Efficacy and safety of Ruxolitinib, Crisaborole, and Tapinarof for mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis: a Bayesian network analysis of RCTs.

Given the lack of head-to-head studies of novel non-steroidal molecule topical therapies in mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis (AD), network meta-analyses (NMAs) can provide comparative efficacy and safety data for clinical decision-making. In this NMA, we performed a literature search until 01 March 2023 for eligible studies written in English using databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Only double-blind randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with topical Ruxolitinib, Crisaborole, or Tapinarof versus vehicle for patients with mild-to-moderate AD were included. Baseline and follow-up data were extracted. Efficacy was evaluated using Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) achieving "clear" or "almost clear," with 2 points or more improvement from baseline at the end of treatment, referred to as "IGA success." For binary outcomes, we analyzed in random-effects Bayesian NMA consistency models to compare the efficacy of these 3 topical therapies by odds ratio (OR) with 95% credibility interval (CrI). Overall, 10 phase 2 or phase 3 RCTs were identified, which included 4010 patients with mild to moderate AD. Compared with the topical vehicle control, all these 3 treatments had higher response rate of "IGA success" at the end of trial (Ruxolitinib 1.5% b.i.d: OR, 11.94; 95%CrI, 6.28-23.15; Crisaborole 2% b.i.d: OR, 2.08; 95%CrI, 1.46-3.52; Tapinarof 1% b.i.d: OR, 2.64; 95%CrI, 0.75-9.70). Notably, Ruxolitinib 1.5% b.i.d. had the highest probability of achieving "IGA success" in ranking analysis (Rank 1, SUCRA = 0.75) and lower risk of AE (Rank 8, SUCRA = 0.22). Besides, there was no difference in treatment-related adverse events between 3 therapies. Heterogeneity was not significant across studies.

Identification of Pla a 7 as a novel pollen allergen group in Platanus acerifolia pollen.

BACKGROUND: Platanus acerifolia is recognized as a source of allergenic pollen worldwide. Currently, five Platanus acerifolia pollen allergens belonging to different protein families have been identified, in which profilin and enolase were characterized by our group recently. Besides, we also screened and identified a novel allergen candidate as triosephosphate isomerase, which was different from already known types of pollen allergens. However, the role of this novel allergen group in Platanus acerifolia pollen allergy was unclear. Therefore, we further investigated the allergenicity and clarify its clinical relevance in this study. METHODS: The natural triosephosphate isomerase from Platanus acerifolia pollen was purified by three steps of chromatography and identified by mass spectrometry. The cDNA sequence of this protein was matched from in-house transcripts based on internal peptide sequences, which was further confirmed by PCR cloning. The recombinant triosephosphate isomerase was expressed and purified from E. coli. Allergenicity analysis of this protein was carried out by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblot, and basophil activation test. RESULTS: A novel allergen group belonging to triosephosphate isomerase was firstly identified in Platanus acerifolia pollen and named as Pla a 7. The cDNA of Pla a 7 contained an open reading frame of 762 bp encoding 253 amino acids. The natural Pla a 7 displayed 41.4% IgE reactivity with the patients' sera by ELISA, in which the absorbance value showed correlation to the serum sIgE against Platanus acerifolia pollen extract. Inhibition of IgE-binding to pollen extracts reached 26%-94% in different Pla a 7-positive sera. The recombinant Pla a 7 exhibited weaker IgE-reactivity in ELISA than its natural form, but showed comparable activity in immunoblot. The allergenicity was further confirmed by basophil activation test. CONCLUSIONS: Triosephosphate isomerase (Pla a 7) was first recognized as pollen allergen in Platanus acerifolia pollen, which is a completely different type of pollen allergen from those previously reported. This finding is essential to enrich information on allergen components and pave the way for molecular diagnosis or treatment strategies for Platanus acerifolia pollen allergy.

Nomograms for predicting the prognosis of patients with penoscrotal extramammary Paget's disease: A retrospective study in the SEER database and two medical centers.

