RESUMEN
At this stage in the development of nutriciological science, it has not been established if biologically active substances are essential to the human body; however, an explanation of the physiological role of minor biologically active substances is necessary to clarify the qualitative composition of Nutrioma. Of particular interest is the transition metal, vanadium. Adding vanadium to the diet of animals with induced or genetically determined type 2 diabetes mellitus normalizes glucose and blood insulin levels, reduces insulin resistance, promotes ß-cell regeneration, and has a beneficial effect on lipid metabolism. Clinical studies of the effectiveness of vanadium are not convincing, in most part, because of their insufficient duration. The review briefly discusses the main mechanisms of the action of vanadium compounds. Therapeutic doses of vanadium compounds may overlap with toxic doses. Organic vanadium compounds could be used in significantly lower doses. The main problem with the possible use of vanadium compounds in antidiabetic therapy is the balance between their beneficial effects and the connected risks of side effects.
Asunto(s)
Metabolismo de los Hidratos de Carbono/efectos de los fármacos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Trastornos del Metabolismo de los Lípidos , Compuestos de Vanadio , Animales , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Glucosa , Humanos , Metabolismo de los Lípidos , Compuestos de Vanadio/farmacologíaRESUMEN
The authors present a review of literature on the involvement of perinatal and postnatal mercury exposure in the pathogenesis of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD). A number of studies have shown a reliable association between perinatal and postnatal exposure to mercury and ASD development aa well as clinical and laboratory markers of the severity of these disorders. However the association was not confirmed in other studies. Such contradictions may be explained by differences in the composition of study groups, including geographical characteristics, and the influence of the factors related to mercury neurotoxicity.
Asunto(s)
Trastorno del Espectro Autista , Intoxicación del Sistema Nervioso por Mercurio , Mercurio , Trastorno del Espectro Autista/etiología , Biomarcadores , Femenino , Humanos , Mercurio/efectos adversos , EmbarazoRESUMEN
The study of elemental status was carried out as a result of a multielement analysis of hair by ICP-MS within the framework of the Federal Program "National System of chemical and biological security of the Russian Federation, 2009-2014". This parameter is an index of the impact of the environment on the body. A total of 1,138 adult residents of the Republic of Bashkortostan (624 women and 514 men aged of25-50 years) were examined. The features of the element status of the adult population of the Republic were shown. The obtained data can be used as reference values of chemical elements in the hair of the adult population of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
