject to confirmation in future studies.
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Antibacterianos , Brucelosis , Doxiciclina , Quimioterapia Combinada , Metaanálisis en Red , Estreptomicina , Humanos , Brucelosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antibacterianos/efectos adversos , Doxiciclina/uso terapéutico , Doxiciclina/efectos adversos , Estreptomicina/uso terapéutico , Hidroxicloroquina/uso terapéutico , Hidroxicloroquina/efectos adversos , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Rifampin/uso terapéutico , Rifampin/efectos adversos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic brought new challenges and lessons were learnt for health services. In the field of pharmaceutical care, several interventions have been proposed to optimize and expand the response capacity of services. OBJECTIVE: To identify and characterize interventions performed in the management of pharmaceutical services during the COVID-19 pandemic in universal public health systems. METHODS: A rapid literature review was conducted and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022360902). Systematic searches in the MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and Virtual Health Library databases were conducted to identify interventions and practices adopted for the management of pharmaceutical care during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS: Thirteen articles reporting interventions developed in six countries were included. The interventions were summarized under three major themes: actions for continuous access to medicines, logistical measures for acquisition and storage, and organizational strategies. Telepharmacy services stand out as a typical action adopted in different services, which highlights the use and consolidation of digital technologies in these services. Strategies for process management were described and focused on the reorganization of the internal service of pharmacies, flow of services, and people management. CONCLUSIONS: Many interventions were developed during the pandemic, some of which have already been incorporated into routine service delivery. Although the studies did not measure the effect of each intervention, the strategies developed are a source of information for the future delivery of care. Studies should be conducted to evaluate the potential of similar interventions in other health emergency contexts.
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COVID-19 , Servicios Farmacéuticos , Humanos , Salud Pública , Pandemias/prevención & controlRESUMEN
This study aimed to identify the regulatory framework and federal guidelines that support the process of implementing health technologies in the Unified Health System (SUS) through analysis of documents and legislation related to the National Health Technology Management Policy, published between 2009 and 2021. The search and selection of documents and subsequent data extraction were carried out. The documents were grouped into three categories: structural regulatory documents, recommendations on evaluation of technologies, and recommendations on clinical guidelines. In 38.8% of the regulatory documents, citations to implementation related mainly to SUS clinical guidelines were identified; however, no document dedicated to guiding implementation actions was identified. Recommendations related to implementations were identified in 27.1% of the reports and 66.1% of the guidelines, although without standardization and, in general, in little detail, focusing on resources and actions needed for making technology available rather than on methods and interventions for its implementation. The results evidence a gap in formal guidelines to guide the implementation process in Brazil, representing an opportunity for the development of models aligned with the reality of the SUS.
O objetivo foi identificar o arcabouço regulatório e as orientações federais que sustentam o processo de implementação de tecnologias em saúde no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), por meio da análise de documentos e legislações relacionados à Política Nacional de Gestão de Tecnologias de Saúde, publicados entre 2009 e 2021. Foi realizada busca e seleção dos documentos e posterior extração de dados, agrupados por três categorias: normativas estruturantes, recomendações na avaliação de tecnologias e recomendações nas diretrizes clínicas. Em 38,8% das normativas, foram identificadas citações à implementação relacionadas principalmente às diretrizes clínicas do SUS, mas nenhum documento dedicado a orientar as ações de implementação. As recomendações relacionadas às implementações foram identificadas em 27,1% dos relatórios e em 66,1% das diretrizes, mas sem padronização e, de modo geral, pouco detalhadas, com foco em recursos e ações necessárias para a disponibilização da tecnologia, ao invés de métodos e intervenções para implementação. Os resultados confirmam a existência de uma lacuna de diretrizes formais para guiar o processo de implementação no Brasil, o que se constitui em oportunidade para o desenvolvimento de modelos alinhados à realidade do SUS.
