Prevalence, phenotype, and academic impact of headache among undergraduate health sciences students: a crosssectional study / Prevalência, fenótipo e impacto da cefaleia na performance acadêmica de universitários da área de ciências da saúde: um estudo transversal

Headache is a common neurological condition among university students, and it can impact their academic performance. Objectives: to investigate the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and impact of headache on academic performance among undergraduate students of health sciences. Methods: The study was undertaken during February-June 2021 among a convenience sample of undergraduate students of Campus Lagarto of Federal University of Sergipe (UFS). Data were collected using an online self-administered questionnaire, which comprised a form with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics data and the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS). Results: A total of 154 students participated in the study, with a mean of age of 23.35 ± 5.02 years and 75.9% were females. The overall headache prevalence was 93.5% in the past three months. Of those, 94.4% reported experiencing frequent headaches (≥2 episodes/month), 68.1% described the headache duration between 1-4 hours, with frontal predominance (38.9%), bilateral (50.7%), pulsating/throbbing quality (66.7%), moderate intensity (56.2%). Headache was associated with photophobia (53.9%), phonophobia (32.7%) and nausea (30.5%). Stress or anxiety (80.5%), excessive electronic devices use (68.8%), and sleep disturbance (61.7%) were considered as common triggering factors for headache among the participants. The MIDAS score showed that 73.5% of the students had some disability, and 77.1% stated that headache negatively affect their academic achievements. Conclusion: The prevalence of headache among the students oh health sciences courses was high and negatively impacted their academic performance. Thus, further studies are recommended to design strategies to reduce the headache prevalence and to increase the academic performance of these students.

Cefaleia é uma condição neurológica comum entre estudantes universitários e pode impactar sua performance acadêmica. Objetivos: Investigar a prevalência, características clínicas e o impacto da cefaleia no desempenho acadêmico de estudantes da área da saúde. Métodos: Um total de 154 estudantes participou do estudo, com idade média de 23,35 ± 5,02 anos, sendo 75.9% mulheres. A prevalência de cefaleia foi 93,5% (144/154) nos últimos três meses. Dos estudantes com cefaleia, 94,4% relataram cefaleia frequente (≥2 episódios/mês), 68,1% descreveram duração das crises entre 1 e 4 horas, com predominância frontal (38,9%), bilateral (50,7%), caráter pulsátil (66,7%), e intensidade moderada (56,25%). Cefaleia foi associada com fotofobia, fonobia e náusea em 53.9%, 32,7% e 30,5% dos estudantes, respectivamente. Estresse e ansiedade (80,5%), uso excessivo de aparelhos eletrônicos (68,8%) e distúrbios do sono (61.7%) foram considerados os principais fatores desencadeantes de cefaleia entre os participantes. O score do MIDAS mostrou que 73.5% dos estudantes tinham algum grau de incapacidade e 77.1% dos estudantes relataram impacto negativo da cefaleia em sua performance acadêmica. Conclusão: A prevalência de cefaleia entre os estudantes da área da saúde foi alta e reduziu a performance acadêmica deles. Assim, mais estudos são recomendados para melhorar o conhecimento sobre a epidemiologia da cefaleia entre estes estudantes e aumentar seu desempenho acadêmico.

Portuguese recommendations for the use of biological and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis - 2020 update.

OBJECTIVE: To update the recommendations for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with biological and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs and tsDMARDs), endorsed by the Portuguese Society of Rheumatology (SPR). METHODS: These treatment recommendations were formulated by Portuguese rheumatologists taking into account previous recommendations, new literature evidence and consensus opinion. At a national meeting, in a virtual format, three of the ten previous recommendations were re-addressed and discussed after a more focused literature review. A first draft of the updated recommendations was elaborated by a team of SPR rheumatologists from the SPR rheumatoid arthritis study group, GEAR. The resulting document circulated among all SPR rheumatologists for discussion and input. The level of agreement with each of all the recommendations was anonymously voted online by all SPR rheumatologists. RESULTS: These recommendations cover general aspects such as shared decision, treatment objectives, systematic assessment of disease activity and burden and its registry in Reuma.pt. Consensus was also achieved regarding specific aspects such as initiation of bDMARDs and tsDMARDs, assessment of treatment response, switching and definition of persistent remission. CONCLUSION: These recommendations may be used for guidance of treatment with bDMARDs and tsDMARDs in patients with RA. As more evidence becomes available and more therapies are licensed, these recommendations will be updated.

