PROFESSIONAL RISKS FOR AGRICULTURAL PERSONNEL TREATING BERRIES AND MELON CROPS WITH PESTICIDES.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Нygienic assessment of labour conditions and risks for the Ukrainian agricultural personnel treating berries and melon crops with fungicides, herbicides and insecticides for justification of their safe use regulations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Natural studies of labour conditions and risk correspond to the acting laws of Ukraine. The results were statistically treated using IBM SPSS StatisticsBase v.22. RESULTS: Results: The natural studies of fungicides, insecticides, used for treatment of berries and melon crops, show that labour air environment corresponds to hygienic standards. The authors have established that the hazard index of complex fungicides effect on spray fueling attendants and tractor drivers is 0.110}0.046 and 0.155}0.071, that of herbicides - 0.34}0.025 and 0.380}0.257, that of insecticides - 0.221}0.111 and 0.222}0.110, respectively; hazard index of combined effect of several acting substances makes up- 0.239}0.088 and 0.336}0.140 for spray fueling attendants and tractor drivers, respectively. The statistical analysis shows that the hazard coefficients of inhalation and percutaneous penetration do not differ statistically between spray fueling attendants and tractor drivers (р>0.05). The percutaneous risk (%) of various pesticide groups for spray fueling attendants ranges 65.74-97.58 %, for tractor drivers - 50.72-95.23 %. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The analysis has shown that the professional risk of fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, during agricultural treatment of the berries and melon crops does not exceed standards.

THE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT OF FUNGICIDES RESIDUAL QUANTITIES CONTROL METHODS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DOMESTIC REGULATORY BASE HARMONIZATION.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To develop highly sensitive analytical methods for the determination of the systemic phenylamide class fungicide - Metalaxyl-M residues in watermelons and grapes to reduce the risk of hazardous effects on workers' and public health. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Conditions for Metalaxyl-M detection by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) using a chromatographic capillary column SH-Rxi-5ms (length - 30 m, inner diameter - 0.25 mm, layer thickness - 0.25 µm) were determined. The optimal conditions for chromatography of Metalaxyl-M were established: column thermostat temperature - 220°Ð¡, evaporator temperature - 260 °Ð¡, detector temperature - 280 °Ð¡. The retention time under these conditions was 3,384 ± 0.1 minutes. The linear detection range is 0.01 to 0.05 mg / kg. The calibration dependence of the tested substance peak area on its concentration was established and described by the linear regression equation. RESULTS: Results: We found that the most sensitive method for chromatography of Metalaxyl-M is the method of using a capillary column SH-Rxi-5ms on a gas chromatograph Shimadzu Nexis 2030. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The developed GC methods correspond to modern requirements, are selective and allow to control the Metalaxyl-M content in the matrices of the studied crops and can be used as a marker of the safety of agricultural products grown with fungicides containing Metalaxyl-M application. We found that the most sensitive method for Metalaxyl-M chromatography detection is the method with usage of a capillary column SH-Rxi-5ms on a gas chromatograph Shimadzu Nexis 2030.

Experimental study on the carcinogenic effects of pesticides with ascertained carcinogenic activity under the conditions of its simultaneous influence on the organism of laboratory animals.

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: It is known that pesticides have both short-term and long-term effects of the action on the human body. Today, taking into account the growth rate of the agricultural crops protection means' market and the expansion of the range of pesticide mixtures and combined formulations, there is a need for a more in-depth study of its possible effects on the environment and the human body. Recently, a new fungicide containing a mixture of two active substances, benthiavalicarb isopropyl and folpet, was introduced for application in Ukraine. Considering the possible influence of both substances on the enzyme systems involved in the xenobiotic metabolism, potentiation of its carcinogenic action in the formulation can be expected. No genotoxic effect was revealed studying in vivo studies the mutagenic activity of both substances isolated. Therefore, both substances are epigenetic carcinogens with a promoter threshold mechanism of action. In this regard, the promoter action of these substances was studied by us in the mid-term test on a multi-organ model. The aim: The purpose of our work was an experimental study of the carcinogenic action of benthiavalicarb-isopropyl and folpet - substances with ascertained carcinogenic activity, under the conditions of its simultaneous influence on the organism of laboratory animals (rats and mice). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Toxicological, toxicometric (weight of animals, absolute, relative mass of internal organs) histological, microscopic, histochemical, and statistical methods were used in the study. RESULTS: Results and conclusions: No combined action of folpet and benthiavalicarb-isopropyl on the proliferation of carcinogen-transformed hepatocytes and the formation of hyperplastic nodules expressing γ-glutamyltranspeptidases (γ-GTP) as markers of pre-tumor changes in hepatocarcinogenesis was revealed. This allows us to conclude that there is no modifying effect of the folpet on carcinogenicity.