Background: Extramammary Paget' s disease (EMPD) is a rare cutaneous malignant tumor, and the prognostic factors associated with penoscrotal EMPD remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate prognostic factors and construct nomograms to predict the outcome of patients with EMPD located in the penis or scrotum. Methods: From the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database, we extracted 95 patients with primary EMPD located in the penis or scrotum as the training cohort. Forty-nine penoscrotal EMPD patients were included from two medical centers as the external validation cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression model were applied to investigating risk factors of cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). Based on the results of multivariate Cox regression analysis, the nomograms were constructed for predicting CSS and OS of patients with penoscrotal EMPD. The concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves were applied to evaluate the practicability and accuracy of the nomograms. Results: In the training cohort, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that marital status and tumor stage were independent factors of CSS, and marital status, tumor stage and surgery are associated with OS independently in patients with penoscrotal EMPD. Based on these results, we developed nomograms to predict CSS and OS respectively. The C-index values were 0.778 for CSS, and 0.668 for OS in the training set, which displayed the good discriminations. In the external validation set, the C-index values were 0.945 for CSS, and 0.703 for OS. The areas under the curve (AUC) values of nomogram predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year CSS were 0.815, 0.833, and 0.861 respectively, and 0.839, 0.654, and 0.667 for nomogram predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS respectively. In the validation set, the AUC values of nomogram predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year CSS were 0.944, 0.896, and 0.896 respectively, and 0.777, 0.762 and 0.692 for nomogram predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS respectively. Additionally, the internal calibration curves also proved that our nomograms have good accuracy. Conclusions: By incorporating marital status, tumor stage and/or surgery, our nomograms can efficiently predict CSS and OS of patients with penoscrotal EMPD.

Purification and characterization of enolase as a novel allergen in Platanus acerifolia pollen.

BACKGROUND: The pollen from Platanus acerifolia (P. acerifolia) is one of the main causes of allergic disorders. To date, only 4 allergens have been identified from this pollen. But previous studies showed that there still exist under-recognized allergens in it. The aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate the newly identified enolase (Pla a 6) as a novel allergen in the P. acerifolia pollen. METHODS: The natural (n) Pla a 6 was purified by combined chromatographic strategies. According to the identified internal peptides, the cDNA sequence encoding this allergen was matched from the mRNA-sequencing results of P. acerifolia pollen, which was further amplified and cloned. The recombinant (r) Pla a 6 was expressed and purified from E. coli. The allergenicity of this novel allergen was characterized by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot, inhibition ELISA, and basophil activation test (BAT). RESULTS: A novel allergen from P. acerifolia pollen, named as Pla a 6 was thoroughly studied, which contained an open reading frame of 1338 bp encoding 445 amino acids. The IgE-binding activity of nPla a 6 was initially proved by Western-blot, and a similar IgE-binding pattern to rPla a 6 was also exhibited. Moreover, the positivity for specific IgE against rPla a 6 was tested as 45.95% (17/37) by ELISA, and IgE binding to pollen extract could be inhibited up to 45.77% by 10 µg/ml of rPla a 6. The protein was also confirmed to activate patients' basophils. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, a novel allergen belonging to enolase family was comprehensively investigated and characterized through its natural and recombinant forms in P. acerifolia pollen. The study will contribute to the development of novel molecular-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for P. acerifolia pollen allergy.

A novel signature constructed by ferroptosis-associated genes (FAGs) for the prediction of prognosis in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) and associated with immune infiltration.