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Tecnología Biomédica , Salud Pública , Humanos , Brasil , Programas de Gobierno , TecnologíaRESUMEN
Resumo O objetivo foi identificar o arcabouço regulatório e as orientações federais que sustentam o processo de implementação de tecnologias em saúde no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), por meio da análise de documentos e legislações relacionados à Política Nacional de Gestão de Tecnologias de Saúde, publicados entre 2009 e 2021. Foi realizada busca e seleção dos documentos e posterior extração de dados, agrupados por três categorias: normativas estruturantes, recomendações na avaliação de tecnologias e recomendações nas diretrizes clínicas. Em 38,8% das normativas, foram identificadas citações à implementação relacionadas principalmente às diretrizes clínicas do SUS, mas nenhum documento dedicado a orientar as ações de implementação. As recomendações relacionadas às implementações foram identificadas em 27,1% dos relatórios e em 66,1% das diretrizes, mas sem padronização e, de modo geral, pouco detalhadas, com foco em recursos e ações necessárias para a disponibilização da tecnologia, ao invés de métodos e intervenções para implementação. Os resultados confirmam a existência de uma lacuna de diretrizes formais para guiar o processo de implementação no Brasil, o que se constitui em oportunidade para o desenvolvimento de modelos alinhados à realidade do SUS.
Abstract This study aimed to identify the regulatory framework and federal guidelines that support the process of implementing health technologies in the Unified Health System (SUS) through analysis of documents and legislation related to the National Health Technology Management Policy, published between 2009 and 2021. The search and selection of documents and subsequent data extraction were carried out. The documents were grouped into three categories: structural regulatory documents, recommendations on evaluation of technologies, and recommendations on clinical guidelines. In 38.8% of the regulatory documents, citations to implementation related mainly to SUS clinical guidelines were identified; however, no document dedicated to guiding implementation actions was identified. Recommendations related to implementations were identified in 27.1% of the reports and 66.1% of the guidelines, although without standardization and, in general, in little detail, focusing on resources and actions needed for making technology available rather than on methods and interventions for its implementation. The results evidence a gap in formal guidelines to guide the implementation process in Brazil, representing an opportunity for the development of models aligned with the reality of the SUS.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the profile of dispensation of mental health drugs by analyzing trends in use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic within the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde [SUS]). Methods: Pharmacoepidemiological study based on the retrospective analysis of records regarding the dispensation of psychotropic medicines in the SUS database in the state of Minas Gerais between 2018 and 2021, considering the periods before (2018-2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021). A database with the records of dispensation of municipalities was created, and the consistency of releases was verified using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. Medicine consumption was measured in a defined daily dose (DDD) per 1,000 inhabitants/day for SUS, and the difference between periods was evaluated using Student's t-test. Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in the consumption of psychotropic drugs in SUS-MG. The most consumed medicines were fluoxetine hydrochloride, diazepam and phenobarbital sodium (DDD=5.89; 3.42; 2.49) in the Basic Pharmaceutical Services Component(CBAF), and olanzapine, risperidone and quetiapine hemifumarate (DDD=0.80; 0.47; 0.38) in the Specialized Pharmaceutical Services Component (CEAF). The highest percentage increase in consumption was attributed to clonazepam (75.37%) and lithium carbonate (35.35%), in CBAF, and levetiracetam (3,000.00%) and memantine hydrochloride (340.0%) in CEAF. Conclusion: The change in the psychotropic drug dispensation profile during the COVID-19 pandemic highlights the need to produce more studies to complete, confirm or rule out this profile and monitor the use of psychotropic drugs by the population in the post-pandemic context.
RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o perfil de dispensação de medicamentos da saúde mental analisando o uso antes e durante a pandemia de COVID-19 no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Métodos: Estudo farmacoepidemiológico a partir da análise retrospectiva dos registros de dispensação de psicofármacos na base de dados do SUS no estado de Minas Gerais (MG) nos períodos antes (2018-2019) e durante a pandemia de COVID-19 (2020-2021). Um banco de dados com os registros de dispensação dos municípios foi elaborado, sendo verificada a consistência de lançamento pelo teste de Análise de Variância (ANOVA). O consumo dos medicamentos foi mensurado em dose diária definida (DDD) por 1.000 habitantes/dia para o SUS, sendo a diferença entre os períodos avaliada pelo teste estatístico t de Student. Resultados: Durante a pandemia de COVID-19 houve aumento no consumo de psicofármacos no SUS-MG. Os medicamentos mais consumidos foram cloridrato fluoxetina, diazepam e fenobarbital sódico (DDD=5,89; 3,42; 2,49) no componente básico (CBAF), e olanzapina, risperidona e hemifumarato de quetiapina (DDD=0,80; 0,47; 0,38) no componente especializado da Assistência Farmacêutica (CEAF). Os maiores aumentos percentuais no consumo foram atribuídos ao clonazepam (75,37%) e carbonato de lítio (35,35%) no CBAF e levetiracetam (3.000,00%) e cloridrato de memantina (340,00%) no CEAF. Conclusão: A alteração do perfil de dispensação de psicotrópicos durante a pandemia de COVID-19 alerta quanto à necessidade de produção de mais estudos a fim de completar, confirmar ou afastar este perfil e monitorar o uso de psicofármacos pela população no contexto pós-pandêmico.
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Resumo A satisfação dos usuários é um importante critério para avaliar a qualidade dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS). O objetivo foi avaliar a satisfação de usuários dos principais CAPS de uma região de Minas Gerais e seus fatores associados. Foi realizado um estudo transversal em 11 CAPS, os usuários foram entrevistados para aplicação da Escala de Avaliação da Satisfação dos Usuários com os Serviços de Saúde Mental e um formulário semi-estruturado com variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. Os usuários estavam satisfeitos com os CAPS, sobretudo quanto à competência dos profissionais, acolhida e ajuda recebida no serviço. Condições físicas e conforto do serviço obtiveram os menores escores na escala de avaliação de satisfação. Verificou-se que quase metade dos usuários não conhecia aspectos básicos de sua terapia medicamentosa, como o nome dos medicamentos em uso, e um terço relatou que já fez uso inadequado destes. Os usuários dos CAPS álcool e drogas ou de serviços de médio porte estavam mais satisfeitos que os dos CAPS saúde mental ou serviços com funcionamento 24h. Os usuários estão satisfeitos com o modelo de atenção praticado nos CAPS, embora detectada a necessidade de melhorias na estrutura física, mecanismos de participação e empoderamento dos usuários.
Abstract Patient satisfaction is an important criterion for assessing the quality of Brazilian mental health services at Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS - from the Portuguese 'Centro de Atenção Psicossocial'). The aim of this study was to evaluate the satisfaction of users at the main CAPS in a region of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, as well as associated factors. This was a cross-sectional study with 11 CAPS. Patients were interviewed using the Patient Satisfaction with Mental Health Services Scale (SATIS-BR) and a semi-structured questionnaire containing sociodemographic and clinical variables. The users were satisfied with the CAPS, particularly in terms of staff competence and the welcome received and care provided. The physical facilities and comfort at the centers obtained the lowest satisfaction scores on the scale. Almost half of the users were unfamiliar with basic aspects of their drug therapy, such as the name of medicines, and one-third reported inappropriate use of medications. Users of midsize CAPS and those providing treatment for alcohol and drug addiction were more satisfied than patients at mental health or 24-hour CAPS. Although this study identified a need for improvement in physical facilities, mechanisms of participation and patient empowerment, the users were satisfied with the CAPS care model.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Satisfacción del Paciente , Competencia Clínica , Personal de Salud/normas , Servicios de Salud Mental/organización & administración , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/rehabilitación , Alcoholismo/rehabilitación , Trastornos Mentales/terapia , Servicios de Salud Mental/normas , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
