RESUMEN
The abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression has been widely investigated. It was reported that the same hairpin RNA structure could generate mature products from each strand, termed 5p and 3p, which binds different target mRNAs. Here, we explored the expression, functions, and mechanisms of miR-514b-3p and miR-514b-5p in CRC cells and tissues. We found that miR-514b-3p was significantly down-regulated in CRC samples, and the ratio of miR-514b-3p/miR-514b-5p increased from advanced CRC, early CRC to matched normal colorectal tissues. Follow-up functional experiments illustrated that miR-514b-3p and miR-514b-5p had distinct effects through interacting with different target genes: MiR-514b-3p reduced CRC cell migration, invasion and drug resistance through increasing epithelial marker and decreasing mesenchymal marker expressions, conversely, miR-514b-5p exerted its pro-metastatic properties in CRC by promoting EMT progression. MiR-514b-3p overexpressing CRC cells developed tumors more slowly in mice compared with control cells, however, miR-514b-5p accelerated tumor metastasis. Overall, our data indicated that though miR-514b-3p and miR-514b-5p were transcribed from the same RNA hairpin, each microRNA has distinct effect on CRC metastasis.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Línea Celular Tumoral , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Ratones Desnudos , MicroARNs/genética , Invasividad Neoplásica , Metástasis de la NeoplasiaRESUMEN
Colorectal cancer includes an invasive stem-like/mesenchymal subtype, but its genetic drivers, functional, and clinical relevance are uncharacterized. Here we report the definition of an altered miRNA signature defining this subtype that includes a major genomic loss of miR-508. Mechanistic investigations showed that this miRNA affected the expression of cadherin CDH1 and the transcription factors ZEB1, SALL4, and BMI1. Loss of miR-508 in colorectal cancer was associated with upregulation of the novel hypoxia-induced long noncoding RNA AK000053. Ectopic expression of miR-508 in colorectal cancer cells blunted epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stemness, migration, and invasive capacity in vitro and in vivo In clinical colorectal cancer specimens, expression of miR-508 negatively correlated with stemness and EMT-associated gene expression and positively correlated with patient survival. Overall, our results showed that miR-508 is a key functional determinant of the stem-like/mesenchymal colorectal cancer subtype and a candidate therapeutic target for its treatment.Significance: These results define a key functional determinant of a stem-like/mesenchymal subtype of colorectal cancers and a candidate therapeutic target for its treatment. Cancer Res; 78(7); 1751-65. ©2018 AACR.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal/genética , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/citología , MicroARNs/genética , Animales , Antígenos CD/biosíntesis , Células CACO-2 , Cadherinas/biosíntesis , Línea Celular Tumoral , Movimiento Celular/genética , Células HCT116 , Células HT29 , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundario , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Endogámicos NOD , Ratones Desnudos , Ratones SCID , Invasividad Neoplásica/genética , Trasplante de Neoplasias , Complejo Represivo Polycomb 1/biosíntesis , ARN Largo no Codificante/biosíntesis , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , Factores de Transcripción/biosíntesis , Trasplante Heterólogo , Homeobox 1 de Unión a la E-Box con Dedos de Zinc/biosíntesisRESUMEN
TEAD4 (TEA domain family member 4) was recently revealed as an oncogenic character in tumorigenesis. However, its role remains unclear in colorectal tumorigenesis. Here, we firstly found that the expression level of TEAD4 was significantly elevated in clinical samples of colorectal adenomas (CRA) and correlated with the size and histological type of CRA. Moreover, patients with higher TEAD4 expression in normal colon mucosa are more prone to be recurrent after polypectomy. TEAD4 knockdown significantly inhibited colorectal cell proliferation in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. RNA-seq and GSEA analysis reveals TEAD4 can probably regulate Hippo pathway and further experiment confirm the downstream target gene YAP1. The subsequent ChIP-qPCR and luciferase report assay indicated that TEAD4 regulated YAP1 by direct binding and transcriptional activation. In summary, our study reveals that TEAD4 plays an important tumor-promoting role in colorectal cancer by directly targeting the YAP1, thus we suggests TEAD4 may be used as a novel biomarker in colorectal tumorigenesis and provides TEAD4/YAP1 axis as a potential therapeutic option for colorectal cancer.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/genética , Carcinogénesis/metabolismo , Carcinogénesis/patología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , Proteínas Musculares/metabolismo , Fosfoproteínas/genética , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Transcripción Genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/metabolismo , Adenoma/genética , Adenoma/patología , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Carcinogénesis/genética , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Femenino , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Técnicas de Silenciamiento del Gen , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones Desnudos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Fosfoproteínas/metabolismo , Unión Proteica , Transducción de Señal , Factores de Transcripción de Dominio TEA , Activación Transcripcional/genética , Proteínas Señalizadoras YAPRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play a role in carcinogenesis. However, the function of lncRNAs in human gastric cancer remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified a novel lncRNA, GClnc1, which was upregulated and associated with tumorigenesis, tumor size, metastasis, and poor prognosis in gastric cancer. GClnc1 affected gastric cancer cell proliferation, invasiveness, and metastasis in multiple gastric cancer models. Mechanistically, GClnc1 bound WDR5 (a key component of histone methyltransferase complex) and KAT2A histone acetyltransferase, acted as a modular scaffold of WDR5 and KAT2A complexes, coordinated their localization, specified the histone modification pattern on the target genes, including SOD2, and consequently altered gastric cancer cell biology. Thus, GClnc1 is mechanistically, functionally, and clinically oncogenic in gastric cancer. Targeting GClnc1 and its pathway may be meaningful for treating patients with gastric cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: This report documents a novel lncRNA, GClnc1, which may act as a scaffold to recruit the WDR5 and KAT2A complex and modify the transcription of target genes. This study reveals that GClnc1 is an oncogenic lncRNA in human gastric cancer. Cancer Discov; 6(7); 784-801. ©2016 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 681.
Asunto(s)
Transformación Celular Neoplásica/genética , Histona Acetiltransferasas/metabolismo , N-Metiltransferasa de Histona-Lisina/metabolismo , Histonas/metabolismo , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Animales , Línea Celular Tumoral , Inmunoprecipitación de Cromatina , Análisis por Conglomerados , Biología Computacional , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Epigénesis Genética , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Xenoinjertos , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Humanos , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular , Masculino , Ratones , Modelos Biológicos , Unión Proteica , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Carga TumoralRESUMEN
The transmembrane protein with epidermal growth factor and two follistatin motifs 2 (TMEFF2) is a single-pass transmembrane protein, and it is downregulated in human gastric cancer and levels correlate with tumor progression and time of survival. However, the mechanism of its dysregulation in gastric cancer is little known. Here we investigate its regulatory mechanism and the bidirectional regulation between TMEFF2 and STAT3 in gastric carcinogenesis. TMEFF2 expression was decreased after Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in vivo and in vitro. STAT3 directly binds to the promoter of TMEFF2 and regulates H. pylori-induced TMEFF2 downregulation in normal gastric GES-1 cells and gastric cancer AGS cells. Conversely, TMEFF2 may suppress the phosphorylation of STAT3 and TMEFF2-induced downregulation of STAT3 phosphorylation may depend on SHP-1. A highly inverse correlation between the expression of TMEFF2 and pSTAT3 was also revealed in gastric tissues. We now show the deregulation mechanism of TMEFF2 in gastric carcinogenesis and identify TMEFF2 as a new target gene of STAT3. The phosphorylation of STAT3 may be negatively regulated by TMEFF2, and the bidirectional regulation between TMEFF2 and STAT3 may contribute to H. pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis.
