[Hereditary neuromuscular diseases in the Samara region]. / Nasledstvennye nervno-myshechnye zabolevaniia v Samarskoi oblasti.

The paper presents the results of clinical-genealogic and electromyographic examination of 1157 patients with hereditary neuromuscular diseases from 689 families. Based on the long-term genetic registry and application of the computer multi-dimensional mathematical analysis, the authors elaborated clinical-electromyographic criteria for different forms of hereditary neuromuscular diseases by taking into account their etiologic heterogeneity. There were also general regularities and specific features of motor disorders indifferent clinical forms and at different stages of the pathological process. The findings are used by the Samara Medical-Genetic Center in its work.

[Clinical genealogical and electrophysiological analysis of the hereditary sensorimotor neuropathies in the region of Samara]. / Kliniko-genealogicheskii i élektrofiziologicheskii analiz nasledstvennykh motorno-sensornykh nevropatii v Samarskoi.

The paper presents the results of clinical-genealogical and electrophysiological (electromyography, evaluation of the autonomic system's state) examination of patients with hereditary motor-sensory neuropathies, which were included in the long-term registry of Samara region. Some genetic features of the disease have been revealed (intrafamilial polymorphism of different degree, effect of the ancestor in the dominant forms). Electrophysiological peculiarities of the separate clinical-genealogical variations of the pathology, the dynamics of pathophysiological changes in course of disease were found. Obligation of involvement of the autonomic structures in the pathological process is shown (on the example of changes of the indices of cardiointervalography and of the evoked dermal sympathetic potentials). Clinical genealogical and pathophysiological characteristics of the three variations of the hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy revealed in the region of Samara are provided; that was a basis for early diagnosis of the disease and for its differential diagnosis as well as for the choice of the correcting therapy.

[The use of intravascular laser therapy in ischemic disorders of cerebral circulation]. / Ispol'zovanie vnutrisosudistoi lazerterapii pri ishemicheskikh narusheniiakh mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniia.

The article presents the results of treatment of cerebrovascular disorders by invasive helium-neon radiation of the blood. The analysis of clinical efficiency of laser and drug therapy by means of combined using of vegetative and neurophysiologic indices was performed. There were 289 patients. 2 groups were formed: with adrenergic and cholinergic hyperreactivity. Characteristics of the vegetative neurodynamic action of helium-neon laser (HNL) therapy were presented. Some peculiarities of the photoneurodynamic HNL action in treatment of ischemic disturbances of the cerebral hemodynamics were established. Some recommendations concerning selective correction of cerebral disturbances by means of HNL are provided.

[New technology in plastic surgery]. / Novaia tekhnologiia v plasticheskoí khirurgii.

A new model of biorhythm of wound process is proposed with due consideration for the neurodynamic features of its stages. The first phase of repair process is denoted as the tonic (trophotropic) and the second as the physical (ergotropic). In an aseptic wound the repair morphogenesis takes about two weeks, with the tonic effects predominating during the first week and ergotropic processes during the second week. This results in complete taking in of the autotransplant with formation of a fine cicatrice which does not deform the transplanted flap. Impairment of the biorhythm of wound process can involve excessive development of both trophotropic and ergotropic tendencies, rendering a pathologic direction to repair processes. Either tonic or physical component of trophic provision is then boosted and fixed, and hence, wound healing is delayed, which leads to formation rough deforming cicatrices.

[The relationship of the therapeutic efficacy of immunoglobulin against tick-borne encephalitis to the specific activity of the preparation and the times of its administration]. / Sviaz' lechebnoi éffektivnosti immunoglobulina protiv kleshchevogo éntsefalita so spetsificheskoi aktivnost'iu preparata i srokami ego vvedeniia.

A controlled clinical trial included 115 patients with meningeal and focal tick-borne encephalitis, 38 of them received nonspecific treatment alone, 77 were given adjuvant intramuscular immunoglobulin against tick-borne encephalitis. The latter are shown to improve much more rapidly than patients treated only symptomatically. When calculating adequate immunoglobulin doses, it is necessary to take in consideration not only the amount of the compound, but also the concentration of the specific antibodies. The authors propose treatment schemes for patients with meningeal and focal tick-borne encephalitis.

[Extrapyramidal dyskinesias and their neurosurgical treatment]. / Ekstrapiramidnye diskinezii i ikh neirokhirurgicheskoe lechenie.

The clinico-pathophysiological analysis of the main forms of extrapyramidal dyskinesias is discussed. The authors distinguish 2 main forms of hyperkinesias and dystonias which are designated conditionally phasic and tonic. Stereotaxic interventions on deeply located brain structures (ventrolateral complex of thalamic nuclei, subthalamic region, putamen, dentate nuclei of cerebellum) are substantiated anatomicofunctionally. On the basis of the results of 569 stereotaxic operations the indications and contraindications for various types of operative interventions were elaborated. The result was good in 26.7% of patients, considerable improvement occurred in 32%, mild improvement in 32.6%, no changes occurred in the condition of 5.2% of patients.

[Pathophysiological mechanisms of torsion dystonia]. / Patofiziologicheskie mekhanizmy torsionnoi distonii.

Sixty-three patients were subjected to clinico-electrophysiological examination for precise definition of the features of pathogenesis of the tonic and clonic forms of generalized torsion dystonia. Stimulation electromyography was conducted by the generally accepted method with determination of the composition of motor neurons involved in the reflex response. Torsion dystonia was found to be a pathogenetically heterogeneous disease. Registration of the motor neurons involved in the reflex response yielded additional information on the pathogenetic features of this disease.

[Stereotaxic surgery in the hyperkinetic form of infantile cerebral palsy]. / Stereotaksicheskie operatsii pri giperkineticheskoi forme detskogo tserebral'nogo paralicha

The results of 67 stereotaxic operations performed in 60 patients for the hyperkinetic form of infantile cerebral paralysis are presented. The efficacy of dentatotomy is compared with that of thalamotomy. Thalamotomy is most effective in patients with hemiatetosis and choreoatetoid hyperkinesis. Dentatotomy resulted not only in a reduction of hyperkinesis, but also in a considerable alleviation of muscle spasticity. The destruction of the lateral part of nuclels dentatus caused predominantly a reduction of the muscle tone and of involuntary movements of the lower extremities, and--to a lesser degree--of the upper as well. The destruction of the medial part of the nucleus dentatus resulted in a clear reduction of muscle dystony in the trunk.