RESUMEN
Objectives: To investigate quality of life using the SF-12 scale in euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients on levothyroxine therapy for at least three years. Methods: This prospective case-control study included 44 euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients and 44 matched controls, conducted at a university hospital's endocrinology clinic from 6 November to 30 December 2023. Participants completed the SF-12 questionnaire; data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Yates chi-squared, and Spearman's tests. Results: The study involved 88 participants (Hashimoto's group: 35 females, 9 males; control group: 31 females, 13 males), with average ages of 49.50 and 47.43 years old, respectively. Significant differences were observed in TSH, T4 levels, and family history (p < 0.05). The Hashimoto's thyroiditis group showed higher thyroid peroxidase antibodies (95.69 IU/mL) and lower scores on both physical and mental sub-dimensions of SF-12, with a significant difference in physical scores (p < 0.05). Significant correlations were found between age and Anti-TG; Anti-TPO and Anti-TG; BMI and T3; TSH and T4; HDL and triglycerides; MCS-12 and PCS-12; Anti-TPO and T3; cholesterol and T3; and LDL and cholesterol (p < 0.05). Other variables showed no significant correlations (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our study shows that effective control of hypothyroidism is not sufficient to reduce the negative effects of Hashimoto's thyroiditis on patients' health-related quality of life. Beyond the normalization of hormone levels, comprehensive therapeutic strategies targeting the autoimmune aspects of the disease are essential for the management of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. This study provides a foundation for developing effective therapies that can enhance quality of life for patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
RESUMEN
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the systemic immune inflammation (SII) index and the development of micro and macro complications and mortality within the first year and the following three years in type 2 diabetic retinopathy patients. Materials and Methods: The retrospective study included 523 type 2 diabetic retinopathy patients seen in the endocrinology outpatient clinic of our hospital between January and December 2019. Their demographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The normal distribution of quantitative data was assessed by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Mann-Whitney U, McNemar-Chi-square, and Cochran's Q tests were used to analyze the SII values and complication rates over time. An ROC analysis determined the sensitivity and specificity of SII. A multiple linear regression analysis examined the relationship between variables and SII, while Spearman's test assessed the correlation between CRP and SII. p < 0.05 was accepted as significant. Results: The mean age of patients was 63.5 ± 9.3 years, with mean SII values of 821.4 ± 1010.8. Higher SII values were significantly associated with acute-chronic renal failure, peripheral arterial disease, and hospitalization rates in both the first year and the following three years (p < 0.05 for all). Significant cut-off values for SII were found for micro- and macrovascular complications and death within the first year (p < 0.05 for all). The ROC curve analysis identified an optimal SII cut-off value of >594.0 for predicting near-term (1-year) complications and mortality, with a sensitivity of 73.8% and specificity of 49.4% (area under the ROC curve: 0.629, p = 0.001). Multiple linear regression indicated that smoking of at least 20 pack-years had a significant positive effect on SII. The Spearman test showed a weak positive correlation between SII and CRP. Conclusions: High SII values predict both early and late acute-chronic renal failure, peripheral arterial disease, and hospitalizations in patients with type 2 diabetic retinopathy. The study also shows that high SII values may predict microvascular and macrovascular complications of type 2 DM and mortality risk in the early period in patients with type 2 diabetic retinopathy. In addition, comorbidities and inflammatory habits, such as long-term smoking, should be considered in the clinical use of SII.
