First case of bloodstream infection of Trichosporon loubieri in a patient with B-cell lymphocytic leukemia in China.

Trichosporon loubieri is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus that could causes invasive infections for human, which rarely been reported. In the present study, we reported a case of bloodstream infection from a patient with Ph-positive B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL) due to Trichosporon loubieri. Trichosporon loubieri was identified by Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene sequencing. The patient was treated by intravenous voriconazole (VCZ) and amphotericin B (AmB) according to antifungal susceptibility testing and he was still alive so far. To the best of our knowledge, this is the fourth report of human bloodstream infection due to Trichosporon loubieri and the first survival case of its kind in an immunocompromised patient.

The Characterization of OXA-232 Carbapenemase-Producing ST437 Klebsiella pneumoniae in China.

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) was epidemic around the world and become a global threat to public health. The most important carbapenem-resistant mechanism is producing carbapenemases, especially Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), which is prevalent in the international clonal complex CC11. The high-risk multidrug-resistant CC11 is widespread worldwide, and KPC-producing and (New Delhi metallo) NDM-producing strains had been reported in this clonal complex before; moreover, cases with the CC11 strain faced more severe forms of drug resistance and treatment challenges than other clonal complexes. In this study, we identified an OXA-232-producing ST437 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate in China, which belonged to CC11. The isolate was resistant to ß-lactams, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones but susceptible to fosfomycin, tigecycline, and colistin. The bla OXA-232 gene was located on a 6141 bp ColKP3-type nonconjugative plasmid, and the plasmid was transformed by chemical transformation successfully. This is the first report of OXA-232-producing ST437 K. pneumoniae in China, a new clone of high-risk multidrug-resistant CC11.

Dynamic change process of target genes by RT-PCR testing of SARS-Cov-2 during the course of a Coronavirus Disease 2019 patient.

We report the dynamic change process of target genes by RT-PCR testing of SARS-Cov-2 during the course of a COVID-19 patient: from successive negative results to successive single positive nucleocapsid gene, to two positive target genes (orf1ab and nucleocapsid) by RT-PCR testing of SARS-Cov-2, and describe the diagnosis, clinical course, and management of the case. In this case, negative results of RT-PCR testing was not excluded to diagnose a suspected COVID-19 patient, clinical signs and symptoms, other laboratory findings, and chest CT images should be taken into account for the absence of enough positive evidence. This case highlights the importance of successive sampling and testing SARS-Cov-2 by RT-PCR as well as the increased value of single positive target gene from pending to positive in two specimens to diagnose laboratory-confirmed COVID-19.

Investigation of antibiotic resistance determinants and virulence factors of uropathogenic Escherichia coli.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are prevalent throughout the world resulting in a major public health burden. In this research, we isolated and identified 28 MDR UPEC from one university hospital in China, investigated MDR and pathogenic mechanisms by PCR, including 55 antibiotic resistance determinants (ARDs) genes, 13 genetic markers of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and 6 virulence factors (VFs) genes. In these isolates, we identified 23 ARDs genes and 6 genetic markers of MGEs that played a key role in MDR phenotypes. In addition, we found 2 VFs genes, hofQ and ompT, which could be associated with pathogenicity and invasiveness of these strains in urinary tract infections (UTIs).