OBJETIVOS: Avaliar os aspectos legais e indicadores do uso racional de medicamentos em prescrições emitidas nos serviços de saúde mental. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliadas prescrições de farmácias/unidades de dispensação dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial eleitos como referência para o atendimento de usuários da saúde mental, localizados na região denominada Médio Paraopeba, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foi elaborado um formulário semiestruturado para a coleta de dados, que incluiu os indicadores de prescrição da Organização Mundial da Saúde e os critérios de adequação das prescrições em relação aos requisitos exigidos pela Portaria nº 344/1998 da Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. RESULTADOS: Foram analisadas 390 prescrições, cujo número médio de medicamentos prescritos em cada uma foi de 2,17. Observou-se que 96,78% dos medicamentos foram prescritos pelo nome genérico e 97,13% deles estavam na lista de medicamentos essenciais dos municípios. Aspectos legais das prescrições foram atendidos para diversos critérios: 99,23% das prescrições apresentaram assinatura do prescritor, 98,97% apresentaram data e 97,69% continham informações mínimas para compreensão do usuário sobre o uso do medicamento. Em nenhum dos serviços as prescrições dispensadas apresentaram registro completo de todos os dados dos pacientes e as informações referentes aos medicamentos dispensados, conforme previsto na legislação. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria das prescrições analisadas apresentou adequação aos requisitos legais da prescrição e níveis satisfatórios nos valores dos indicadores relacionados ao uso racional de medicamentos. No entanto, informações sobre o controle e registro da dispensação dos medicamentos estavam incompletas nos serviços avaliados, apontando deficiências na identificação dos pacientes e rastreabilidade dos medicamentos dispensados.
AIMS: To evaluate the legal aspects and indicators of rational drug use in prescriptions issued by mental health services. METHODS: Prescriptions dispensed by pharmacies of reference of the Psychosocial Care Centers located in the Medio Paraopeba region, Minas Gerais, Brazil, were evaluated. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed for the collection of data, including the World Health Organization prescribing indicators and the criteria for compliance of prescriptions with the Brazilian legislation. RESULTS: A total of 390 prescriptions were analyzed, and the average number of drugs in each prescription was 2.17. It was observed that 96.78% of the drugs were prescribed by their generic names and that 97.13% were on the essential medicines list of municipalities. Legal aspects of the prescriptions were met for several criteria: 99.23% of the prescriptions had the prescriber's signature, 98.97% showed the date of issue, and 97.69% contained minimum information for the user regarding the use of the medications. None of the assessed health centers issued prescriptions with all the necessary patient data and with information about the dispensed medications, as required by law. CONCLUSIONS: The study indicated that most of the prescriptions analyzed complied with the legal requirements and that the indicators of rational medication use were satisfactory. However, information on dispensing control and records of users was incomplete, demonstrating problems with patient identification and with the traceability of dispensed medicines.
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Humanos , Salud Mental , Medicamentos bajo Prescripción , Servicios de Salud Mental , Utilización de MedicamentosRESUMEN
Resumo O estudo avaliou as condições da Assistência Farmacêutica (AF) nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) por meio de um estudo transversal em 15 CAPS na região do Médio Paraopeba, Minas Gerais. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de observação direta dos CAPS e entrevistas com farmacêuticos e gestores da AF. Os instrumentos foram baseados em indicadores propostos pela OMS, documentos técnicos para organização da AF, na legislação e recomendações que visam as Boas Práticas Farmacêuticas. Foram identificadas 13 unidades de dispensação, sendo nove delas internas aos CAPS. Os serviços apresentaram listas de medicamentos essenciais atualizadas e alta disponibilidade dos principais utilizados nos tratamentos da saúde mental. Todas as cidades participavam de um consórcio intermunicipal para aquisição de medicamentos. A identificação completa dos medicamentos estava presente em apenas sete serviços e todos apresentaram falhas na rastreabilidade dos que foram dispensados. Nos CAPS há apenas um profissional farmacêutico em parte do período de funcionamento e foi identificada apenas uma atividade direcionada aos usuários relacionada ao uso de medicamentos em um dos CAPS. Verificou-se a necessidade de maior participação do farmacêutico no controle e padronização das atividades dos CAPS e principalmente nas atividades assistenciais compondo a equipe de referência em Saúde Mental.