Transtornos alimentares na infância: uma revisão sistemática / Eating disorders in childhood: a systematic review / Trastornos alimentarios en la infancia: una revisión sistemática

Transtornos alimentares são um tema preocupante em qualquer fase de desenvolvimento humano. Essa revisão da literatura teve o objetivo de analisar as produções científicas quanto a transtornos alimentares em crianças, com a busca de artigos publicados entre 2014-2019 nas bases de dados Scielo, Pepsic, BVS (Lilacs) e Periódicos CAPES, utilizando os termos "childhood" AND "eating disorder", "child" AND "eating disorder", "children" AND "eating disorder", "childhood" AND "eating difficulty". 43 artigos foram selecionados após a aplicação dos critérios de exclusão e inclusão. Os resultados indicaram três tópicos principais discutidos nos estudos: a forma como os cuidadores influenciam na alimentação de crianças, fatores emocionais e psicológicos que influenciam nos transtornos alimentares, e o tratamento de crianças com transtornos alimentares. Concluiu-se que o tema ainda é pouco estudado e o cenário internacional é referência em publicações.

Eating disorders have been a disturbing issue in any stage of human development. This literature review aimed to analyze scientific production regarding eating disorders in children, with the searching for articles published between 2014-2019 in the databases Scielo, Pepsic, BVS (Lilacs) and CAPES journals, using the terms "childhood" AND "eating disorder", "child" AND "eating disorder", "children" AND "eating disorder", "childhood" AND "eating difficulty". 43 articles were selected after applying the exclusion and inclusion criteria. Results indicated three main topics discussed in the studies: how the caregivers influence the children feeding, emotional and psychological factors that influence eating disorders, and the treatment of children with eating disorder. It was concluded that the theme is still little studied, and the international scenario is a reference in publications.

Los trastornos alimentarios siempre han sido motivo de preocupación en cualquier etapa del desarrollo humano; en base a esto, la revisión de la literatura tuvo como objetivo analizar la producción científica con respecto a los trastornos alimentarios en los niños, con la búsqueda de artículos publicados entre 2014-2019 en las bases de datos Scielo, Pepsic, BVS (Lilacs) y CAPES Journals, utilizando los términos "infancia" Y "trastorno alimentario", "niño" Y "trastorno alimentario", "niños" Y "trastorno alimentario", "infancia" Y "Dificultad para comer", con 43 artículos restantes después de aplicar los criterios de exclusión e inclusión. Los resultados indicaron tres temas principales discutidos en los estudios, a saber, cómo los cuidadores influyen en la alimentación de los niños, los factores emocionales y psicológicos que influyen en los trastornos alimentarios y el tratamiento de niños con trastornos alimentarios. Se concluyó que y el escenario internacional se muestra como una referencia en publicaciones.

Spectrofluorimetric analyzes of thiamine and riboflavin in monofloral honey varieties of africanized bees (Apis mellifera).

This research aimed to study the validation of a viable and low-cost spectrofluorimetric method, capable of detecting and quantifying B vitamins in floral varieties of bee honey. The analyzes were performed using chemical and operational methods of pre-defined solutions and standards, performed in triplicate and the results expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The data were recorded in a Microsoft Office Excel spreadsheet (version 2013) and studied using the statistical program Bioestatic version 3.0. The calibration curves of the vitamins showed the linearity and precision of the method. Subsequently, a descriptive analysis of the data was performed, being considered normal in the Lilliefors normality tests. Finally, the data were subjected to Pearson's correlation test, showing positive and strong correlations, with r (Pearson) ranging from 0.7619 to 1. Honey had positive results regarding the detection and quantification of vitamins B1 and B2 through the spectrofluorimetric method.

Evaluation of the efficacy of a commercially available regimen vs brushing alone on established plaque and gingivitis on adolescents: Study protocol for a randomized, controlled, blind clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Dental biofilm accumulation and poor personal oral hygiene are known major risk factors for gingivitis and halitosis. However, it is not clear how studies compare the effectiveness of hygiene regimens, associated with outcomes centered on patients. METHODS: A randomized, blind, controlled clinical trial involving 58 participants aged from 12 to 17 years, who search the Department of Pediatric Dentistry of Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, will be conducted. Immediately, the volunteers will be inserted into Group 1 (commercially available hygiene regimen) or Group 2 (tooth brushing alone). In Group 1, participants will receive Colgate Total 12 toothpastes, Plax mouthwashes and Colgate Ultrasoft toothbrushes, while Group 2 will use Colgate Cavity Protection toothpastes and Colgate Ultrasoft toothbrushes. The interventions will be conducted in the periods of 1, 3, and 6 months after the baseline, when the evaluations will also be performed. Biofilm and halitosis indexes will be evaluated. Data regarding discomfort, satisfaction and the socioeconomic/individual characteristics will also be computed. DISCUSSION: Although toothbrushing has shown positive effects in decreasing biofilm and in gingival health, there is no comparison in the literature of different brushing regimens with halitosis measurement in adolescents. In addition, the effectiveness of these protocols would be confirmed from the acceptability of the volunteers.

