RESUMEN
In the Tibetan Plateau (TP) soil water and heat transfer process, soil organic carbon (SOC) and gravel content are considered as the most influential soil texture factors. However, the issues of underestimating SOC and neglecting gravel effect affected the simulation performance of CLM5.0 on soil moisture (SM) and soil temperature (ST). This paper proposed a new parameterization scheme, the organic carbon-gravel (OC-G) scheme, to simulate ST and SM from 1990 to 2018. The results showed that correlation between the simulated and observed ST or SM was higher, and the error was smaller, after the modification of the parameterization scheme. This improvement justifies the applicability of the scheme for soil hydrothermal simulations on the TP. The experiment described that ST and SM were more sensitive to changes in SOC content. And changes in gravel or SOC content had the "Same-Frequency" effect in the northeast and southeast TP. When the SOC and gravel content changed at the same time, the effects on ST and SM were a "cumulative" effect. The change directly affected the memory time of ST and SM in summer. Specifically, when the SOC content was increased, the memory time of SM increased in the northwest and decreased in the southeast. When gravel content was increased, the memory time of SM decreased in the northwest but increased in the southeast, but the memory time of ST remained largely unchanged. Changes to the abnormal duration may alter summer weather and climate in Eastern China.
Asunto(s)
Carbono , Suelo , Tibet , Carbono/análisis , Calor , Agua , ChinaRESUMEN
Phytochemical investigation on the stems and leaves of Trigonostemon howii resulted in the isolation of a new abietane diterpenoid, trigohowimine A (1), along with seven known structurally diverse diterpenoids (2-8). The structure of 1 was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and the known compounds were identified by comparison with data reported in the literature. New compound 1 was evaluated for its cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines: HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7 and SW480. Compound 1 showed significant inhibitory effects against various human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.82 to 8.53 µM.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/aislamiento & purificación , Diterpenos/aislamiento & purificación , Euphorbiaceae/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Diterpenos/química , Diterpenos/farmacología , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Estructura Molecular , Fitoquímicos/análisis , Hojas de la Planta/química , Tallos de la Planta/químicaRESUMEN
A phytochemical investigation on the stems and leaves of Clausena lenis led to the isolation of a new furanocoumarin, clauselenisin A (1), together with five known analogues (2-6). The structure of 1 was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and the known compounds were identified by comparisons with data reported in the literature. All known compounds (2-6) were isolated from C. lenis for the first time. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their their antiproliferative activities against five human cancer cell lines: HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7 and SW480 in vitro. Compounds 1-6 showed significant antiproliferative effects with IC50 values ranging from 0.36 to 16.48 µM.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Clausena/química , Furocumarinas/química , Furocumarinas/farmacología , Células A549 , Línea Celular Tumoral , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales , Células HL-60 , Humanos , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Estructura Molecular , Hojas de la Planta/química , Tallos de la Planta/químicaRESUMEN
A phytochemical investigation on the stems and leaves of Clausena emarginata led to the isolation of a previously undescribed carbazole alkaloid, clausemargine A (1), together with 11 known analogues (2-12). The structure of 1 was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and the known compounds were identified by comparisons with data reported in the literature. All known compounds (2-12) were isolated from C. emarginata for the first time. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their their antiproliferative activities against five human cancer cell lines: HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7 and SW480 in vitro. Compounds 1-12 showed significant antiproliferative effects with IC50 values ranging from 0.28 to 15.18 µM.
Asunto(s)
Alcaloides/química , Alcaloides/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Clausena/química , Carbazoles/química , Línea Celular Tumoral , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales , Humanos , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Estructura Molecular , Hojas de la Planta/químicaRESUMEN
Two novel γ-lactone derivatives, trigoheterophines A (1) and B (2), together with four known furan derivatives (3-6), were isolated from the stems and leaves of Trigonostemon heterophyllus. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and the known compounds were identified by comparing with the data reported in literature. Among them, trigoheterophines A (1) and B (2) represent an unusual type of γ-lactone derivatives, possessing 21 carbon atoms on the carbon skeleton, and known compouds (3-6) are rare furan derivatives in the plant kingdom with diverse long-chain hydrocarbyl groups as substituents at C-4. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative activities against five human cancer cell lines: HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7 and SW480 in vitro. Compounds 1-6 showed significant antiproliferative effects against various human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.28 to 12.06⯵M. These findings suggest that the discoveries of these novel γ-lactone derivatives and furan derivatives with significant antiproliferative activities isolated from T. heterophyllus could be of great importance to the development of new anticancer agents.
Asunto(s)
4-Butirolactona/análogos & derivados , 4-Butirolactona/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Euphorbiaceae/química , 4-Butirolactona/química , 4-Butirolactona/aislamiento & purificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/aislamiento & purificación , Línea Celular Tumoral , Cisplatino/farmacología , Doxorrubicina/farmacología , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales , Humanos , Estructura Molecular , Hojas de la Planta/química , Tallos de la Planta/químicaRESUMEN
Six new polyoxygenated seco-cyclohexenes, artahongkongenes A-F (1-6), together with six known analogues (7-12) were isolated from the stems and leaves of Artabotrys hongkongensis. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods. All new compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines: HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7 and SW480 in vitro. New seco-cyclohexenes 1-6 showed significant inhibitory effects against various human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.26 to 16.58⯵M.
Asunto(s)
Annonaceae/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Ciclohexenos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/aislamiento & purificación , Línea Celular Tumoral , Ciclohexenos/química , Ciclohexenos/aislamiento & purificación , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales , Humanos , Estructura Molecular , Hojas de la Planta/química , Tallos de la Planta/químicaRESUMEN
A new polyoxygenated cyclohexene derivative, artahainanol A (1), together with three known analogues (2-4), was isolated from the stems and leaves of Artabotrys hainanensis. Among them, 1 is an unusual polyoxygenated cyclohexene containing 14 carbon atoms on the carbon skeleton. All known compounds (2-4) were isolated from the genus Artabotrys for the first time. The structure of 1 was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and the known compounds were identified by comparisons with data reported in the literature. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines: HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7 and SW480 in vitro. Compounds 1-4 showed significant inhibitory effects against various human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 2.68 to 18.32 µM.
Asunto(s)
Annonaceae/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Ciclohexenos/química , Ciclohexenos/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales , Células HL-60 , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Células MCF-7 , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Estructura Molecular , Hojas de la Planta/químicaRESUMEN
A new indole alkaloid, 17-O-methyl-19-(Z)-naucline (1), together with seven known alkaloids (2-8), were isolated from the stems and leaves of Nauclea officinalis. The structure of 1 was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and the known compounds were identified by comparisons their data with those reported in the literature. 17-O-methyl-19-(Z)-naucline (1) showed significant inhibitory activity on nitric oxide production induced by lipopolysaccharide in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells in vitro with an IC50 value of 3.6 µM.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/farmacología , Alcaloides Indólicos/química , Alcaloides Indólicos/farmacología , Rubiaceae/química , Animales , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/química , Línea Celular , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Macrófagos/efectos de los fármacos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Ratones , Estructura Molecular , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Hojas de la Planta/química , Tallos de la Planta/químicaRESUMEN
A new monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, 10-methoxyakuammidine (1), together with four known alkaloids (2-5), were isolated from the stems and leaves of Ochrosia elliptica. The structure of 1 was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and the known compounds were identified by comparisons with data reported in the literature. New compound 1 was evaluated for its cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines: HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7 and SW480 in vitro. 1 exhibited inhibitory effects with IC50 values comparable to those of cisplatin.