Abstract The study evaluated the conditions of Pharmaceutical Assistance (PA) in Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS) through a cross-sectional study in 15 CAPS located in the Médio Paraopeba region of the State of Minas Gerais. Data collection was conducted through direct observation of CAPS and interviews with pharmacists and managers of PA. The instruments were based on indicators proposed by the WHO, technical documents for the organization of PA, from legislation and recommendations seeking pharmaceutical Best Practices. There were 13 dispensing units, nine of them within the CAPS. The services presented updated lists of essential medicines with high availability of the main drugs used in mental health treatment. All of the cities participated in an inter-municipal consortium for the purchase of medicines. The complete identification of drugs was present in only seven services and all had failings in traceability of medicines dispensed. In the CAPS there is only one pharmacist during part of the operating period. The need for greater participation of the pharmacist was observed in the control and standardization of the activities of CAPS and especially in care activities comprising the benchmark team in Mental Health.
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Humanos , Farmacéuticos/organización & administración , Servicios Farmacéuticos/organización & administración , Trastornos Mentales/tratamiento farmacológico , Servicios de Salud Mental/organización & administración , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Entrevistas como Asunto , Medicamentos EsencialesRESUMEN
Objetivo: avaliar as instalações físicas, recursos humanos e atividades desenvolvidas nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) da região do Médio Paraopeba, Minas Gerais, Brasil, em 2014. Métodos: estudo de avaliação sobre aspectos das dimensões de estrutura e processo propostos por Donabedian, baseado nas recomendações do Ministério da Saúde e legislação vigente, por meio de formulários semiestruturados para entrevista com gestores e observação direta nos CAPS. Resultados: em 12 dos 14 CAPS estudados, foram encontradas todas as estruturas físicas mínimas recomendadas, equipe de profissionais completa e em número superior ao estipulado pela legislação; a utilização de espaços comunitários, comunicação e troca de informações com os demais pontos da rede de atenção era deficiente em grande parte dos serviços. Conclusão: embora houvesse adequação na maioria dos aspectos, observaram-se deficiências; a definição de critérios e a atualização de legislações são necessárias para melhoria dos serviços e atendimento da proposta de trabalho em rede.
Objective: to evaluate the physical facilities, human resources and activities developed in the Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS) in the region of Médio Paraopeba, Minas Gerais, Brazil, in 2014. Methods: this is an evaluation study of the dimensions of structure and processes proposed by Donabedian, based on recommendations of the Ministry of Health and current laws; semi-structured forms were used to interview health managers; direct observation of mental health services was performed. Results: in 12 of the 14 CAPS studied, it was found the minimum recommended of physical facilities and full professional staff and in greater number than established by law; the use of community spaces, communication and exchange of information with other units of health care network was deficient in most of the centers. Conclusion: although most of the aspects were suitable, some deficiencies were observed; criteria definition and legislation updates are necessary to improve health services and to accomplish the proposal of network service.
Objetivos: evaluar las instalaciones físicas, los recursos humanos y las actividades desarrolladas en los Centros de Atención Psicosocial (CAPS) en la región Médio Paraopeba, Minas Gerais, Brasil, en 2014. Métodos: estudio descriptivo que evaluó aspectos de las dimensiones de estructura y procesos propuestas por Donabedian, basadas en recomendaciones del Ministerio de Salud y las leyes existentes a través de un cuestionario semi-estructurado para entrevistar los gerentes y la observación directa de CAPS. Resultados: en 12 de los 14 CAPS incluidos en el estudio se encontraron todas las estructuras físicas mínimas recomendadas, y personal profesional completo en mayor número de lo que la ley estipula; el uso de los espacios comunitarios, la comunicación y el intercambio de información con otros puntos de la red de atención es deficiente en la mayoría de los servicios. Conclusión: aun cuando existía una adecuación en la mayoría de los aspectos evaluados, observamos deficiencias; la definición de criterios y actualización de legislaciones son necesarias para mejorar los servicios y atención de la propuesta de trabajo en la red.