BACKGROUND: Ferroptosis, a novel form of regulated cell death, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cancers. Nevertheless, the potential function and prognostic values of ferroptosis in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) are complex and remain to be clarified. Therefore, we proposed to systematically examine the roles of ferroptosis-associated genes (FAGs) in BLCA. METHODS: According to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, differently expressed FAGs (DEFAGs) and differently expressed transcription factors (DETFs) were identified in BLCA. Next, the network between DEFAGs and DETFs, GO annotations and KEGG pathway analyses were performed. Then, through univariate, LASSO and multivariate regression analyses, a novel signature based on FAGs was constructed. Moreover, survival analysis, PCA analysis, t-SNE analysis, ROC analysis, independent prognostic analysis, clinicopathological and immune correlation analysis, and experimental validation were utilized to evaluate the signature. RESULTS: Twenty-eight DEFAGs were identified, and four FAGs (CRYAB, TFRC, SQLE and G6PD) were finally utilized to establish the FAGs based signature in the TCGA cohort, which was subsequently validated in the GEO database. Moreover, we found that immune cell infiltration, immunotherapy-related biomarkers and immune-related pathways were significantly different between two risk groups. Besides, nine molecule drugs with the potential to treat bladder cancer were identified by the connectivity map database analysis. Finally, the expression levels of crucial FAGs were verified by the experiment, which were consistent with our bioinformatics analysis, and knockdown of TFRC could inhibit cell proliferation and colony formation in BLCA cell lines in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: Our study identified prognostic ferroptosis-associated genes and established a novel FAGs signature, which could accurately predict prognosis in BLCA patients.

Age-Related Differences in Molecular Profiles for Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies have significantly improved the prognosis and shown considerable promise for cancer therapy; however, differences in ICB treatment efficacy between the elderly and young are unknown. We analyzed the studies enrolled in the meta-analysis using the deft approach, and found no difference in efficacy except melanoma patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy. Similarly, higher treatment response rate and more favorable prognosis were observed in elderly patients in some cancer types (e.g., melanoma) with data from published ICB treatment clinical trials. In addition, we comprehensively compared immunotherapy-related molecular profiles between elderly and young patients from public trials and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and validated these findings in several independent datasets. We discovered a divergent age-biased immune profiling, including the properties of tumors (e.g., tumor mutation load) and immune features (e.g., immune cells), in a pancancer setting across 27 cancer types. We believe that ICB treatment efficacy might vary depending on specific cancer types and be determined by both the tumor internal features and external immune microenvironment. Considering the high mutational properties in elderly patients in many cancer types, modulating immune function could be beneficial to immunotherapy in the elderly, which requires further investigation.

The Identification and Validation of a Robust Immune-Associated Gene Signature in Cutaneous Melanoma.

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous melanoma is defined as one of the most aggressive skin tumors in the world. An increasing body of evidence suggested an indispensable association between immune-associated gene (IAG) signature and melanoma. This article is aimed at formulating an IAG signature to estimate prognosis of melanoma. METHODS: 434 melanoma patients were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and 1811 IAGs were downloaded from the ImmPort database in our retrospective study. The Cox regression analysis and LASSO regression analysis were utilized to establish a prognostic IAG signature. The Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis was performed, and the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was further applied to assess the predictive value. Besides, the propensity score algorithm was utilized to balance the confounding clinical factors between the high- and low-risk groups. RESULTS: A total of six prognostic IAGs comprising of INHA, NDRG1, IFITM1, LHB, GBP2, and CCL8 were eventually filtered out. According to the KM survival analysis, the results displayed a shorter overall survival (OS) in the high-risk group compared to the low-risk group. In the multivariate Cox model, the gene signature was testified as a remarkable prognostic factor (HR = 45.423, P < 0.001). Additionally, the ROC curve analyses were performed which demonstrated our IAG signature was superior to four known biomarkers mentioned in the study. Moreover, the IAG signature was significantly related to immunotherapy-related biomarkers. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that the six IAG signature played a critical role in the prognosis and immunotherapy of melanoma, which might help clinicians predict patients' survival and provide individualized treatment.

A twelve-gene signature for survival prediction in malignant melanoma patients.

