Evaluation of Autonomic Nervous System Function During Sleep by Mindful Breathing Using a Tablet Device: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: One issue to be considered in universities is the need for interventions to improve sleep quality and educational systems for university students. However, sleep problems remain unresolved. As a clinical practice technique, a mindfulness-based stress reduction method can help students develop mindfulness skills to cope with stress, self-healing skills, and sleep. OBJECTIVE: We aim to verify the effectiveness of mindful breathing exercises using a tablet device. METHODS: In total, 18 nursing students, aged 18-22 years, were randomly assigned and divided equally into mindfulness (Mi) and nonmindfulness (nMi) implementation groups using tablet devices. During the 9-day experimental period, cardiac potentials were measured on days 1, 5, and 9. In each sleep stage (sleep with sympathetic nerve dominance, shallow sleep with parasympathetic nerve dominance, and deep sleep with parasympathetic nerve dominance), low frequency (LF) value, high frequency (HF) value, and LF/HF ratios obtained from the cardiac potentials were evaluated. RESULTS: On day 5, a significant correlation was observed between sleep duration and each sleep stage in both groups. In comparison to each experimental day, the LF and LF/HF ratios of the Mi group were significantly higher on day 1 than on days 5 and 10. LF and HF values in the nMi group were significantly higher on day 1 than on day 5. CONCLUSIONS: The correlation between sleep duration and each sleep stage on day 5 suggested that sleep homeostasis in both groups was activated on day 5, resulting in similar changes in sleep stages. During the experimental period, the cardiac potentials in the nMi group showed a wide range of fluctuations, whereas the LF values and LF/HF ratio in the Mi group showed a decreasing trend over time. This finding suggests that implementing mindful breathing exercises using a tablet device may suppress sympathetic activity during sleep. TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN-CTR Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000054639; https://tinyurl.com/mu2vdrks.

Analysis of Gaze Information Patterns of Nurses Gathering Patient Information Using Electronic Health Records.

The objective of this study was to clarify gaze information patterns of nurses gathering patient information using electronic health records. We recorded the electronic health record screen on which nurses' gazes were presented using an eye tracker and analyzed the recorded images. The analysis revealed two types of gaze information patterns of nurses engaged in patient information gathering. However, no regularity was observed in the gaze information patterns of the nurses viewing the electronic health record sections after selecting a patient.

[Effects of SERMs on bone health. SERM and metabolic markers of bone].

Raloxifene is the only SERM available in Japan. The effect on bone metabolism is relatively mild and slow compared with that of bisphosphonates, and reaches plateau after 6th month or later. As diurnal variations of metabolic markers, especially urinary markers are large, it is often difficult to confirm the effect of raloxifen on bone by individual base. The strict sampling time before and after treatment, and/or selection of patients with high turnover bone may help to increase the chance to confirm the raloxifene effect. A new type of SERM bone marker such as tartrate resistant acid phosphatase fraction 5b is expected to improve the chance. Some papers suggest the relation between suppression of bone markers by raloxifene and vertebral fractures, but the relation is not usually confirmed due to wide variations of the markers.

The development of the nursing action master file.

The nursing action master was developed through collecting terms used by the nurses. The nursing action terms were classified in 2 of the basics and specialty. The nursing action master consists of four hierarchical structures. Serial numbers and ID are set in every hierarchy. It started from 2006 to supply the master and it is revised every year. The number of the publication records is 1,053 basic nursing practice standard terms.

[Bone and magnesium].

The half of magnesium exists in the bone. Although the long-term magnesium deficiency causes osteoporosis, most of them are accompanied by complications such as malabsorption syndrome or alcohol abuse. The animal models of magnesium deficiency show that the trabecular number or thickness is reduced, and the histological evaluation revealed that the bone formation is reduced, and bone resorption is enhanced. The trabecular bone volume, maximum load and elastic modulus are reduced. Degree of mineralization and trabecular microhardness are decreased in the hemo-dialysis patients, suggesting that bone quality is exacerbated. The magnesium takes part in the various chemical reactions in the body, but its mechanism of the regulation and the effect on the metabolism of bone are not completely understood.