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1.
J Clin Med ; 11(3)2022 Feb 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35160269

RESUMEN

Retinal findings may change in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The present study aims to evaluate several retinal findings, such as macula layer thickness, the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, and the optic nerve head in patients with OSAS, using optical coherence tomography (OCT); it also aims to monitor the result of several types of treatment of OSAS with OCT. A prospective comparative study was designed. Patients were recruited at a Sleep Unit of a University Hospital and underwent comprehensive ophthalmological examinations. Following exclusion criteria, fifty-two patients with OSAS were finally included. Patients were examined by OCT twice: once before treatment, and again after six months of treatment. In mild-moderate patients, where retinal swelling had been demonstrated, retinal thicknesses decreased [fovea (p = 0.026), as did inner ring macula (p = 0.007), outer ring macula (p = 0.015), and macular volume (p = 0.015)]. In severe patients, where retinal atrophy had been observed, retinal thickness increased [fovea (p < 0.001)]. No statistically significant differences in efficacy between treatments were demonstrated. In conclusion, OCT can evaluate the retina in patients with OSAS and help to monitor results after treatment. In severe OSAS, retinal thickness increased six months after treatment.

2.
BMC Ophthalmol ; 18(1): 66, 2018 Mar 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29499674

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: To assess the retinal sensitivity in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients evaluated with standard automated perimetry (SAP). And to correlate the functional SAP results with structural parameters obtained with optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: This prospective, observational, case-control study consisted of 63 eyes of 63 OSAHS patients (mean age 51.7 ± 12.7 years, best corrected visual acuity ≥20/25, refractive error less than three spherical or two cylindrical diopters, and intraocular pressure < 21 mmHg) who were enrolled and compared with 38 eyes of 38 age-matched controls. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was measured by Stratus OCT and SAP sensitivities and indices were explored with Humphrey Field Analyzer perimeter. Correlations between functional and structural parameters were calculated, as well as the relationship between ophthalmologic and systemic indices in OSAHS patients. RESULTS: OSAHS patients showed a significant reduction of the sensitivity for superior visual field division (p = 0.034, t-student test). When dividing the OSAHS group in accordance with the severity of the disease, nasal peripapillary RNFL thickness was significantly lower in severe OSAHS than that in controls and mild-moderate cases (p = 0.031 and p = 0.016 respectively, Mann-Whitney U test). There were no differences between groups for SAP parameters. We found no correlation between structural and functional variables. The central visual field sensitivity of the SAP revealed a poor Pearson correlation with the apnea-hipopnea index (0.284, p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: Retinal sensitivity show minor differences between healthy subjects and OSAHS. Functional deterioration in OSAHS patients is not easy to demonstrate with visual field examination.


Asunto(s)
Fibras Nerviosas/patología , Enfermedades del Nervio Óptico/etiología , Células Ganglionares de la Retina/patología , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/complicaciones , Trastornos de la Visión/etiología , Campos Visuales , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Voluntarios Sanos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades del Nervio Óptico/diagnóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/diagnóstico , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Trastornos de la Visión/diagnóstico , Pruebas del Campo Visual
3.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol ; 251(6): 1625-34, 2013 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23377498

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To assess the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, optic nerve head (ONH) morphologic parameters, and macular thickness and volume in patients affected by obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHODS: This prospective, observational case-control study consisted of 96 eyes of 50 OSAHS patients (mean age of 50.9 ± 12.4 years, best-corrected visual acuity ≥ 20/20, refractive error less than 3 spherocylindrical diopters, and intraocular pressure <21 mmHg) who were enrolled and compared with 64 eyes of 33 age-matched controls. Peripapillary RNFL thickness, ONH parameters, macular thickness and volume were measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). RESULTS: OSAHS patients showed a significant reduction of the nasal quadrant RNFL thickness (74.7 ± 15.8 µm) compared with those values observed in control patients (81.1 ± 16.6 µm, p=0.047, Student's t-test). No differences in peripapillary RNFL thickness were observed when dividing the OSAHS group in accordance with disease severity. Vertical integrated rim area (VIRA) (0.67 ± 0.41 mm(3) in OSAHS vs 0.55 ± 0.29 mm(3) in controls; p=0.043, Student's t-test), horizontal integrated rim width (HIRW) (1.87 ± 0.31 mm(2) in OSAHS vs 1.8 ± 0.25 mm(2) in controls; p=0.039, Student's t-test) and disc area (2.74 ± 0.62 mm(2) in OSAHS vs 2.48 ± 0.42 mm(2) in controls; p=0.002, Student's t-test) showed significant differences, all of them being higher in the OSAHS group. Severe OSAHS had significant higher disc area (2.8 ± 0.7 mm(2)) than controls (2.5 ± 0.4 mm(2); p=0.016, ANOVA test). Temporal inner macular thickness was significantly higher in mild-moderate OSAHS patients (270 ± 12 µm) than in severe OSAHS patients (260 ± 19 µm; p=0.021, ANOVA test). CONCLUSIONS: OSAHS patients showed decreased peripapillary nasal RNFL thickness, and increased ONH area and volume parameters when they were evaluated by OCT. These findings suggest that neuronal degeneration might be present in the retina of OSAHS patients, as previously observed in some neurodegenerative disorders.


Asunto(s)
Fibras Nerviosas/patología , Disco Óptico/patología , Enfermedades del Nervio Óptico/diagnóstico , Células Ganglionares de la Retina/patología , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/diagnóstico , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Retina/patología , Agudeza Visual/fisiología , Adulto Joven
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