RESUMEN
Homeobox genes are known to be key factors in leukemogenesis. Although the TALE family homeodomain factor Meis1 has been linked to malignancy, a role for MEIS2 is less clear. Here, we demonstrate that MEIS2 is expressed at high levels in patients with AML1-ETO-positive acute myeloid leukemia and that growth of AML1-ETO-positive leukemia depends on MEIS2 expression. In mice, MEIS2 collaborates with AML1-ETO to induce acute myeloid leukemia. MEIS2 binds strongly to the Runt domain of AML1-ETO, indicating a direct interaction between these transcription factors. High expression of MEIS2 impairs repressive DNA binding of AML1-ETO, inducing increased expression of genes such as the druggable proto-oncogene YES1. Collectively, these data describe a pivotal role for MEIS2 in AML1-ETO-induced leukemia.
Asunto(s)
Subunidad alfa 2 del Factor de Unión al Sitio Principal/genética , Proteínas de Homeodominio/genética , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Proteínas de Fusión Oncogénica/genética , Proteína 1 Compañera de Translocación de RUNX1/genética , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Animales , Carcinogénesis/genética , Carcinogénesis/metabolismo , Subunidad alfa 2 del Factor de Unión al Sitio Principal/metabolismo , Expresión Génica , Regulación Leucémica de la Expresión Génica , Células HEK293 , Proteínas de Homeodominio/metabolismo , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/metabolismo , Ratones , Trasplante de Neoplasias , Proteínas de Fusión Oncogénica/metabolismo , Oncogenes , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , Unión Proteica , Proto-Oncogenes Mas , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-yes/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-yes/metabolismo , Proteína 1 Compañera de Translocación de RUNX1/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismoRESUMEN
The transcriptional shift from repression to activation of target genes is crucial for the fidelity of Notch responses through incompletely understood mechanisms that likely involve chromatin-based control. To activate silenced genes, repressive chromatin marks are removed and active marks must be acquired. Histone H3 lysine-4 (H3K4) demethylases are key chromatin modifiers that establish the repressive chromatin state at Notch target genes. However, the counteracting histone methyltransferase required for the active chromatin state remained elusive. Here, we show that the RBP-J interacting factor SHARP is not only able to interact with the NCoR corepressor complex, but also with the H3K4 methyltransferase KMT2D coactivator complex. KMT2D and NCoR compete for the C-terminal SPOC-domain of SHARP. We reveal that the SPOC-domain exclusively binds to phosphorylated NCoR. The balance between NCoR and KMT2D binding is shifted upon mutating the phosphorylation sites of NCoR or upon inhibition of the NCoR kinase CK2ß. Furthermore, we show that the homologs of SHARP and KMT2D in Drosophila also physically interact and control Notch-mediated functions in vivo Together, our findings reveal how signaling can fine-tune a committed chromatin state by phosphorylation of a pivotal chromatin-modifier.