BACKGROUND: Melanoma is defined as a highly mutational heterogeneous disease containing numerous alternations of the molecule. However, due to the phenotypically and genetically heterogeneity of malignant melanoma, conventional clinical characteristics remain restricted or limited in the ability to accurately predict individual outcomes and survival. This study aimed to establish an accurate gene expression signature to predict melanoma prognosis. METHODS: In this study, we established an RNA sequencing-based 12-gene signature data of melanoma patients obtained from 2 independent databases: the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We evaluated the quality of each gene to predict survival conditions in each database by employing univariate and multivariate regression models. A prognostic risk score based on a prognostic signature was determined. This prognostic gene signature further classified patients into low-risk and high-risk groups. RESULTS: Based on a prognostic signature, a prognostic risk score was determined. This prognostic gene signature further divided the patients into low-risk and high-risk groups. In the chemotherapy and radiotherapy groups of the TCGA cohort and V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) expression group in the GEO cohort, patients in the low-risk group had a longer survival duration compared to patients in the high-risk group. Nevertheless, the immunotherapy group in the TCGA database and neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog (NRAS) expression group in the GEO database had no significant differences in statistics. Moreover, this gene signature was associated with patient prognosis regardless of whether the Breslow depth was greater than or less than 3.75 mm. Stratified gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that certain immune-related pathways, such as the T-cell signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, and primary immunodeficiency, were significantly enriched in the low-risk group of both TCGA and GEO cohorts. This information implied the immune-related properties of the 12-gene signature. CONCLUSIONS: Our study emphasizes the significance of the gene expression signature in that it may be an indispensable prognostic predictor in melanoma and has great potential for application in personalized treatment.

m6A RNA methylation regulators correlate with malignant progression and have potential predictive values in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been reported to be involved in several biological processes in tumors. In this study, we found that most of the m6A RNA methylation regulators were not only differentially expressed between clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and normal but also among ccRCC stratified by different clinicopathologic characters. Two ccRCC subgroups, cluster 1 and 2, were identified using consensus clustering based on the expression of m6A methylation regulators. Although no obvious differences were observed between two subgroups regarding clinicopathologic characters, except gender, patients in cluster 1 had a relatively more favorable survival rate than cluster 2. Moreover, we established a risk signature with two m6A methylation regulators, METTL3 and METTL14, which was not only of great value for prognosis prediction but also closely associated with clinicopathological features. In conclusion, m6A RNA methylation regulators play an important role in ccRCC progression and are potentially favorable for prognostic stratification.

[Effects of Xialiqi Capsules on the expressions of PCNA and caspase-3 in rats withbenign prostatic hyperplasia].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of Xialiqi Capsules(XLQ) on the expressions of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and caspase-3 in the prostate tissue of the BPH rat model. METHODS: Fifty male SD ratswereequally randomized into groups A (sham operation control), B (BPH model control), C (high-dose XLQ), D (low-dose XLQ), and E (finasteridecontrol) andthe BPH modelswere established by subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate at 0.5 mg per kilogram of the body weight per day for 30 days after castration. After modeling, the animals in groups A and B were treated intragastricallywith normal saline, while those in C, D, and E with XLQ at 1.20 and 0.61 g per kilogram of the body weight per day or finasterideat 0.8 mg per kilogram of the body weight per day, respectively, all for 30 days. Then,the bilateral prostates were harvestedfrom the rats for calculation of the prostatic index (prostate wet weight/ body weight) and determination of the expressions of PCNA and caspase-3 in the prostate tissue by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. RESULTS: The prostate wet weight and prostate index were significantly increased in group B as compared with group A, (ï¼»1326±60ï¼½ vsï¼»471±17ï¼½ g, P<0.01; ï¼»2.89±0.18ï¼½ vs ï¼»1.06±0.06ï¼½ mg/g, P<0.01), but decreased in groups C (ï¼»914±36ï¼½ g;ï¼»2.02±0.08ï¼½ mg/g), D (ï¼»1 099±46ï¼½g;ï¼»2.39±0.11ï¼½ mg/g), and E (ï¼»817±53ï¼½ g;ï¼»1.83±0.10ï¼½ mg/g)in comparison with B (P<0.01), with statistically significant differences among groups C, D, and E(P<0.01) and most significantly in E.The PCNA level in the prostate tissue wasremarkably higher in group B than in A, but lower in groups C, D and E than in B. The expression of caspase-3 was down-regulatedin group B as compared with A, but up-regulated in groups C, D and E in comparison with B, most significantly in E. CONCLUSIONS: Xialiqi Capsules can effectively reduce the prostate wet weight and prostatic index of in rats with BPH by inhibiting the level of PCNA and promoting the expression of caspase-3.