Reproductive biology of Erythrolamprus jaegeri coralliventris (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) in the Brazilian Coastal Pampa.

We analyzed reproductive biology of Erythrolamprus jaegeri coralliventris, a snake from the Brazilian Pampa. Females presented larger snout-vent length than males, while no significant differences were found in tail length/snout-vent length ratios between sexes. Females attain sexual maturity in larger sizes than males. The reproductive cycle of females presented a seasonal pattern, with advanced vitellogenesis occurring from middle winter to middle spring and oviductal eggs occurring from middle winter to middle summer. The real fecundity ranged from two to eigth eggs and the expected fecundity varied from one to 12 secondary follicles. No significant correlation was found between females body size and the following parameters: real fecundity, length of the largest egg and potential fecundity. Therefore, E. j. coralliventris presents a seasonal reproductive pattern, which seems to follow the rainfall profile observed for the studied region. This may represent a strategy of energy gain associated to the reproductive cycle, considering that the food resources most explored by this species are anurans that present higher activity during rainy periods.

Autopercepção da gestão do tempo de lazer e sua associação com a satisfação, felicidade e estresse ocupacional em orientadores da Pós-Graduação / Self-perception of leisure time management and association with satisfaction, happiness and occupational stress in graduate advisors

Introduction: Teaching in general is a stressing job according International Labor Organization (ILO) due to exposure to risks factors arising from excessive workload coupled with institutional charges and low social value of the occupation. Due at overwork, it tends to invade the time that should be reserved for leisure activities and this poor time management can impact the stress and happiness of the advisors. Purpose: To verify the self-perception of leisure time management, satisfaction, occupational stress and happiness in advisors of graduate programs at a public state university. Methods: The sample was composed by 205 advisors who completed the Sociodemographic, Labor and Health Questionnaire (SLHQ) and the Occupational Stress Index (OSI). Of these, 66 advisors (32.2%) filled out for ten consecutive days Daily Activity Protocols (DAP) about time management of sleep, daily activities, work, and leisure time; and also answered a Visual Analog Scales (VAS) on self-perception of stress, happiness, and quality of leisure. Results: Performing leisure activities with others has a positive moderate correlation with self-perception of happiness (ρ=0.43), mainly when the leisure time was performed with family (ρ=0.40). Leisure activities with others have a positive moderate correlation with self-perception happiness (ρ=0.43), and a negative weak correlation wig self-perception stress (ρ=0.26). The correlation also increases when leisure is with family (ρ=0.40). There were also positive moderate correlation when analyzed leisure time with friends (ρ=0.32) and leisure alone (ρ=0.38). Conclusions: Leisure time with others or alone improved the self-perception of happiness of advisors, reducing the self-perception of stress.

Temporomandibular disorder and headache in university professors.

[Purpose] Temporomandibular disorder is a condition with a multifactor etiology that involves the temporomandibular joint, bones, surrounding muscles and facial pain is the most common symptom. This study evaluated the possible association between headache and temporomandibular disorder in university professors. [Participants and Methods] Twenty-seven professors were recruited and answered the Axis II of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders for the evaluation and diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder and filled out a "Headache Diary" proposed by the American Headache Society. [Results] The university professors showed headache and temporomandibular disorder, but no association was found between the two conditions. Comparing the gender, the males were most frequently affected, but females had more intensity of signs and symptoms. There is a lack of data on the population addressed in the present study. [Conclusion] Indeed, this was the first such study developed with university professors. It is of considerable importance to develop further studies to investigate the possible association between headache and temporomandibular disorder.

Evaluation of primary headache associated with temporomandibular dysfunction in adolescents from Santos, SP, Brazil: an observational study.

[Purpose] Evaluate the association of primary headache and Temporomandibular Dysfunction in healthy adolescents from the Santos, SP, Brazil. [Participants and Methods] A total of 208 adolescents, aged 11 to 16 years old were randomly selected at the dentistry clinic at Universidade Metropolitana de Santos. For that, the Fonseca Anamnestic Index was applied, including information such as: limitation when opening the mouth and moving the jaw, headaches, pain in the temporomandibular joint, noises in the temporomandibular joint, and the habit of tightening or grinding the teeth. The data were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis and the χ2 test and Fisher's exact test were used to evaluate the association of categorical variables. [Results] The results were 63% of male participants, and 61% of female participants had Temporomandibular Dysfunction. In both genders headache was associated with the presence of Temporomandibular Dysfunction, with 93 participants with light headache and 39 with moderate headache. [Conclusion] There was an association between headache and the presence of Temporomandibular Dysfunction, and the percentage of affected males was slightly higher among this association. In the sample of adolescents who presented Temporomandibular Dysfunction, moderate headache was the main reported symptom of both genders.

