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The purpose of this paper was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activities of sulfated polysaccharide from C. tomentosum (PCT) using carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw edema in a rat model and anti-vasculogenic activity on a chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM) model. Based on in vitro tests of anti-radical, total antioxidant, and reducing power activities, PCT presents a real interest via its antioxidant activity and ability to scavenge radical species. The in vivo pharmacological tests suggest that PCT possesses anti-inflammatory action by reducing paw edema and leukocyte migration, maintaining the redox equilibrium, and stabilizing the cellular level of several pro-/antioxidant system markers. It could significantly decrease the malondialdehyde levels and increase superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione activities in local paw edema and erythrocytes during the acute inflammatory reaction of CARR. PCT pretreatment was effective against DNA alterations in the blood lymphocytes of inflamed rats and reduced the hematological alteration by restoring blood parameters to normal levels. The anti-angiogenic activity results revealed that CAM neovascularization, defined as the formation of new vessel numbers and branching patterns, was decreased by PCT in a dose-dependent manner, which supported the in silico bioavailability and pharmacokinetic findings. These results indicated the therapeutic effects of polysaccharides from C. tomentosum and their possible use as anti-proliferative molecules based on their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic activities.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Acute poisonings (AP) are a significant public health problem, accounting for a high number of emergency department visits and thousands of deaths worldwide. This study aimed to assess the epidemiology of AP in an adult population admitted to Cayenne Hospital (French Guiana) and to investigate the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS: We conducted a monocentric retrospective study from January 2010 to December 2022, including patients over eighteen years of age who had been admitted to the emergency department of Cayenne Hospital for acute poisoning. RESULTS: We included 425 patients. The median age was 34 years (IQR: 25-47). The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.52. A psychiatric disorder was found in 41.9% of patients. The Poisoning Severity Score (PSS) on admission was 1 or 2 for 84% of patients, and the mortality rate was 3.9%. The main involved toxicants were psychotropic drugs (43.1%), benzodiazepines (34.8%), and paracetamol (25.6%). The most lethal toxic was paraquat (5.2%). Intoxication was due to intentional self-poisoning in 84.2% of cases. Independent factors associated with severe poisoning (PSS 3 or 4) were chloroquine, neuroleptics, or paraquat poisoning; metabolic acidosis; and hyperglycemia (>5.5 mmol/L). The mortality rate was 3.9%, and the most involved toxic in death was paraquat. CONCLUSION: This study shows the frequent and deadly use of paraquat in APs in French Guiana. Urgent attention should be given to establishing a toxicovigilance monitoring framework and an antipoison center in the region.
RESUMEN
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the clinical, social, and/or professional and cognitive outcomes in adulthood of the continuous spike-waves during slow sleep (CSWS) and Landau-Kleffner syndromes, which are two rare epileptic syndromes occurring in children. METHODS: We enrolled seven young adults, five who had a CSWS syndrome, and two, a Landau-Kleffner syndrome in childhood. We evaluated their intellectual level as well as their oral and written language and executive functions. RESULTS: This study confirmed that the epilepsy associated with these syndromes has a good prognosis. Only one patient still had active epilepsy. However, the neuropsychological disorders particular to each syndrome persisted. Only two patients had followed a normal pathway in school. Three of the five patients with a CSWS syndrome during childhood remained globally and nonselectively mentally deficient. We found no evidence of the persistence of a dysexecutive syndrome in this study group. The intellectual functions of the two patients with Landau-Kleffner syndrome were normal; however, their everyday lives were disrupted by severe, disabling language disturbances. We discuss the role of some prognostic factors such as the location of the interictal electric focus and the age at onset of CSWS. CONCLUSIONS: These two epileptic syndromes of childhood are very similar in many respects, but their clinical outcomes in adulthood are different.