[Prognostic factors of penis-sparing surgery for early-stage penile cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors influencing the prognosis of penis-sparing surgery (PSS) for early-stage penile cancer. METHODS: We retrospectively studied the clinical data about 45 cases of early-stage penile cancer treated by PSS from January 2007 to December 2014. We calculated the rate of local recurrence-free survival by the Kaplan-Meier method, and conducted univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses on the relevant factors including the patient's age, marital status, tumor location, tumor size, postoperative sexual life, histological grade, and TNM stage. RESULTS: One-year and three-year local recurrence-free survival rates were 95.5% and 52.2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the histological grade (P = 0.039) and postoperative sexual life (P = 0.049) were independent factors for the prognosis of PSS. Logistic regression showed the patients age to be significantly associated with histological grade (P = 0.014). CONCLUSION: Histological grade and postoperative sexual life are important independent prognostic factors of PSS for early-stage penile cancer, and the patients age is associated with the prognosis of PSS through its influence on the tumor grade.

Prognostic significance of microRNA-200c in various types of cancer: An updated meta-analysis of 34 studies.

Previous studies have indicated that miR-200c is a promising cancer biomarker. However, different studies have presented conflicting results. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to perform a meta-analysis of miR-200c based on 34 relevant studies. The Materials and methods sections of papers were carefully identified using the databases PubMed, Web of Science and Embase for publications up to December 4, 2015. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were systematically calculated to investigate the association between the expression of miR-200c and cancer prognosis. The results demonstrated that elevated expression levels of miR-200c indicated significantly worse overall survival rates (HR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.85), and a high level of miR-200c was considered an indicator of an unfavorable prognosis in patients from Europe and America (HR=1.85, 95% CI: 1.27, 2.69). Furthermore, overexpression of miR-200c was significantly associated with progression of the disease in the subgroups of tissue and blood samples (HR=0.68 and 2.45, respectively), and inferior overall survival rates for the blood subgroup were revealed (HR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.04, 4.72). In addition, miR-200c was of prognostic value in several disease subgroups. Taken together, high expression levels of miR-200c are of significant prognostic value in various human malignancies.

Risk factors and negative consequences of patient's delay for penile carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Delayed first medical consultation (patient's delay) is quite common in cases of penile carcinoma (PC), but its reasons and impacts remain unclear. We conducted this study to ascertain risk factors resulting in delayed treatment seeking and evaluate its influence on prognosis. METHODS: From 2004 to 2010 at 4 centers, 254 patients were enrolled into this study from 262 consecutive PC cases. Patients' sexual performance was investigated using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-15 at the sixth-month end after treatment. Data for prognostic analyses was obtained via a 5-year follow-up. RESULTS: A multivariate model ascertained 4 risk factors (single, living in rural areas, heavy drinking alcohol, and aspecific initial symptoms) and 1 protective factor (history of condyloma) significantly associated with patient's delay. Delay >3 months led to significant risks for adverse clinical characteristics, low penis-sparing rate, and poor sexual function restoration. Although patient's delay was not found to impact on postoperative relapses and 5-year overall survival (OS), patients with delay >6 months had significantly inferior 2-year OS. CONCLUSIONS: Single, living in rural areas, heavy drinking alcohol, and aspecific initial symptoms are significant risk factors of PC associated with patient's delay. Delay >3 months will lead to significantly inferior clinical consequences. Minimizing patient's delay is the key to avoid amputation and retain superior sexual potency. Improving patient education on initial symptoms of PC is necessary in men of >40 years old.