Propafenone quantification in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry in a bioequivalence study
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Propafenone is an antiarrhythmic drug applied to ventricular arrhythmias, initially recognized as a sodium channel blocker. This study aims to evaluate the bioequivalence of two propafenone formulations (300 mg tablet) in healthy subjects under non-fasting conditions. The study was conducted as an open, randomized, 2-period design with a 2-sequence (RT, TR) with a 1-week washout interval. The subjects were selected for the study after having their health status previously assessed by a clinical evaluation and laboratory tests (biochemical and hematological parameters, and urinalysis). Debrisoquine phenotype of healthy subjects was determined by analysis of urinary excretion of debrisoquine and its major metabolite, 4-hydroxydebrisoquine. A single propafenone tablet (300 mg) was given in each occasion. Plasma propafenone concentrations were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) with positive ion electrospray ionization using multiple reactions monitoring (MRM). The geometric mean and 90% confidence intervals (CI) of propafenone/Ritmonorm® (T/R) percent ratio were 100.44% (88.39 - 114.13%) for AUClast, 99.84% (90.31 - 110.36%) for AUCinf, and 99.30% (90.08 - 109.47%) for Cmax. Since the 90% CI for Cmax, AUClast, and AUCinf ratios were all inside the 80 - 125% interval proposed by the US Food and Drug Administration Agency, it was concluded that the propafenone formulation elaborated by Biolab Sanus Farmacêutica Ltda. is bioequivalent to Ritmonorm® formulation for both the rate and the extent of absorption. The drug was well tolerated by the subjects, indicating that it is safe to perform propafenone bioequivalence studies in healthy subjects with intermediate/extensive metabolism.
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The impact of photobiomodulation on osteoblast-like cell: a review.

In this study, we present a review of the literature on the impact of photobiomodulation on osteoblast-like cell culture. Searches were performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), SCOPUS, and SPIE digital library databases for original articles regarding the effects of LLLT on osteoblast-like cells in experimental models using LLLT published in English from the last 20 years. The search identified 1439 studies. After the analysis of the abstracts, 1409 studies were excluded and 30 studies were then selected for the full-text analysis, 8 of which were excluded. Thus, 22 studies were included for a critical evaluation of the impact of photobiomodulation on osteoblast-like cell culture. The cell lineages studied were primary rat, primary human, saos-2, Osteo-1, MC3T3, MG63, and OFCOL II. Moreover, a wide variety of experimental models were used to experimentally analyze the impact of photobiomodulation, the most common of which were alkaline phosphatase, MTT, and cell count. This review suggests that osteoblastic-like cells are susceptible to photobiomodulation but that most of the light parameters varied by different authors have little to no influence on proliferation but very high levels of irradiance have demonstrated deleterious effects on proliferation, highlighting the bi-phasic effect of photobiomodulation.

Maxillofacial Changes in Melnick-Needles Syndrome.

Background. Melnick-Needles Syndrome is rare congenital hereditary skeletal dysplasia caused by mutations in the FLNA gene, which codifies the protein filamin A. This condition leads to serious skeletal abnormalities, including the stomatognathic region. Case Presentation. This paper describes the case of a 13-year-old girl diagnosed with Melnick-Needles Syndrome presenting with different forms of skeletal dysplasia, such as cranial hyperostosis, short upper limbs, bowed long bones, metaphyseal thickening, genu valgum (knock-knee), shortened distal phalanges, narrow pelvis and shoulders, rib tapering and irregularities, elongation of the vertebrae, kyphoscoliosis, micrognathia, hypoplastic coronoid processes of the mandible, left stylohyoid ligament suggesting ossification, and dental development anomalies. Conclusion. Knowledge of this rare syndrome on the part of dentists is important due to the fact that this condition involves severe abnormalities of the stomatognathic system that cause an impact on the development of the entire face as well as functional and esthetic impairments.

