[Alleviation of carotid sinus syncope and removal of cardiac pacing after regression of cervical malignant lymphoma].

A 68-year-old man developed a rapidly-growing right cervical tumor, a biopsy of which allowed for the diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a right cervical mass lesion of 80 mm in diameter that extended from the medial region of the parotid gland to the posterior region of the neck. While undergoing a chest X-ray in an upright position, he lost consciousness and briefly fell. A transient loss of consciousness recurred while changing his position on the bed, and an electrocardiogram at that time revealed sinus arrest of a seven second duration. This syncope was considered to be a carotid sinus syncope (CSS) induced by the compression of the carotid sinus by his cervical bulky lymphoma. Temporary cardiac pacing was immediately started and rituximab was administered. Three days later, CHOP therapy was started. As his cervical tumor rapidly shrank, the frequency of sensed sinus arrests decreased to zero per day by day 9 of CHOP therapy, resulting into the removal of the pacemaker. In certain cases with CSS due to cervical lymphoma, cardiac pacing, if needed at the onset, is considered to become removable early after chemotherapy in association with tumor shrinkage.

Analysis of the clinical factors associated with anal function after intersphincteric resection for very low rectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Intersphincteric resection (ISR) has been used to avoid permanent colostomy in very low rectal cancer patients. This study aimed to assess the surgical safety and oncologic and functional outcomes of ISR. METHODS: The records of 30 consecutive very low rectal cancer patients who underwent ISR without neoadjuvant therapy were retrospectively analyzed; survival and locoregional recurrence rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Incontinence was assessed by a functionality questionnaire and the Wexner score. RESULTS: The median distance between the distal margin of the dentate line was 10 mm. A total of 12, 4, and 14 patients underwent partial ISR, subtotal ISR, and total ISR, respectively. The mean distal resection margin was negative in all cases, and circumferential resection margin was positive in two cases. Morbidity was 33.3%: anastomotic stricture in seven patients, colonic J-pouch prolapse in two patients, and an anovaginal fistula in one patient. During the median, 56.2-month follow-up period, local, distant, and combined recurrences occurred in four, three, and two patients, respectively. The 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 76.5% and 68.4%, respectively. Local recurrence rates were 5.2% for the patients with Tis-T2 tumors as compared with 45.5% for those with T3 tumors (P = 0.008). The mean Wexner scores and stool frequencies, 12 months after stoma closure in 19 patients, were 11.5 and 6.6 per 24 h, respectively. Significant differences were not seen in the Wexner scores between partial ISR and subtotal/total ISR (11.8 ± 2.6 and 9.1 ± 5.6). Stool frequency (P = 0.02), urgency (P = 0.04), and fragmentation (P = 0.015) were worse in patients with anastomotic stricture than in those without; there was no symptom improvement in patients with anastomotic stricture. CONCLUSIONS: The anastomotic strictures in patients undergoing ISR may have negatively affected anal function. For total ISR patients, at least, informed consent stating the possibility of a permanent colostomy is necessary.

Carcinoid tumor of the extrahepatic bile duct: report of a case.

We report a rare case of carcinoid tumor of the extrahepatic bile duct. A 69-year-old woman with a history of hyperthyroidism was diagnosed to have a tumor of the extrahepatic bile duct. Laparotomy, for presumed cholangiocarcinoma, revealed a 2.5-cm-long, firm mass of the hilar-upper bile duct. The extrahepatic bile duct resection and lymphadenectomy was performed. Her postoperative course was uneventful and has been asymptomatic without recurrent tumor during 2 years of follow-up. Primary carcinoid tumors of the extrahepatic bile duct are very rare. Herein we report this rare case with a review of the literature.