[Association of the deleted DAZ gene copy related to gr/gr and b2/b3 deletions with spermatogenic impairment].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation of the deleted azoospermia (DAZ) gene copy related to gr/gr and b2/b3 deletions in the AZFc region with male spermatogenic impairment. METHODS: This study included 121 infertile men with different de- grees of spermatogenic impairment and 95 healthy donors from the sperm bank. Using PCR, PCR-RFLP, and Y chromosome specific sequence tagged sites (STS) , we analyzed the association of DAZ gene copy deletions related to gr/gr and b2/b3 deletions in the AZFc region with spermatogenic impairment. RESULTS: There were 15 cases of gr/gr deletion (12. 40% ) and 6 cases of b2/b3 deletion (4.96%) in the infertility group as compared with 13 cases of gr/gr deletion (13.68%) and 1 case of b2/b3 deletion (1.05%) in the control. Analysis of the DAZ-specific single nucleotide variant (SNV) loci revealed 11 gr/gr-DAZI/DAZ2 deletions (9.09%), 4 gr/gr-DAZ3/DAZ4 deletions (3.31%), and 6 b2/b3-DAZ1/DAZ2 deletions (4.96%) in the infertile men in comparison with 3 gr/ gr-DAZ1/DAZ2 deletions (3.16%), 10 gr/gr-DAZ3/DAZ4 deletions (10.53%), and 1 b2/b3- DAZ3/DAZ4 deletion (1.05%) in the control. CONCLUSION: Partial deletions of gr/gr and b2/b3 exist in both healthy men and male patients with different degrees of spermatogenic impairment and cannot be considered as a risk factor for spermatogenesis impairment. However, deletions of different DAZ duplicons in gr/gr and b2/b3 deletions have different effects on spermatogenesis. DAZ1/DAZ2 instead of DAZ3/DAZ4 deletions might be associated with spermatogenesis impairment.

[Corporoplasty using autologous tunica vaginalis graft for Peyronie's disease].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of corporoplasty with autologous tunica vaginalis graft in the treatment of Peyronie's disease. METHODS: Ten patients with Peyronie's disease underwent plaque excision and corporoplasty with autologous tunica vaginalis graft. We obtained and compared IIEF-5 scores of the patients before and at 1 and 5 years after operation. RESULTS: After surgery, penile curvature was obviously relieved and all the patients achieved normal penile erection and satisfactory sexual intercourse without erection-related pain or recurrent erectile dysfunction. The mean IIEF-5 score was significantly improved at 1 year (22.40±1.08) and 5 years postoperatively (23.00±1.14) as compared with the baseline, (19.20±2.28) (P<0.05 or 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Corporoplasty with autologous tunica vaginalis graft is a safe, simple and effective option for the treatment of Peyronie's disease, though its definite efficiency is to be further supported by large-sample clinical studies.

[Application of microdissection testicular sperm extraction in non-obstructive azoospermia].

The development of testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has made it possible for patients with non-obstructive azoospermia to have their own children. However, sperm retrieval by conventional TESE succeeds but in a subset of patients and, therefore, how to improve the success rate of sperm retrieval is becoming a focus of research. Recent studies suggest that microdissection TESE, although with its limitations, has obvious advantages over traditional sperm retrieval methods. This article presents an overview on the characteristics, predictive factors, sperm retrieval rate, post-operative complications, and improvement of microdissection TESE.

[Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNA in prostate cancer].

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors as well as a frequent cause of cancer-related mortality in men worldwide. The test of serum markers has dramatically improved the early diagnosis of PCa, but its underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet completely identified. Long noncoding RNA (IncRNA) is emerging as a new player in the PCa paradigm demonstrating its potential roles in both oncogenic and tumor suppressive pathways. LncRNA is frequently aberrantly expressed in the majority of PCa cases. This review highlights recent findings of the aberrant expression of lncRNA in PCa and discusses its novel roles in the diagnosis, prediction, prognosis, metastasis, and potential clinical treatment of PCa.