Avaliação de três materiais utilizados para confecção do tampão cervical no clareamento de dentes desvitalizados / Evaluation of thre materials used for confection of cervical plug in nonvital tooth bleaching

Este estudo visa a micro infiltração de três materiais restauradores temporarios utilizados como barreira de proteção cervical no clareamento intra-coronário. Para tal, vinte dentes tratados endodonticamente, foram divididos em quatro grupos. Foram avaliados os materiais restauradores temporários Cavitec (grupo 1), Coltosol (grupo 2), e Tempore Plus (grupo 3), o dentes do grupo controle não receberam a barreira de proteção...

The aim of this study was to evaluate microleakage of three temporary restoration materials used as a cervical plug. Twenty root-filles teeth were divided into four groups: Cavited (group 1), Coltosol 9group 2) e Tempore Plus (group 3), and the control group was left without any plug...

Síndrome de Cushing como complicação do tratamento de líquen plano oral erosivo / Cushing´s Syndrome as a complication of treatment of oral lichen planus

O líquen plano oral (LPO) é uma doença mucocutânea inflamatória crônica relacionada com alterações na imunidade mediada por células T. Diversos medicamentos têm sido utilizados no tratamento desta doença, especialmente nas formas erosivas e ulcerativas, com resultados variados. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e discutir um caso clínico de líquen plano oral erosivo tratado com corticóide sistêmico que resultou em Síndrome de Cushing, que se manteve com o uso de corticóide tópico.

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucocutaneous inflammatory disease involving T cells-mediated immunity. Several drugs have been used to treat OLP, specially the erosive and ulcerative forms, with varying results. The aim of this paper was to describe and discuss one clinical case of erosive oral lichen planus treated with systemic corticosteroids that resulted in Cushing´s syndrome that maintained with topical corticosteroid.

Abscesso epidural espinhal por estafilococo aureus em paciente amazônida / Spinal epidural abcess staphylococcus aureus spinal epidural abscess in a young brazilian amazon man

O abscesso espinhal epidural (AEE) corresponde a uma enfermidade infecciosa extremamente rara e potencialmente fatal. Esta moléstia apresenta um frequência de aproximadamente0,2-2,0 casos/10.000 admissões hospitalares a cada ano. O presente estudo descreve o caso de um homem jovem,com história recente de furunculose, que apresentou quadro de febre e dor em região dorsal torácica associado à triparesia(crural e em extremidade superior direita) e para plegiacrural. A imagem de ressonância nuclear magnética da coluna toracolombar mostrou a presença de uma coleção epidural que comprometia dois segmentos vertebrais torácicos (T4e T5). O paciente foi submetido à descompressão cirúrgica de urgência do AEE e a cultura do material purulento obtido durante a operação revelou o crescimento de colônias de Staphylococcus aureus¬ sensíveis à meticilina. O tratamento antibiótico intravenoso pós-operatório foi instituído com metronidazol,oxacilina e gentamicina durante 30 dias. O paciente apresentou uma evolução satisfatória e nenhum déficit neurológico residual foi identificado. O presente relato ressalta a importância de uma suspeita diagnóstica precoce de AEE nos pacientes com febre e dor torácica espinhal associada a um quadro de déficit neurológico, especialmente quando fatores de risco para abscesso epidural são identificados. O tratamento imediato com descompressão cirúrgico e esquema antibiótico sistêmico parece ser uma abordagem terapêutica apropriada para a prevenção de déficits neurológicos.

Estudo de anormalidades dentárias de desenvolvimento em pacientes em tratamento ortodôntico / Study of development dental abnormalities in orthodontic patients

Introdução - As estruturas do complexo maxilo-mandibular, durante o seu desenvolvimento, ficam sujeitas a sofrerem distúrbios causados por fatores ambientais, idiopáticos ou hereditários, resultando assim, em distúrbios de desenvolvimento dentário. Estas anormalidades possuem alto índice de prevalência na população em geral, e na maior parte dos trabalhos são estudadas separadamente. O presente trabalho teve o propósito de estudar a prevalência de anormalidades de desenvolvimento em pacientes em tratamento ortodôntico. Material e Método - Foram analisadas radiografias panorâmicas de 66 pacientes, sendo 39 do sexo feminino e 27 do masculino, com média de idade de 16, 16 anos, que se submeteram a tratamento ortodôntico. Resultados - Foram diagnosticadas 273 alterações e apenas 5 radiografias não apresentaram nenhuma anormalidades, as alterações mais prevalentes foram giroversão com 75,7%, retidos/impactados com 56% e agenesia com 27,2%. Conclusões - As anormalidades de desenvolvimento são alterações frequentes dos maxilares e podem ocasionar distúrbios estéticos e funcionais levando o seu portador a procurar tratamento ortodôntico