Landscape characteristics influence regional dispersal in a high-elevation specialist migratory bird, the water pipit Anthus spinoletta.

Species living in high mountain areas are currently threatened by climate change and human land use changes. High-elevation birds frequently inhabit island-like suitable patches around mountain peaks, and in such conditions the capability to exchange individuals among patches is crucial to maintain gene flow. However, we lack information regarding the dispersal ability of most of these species and the possible influence of landscape features on dispersal. In this study, we used population genomics and landscape resistance modelling to investigate dispersal in a high-elevation specialist migratory bird, the water pipit Anthus spinoletta. We aimed to assess the levels of gene flow in this species within a wide area of the European Alps, and to assess the effects of environmental characteristics on gene flow, by testing the isolation by distance (IBD) hypothesis against the isolation by resistance (IBR) hypothesis. We found clear support for IBR, indicating that water pipits preferentially disperse across suitable breeding habitat (i.e., high-elevation grassland). IBR was stronger in the part of the study area with less extended suitable habitat. Landscape resistance was slightly better described by habitat suitability models than landscape connectivity models. Despite the observed IBR, gene flow within the study area was high, probably also because of the still wide and relatively continuous breeding range. The forecasted reduction of range of this species may lead to stronger effects of IBR on gene flow. Other high-elevation specialist birds may show similar IBR patterns, but with possibly stronger effects on gene flow because of their more reduced and patchy habitats.

Dimensões do excesso e de realidade: reflexões com base em uma experiência de escuta / Dimensions of excess and reality: reflections based on a listening experience / Dimensiones del exceso y de realidad: reflexiones desde una experiencia de escucha

Em psicanálise, sabe-se que a vivência de um trauma, seja ele real ou fantasiado, causa impactos importantes no psiquismo. Este trabalho propõe, por uma vinheta clínica, a reflexão a respeito dos efeitos do traumático advindo do histórico vivencial e da realidade psíquica do sujeito. No desenvolvimento das proposições deste artigo, utiliza-se de vinhetas de um caso clínico a fim de ilustrar a inter-relação entre experiências da realidade externa e as marcas decorrentes desta na realidade interna. A história de Marta permite apresentar contribuições da psicanálise a respeito de trauma psíquico. Acredita-se ser a escuta analítica um recurso diante das manifestações de dor psíquica oriundas do excesso traumático. Na instauração de condições de tramitação psíquica e de atribuição de sentido às experiências de dor, é possível acompanhar a construção de novas possibilidades de devir ao sujeito psíquico.

In psychoanalysis, it is known that the experience of a trauma, either real or fantasized, causes significant impact on the psychism. This paper proposes, based on a clinical vignette, reflection on the effects of the trauma coming from the historical existential and psychic reality of the subject. In the development of the propositions, this article uses vignettes of a clinical case to illustrate the interrelationship between experiences of external reality and brands arising from this in the internal reality. The story of Marta allows us to discuss contributions of psychoanalysis concerning the psychical trauma. It is believed that analytical listening is a fundamental resource for the demonstration of psychic pain, which originated from the traumatic excess. From the establishment of conditions of psychic processing and assigning meaning to the experiences of pain it is possible to follow the construction of the new opportunities of becoming a psychic subject

En el psicoanálisis, se sabe que la experiencia del trauma, sea real o fantaseada, provoca un impacto significativo en la psique. En este trabajo se propone, a partir de una viñeta clínica la reflexión sobre los efectos del trauma que viene del histórico vivencial y de la realidad psíquica del sujeto. En la elaboración de las propuestas de este artículo se utilizan viñetas de un caso clínico para ilustrar la interrelación entre las experiencias de la realidad externa y las huellas resultantes de ésta en la realidad interna. La historia de Marta permite discutir las contribuciones del psicoanálisis sobre el trauma psíquico. Se cree que la escucha analítica es un recurso fundamental frente las manifestaciones de dolor psíquico que viene de la vigencia del exceso traumático. En el establecimiento de las condiciones de procesamiento psíquico y de asignación de sentido a las experiencias del dolor es posible seguir la construcción de nuevas posibilidades del devenir del sujeto psíquico

Adolescência em Conflito com a Lei: A Intensidade da História de Vida em Ato / Adolescence in Conflict with the Law: The Intensity of Life History in Act

A pesquisa aborda o ato infracional a partir da história de vida de adolescentes em conflito com a lei e dos significados atribuídos por eles aos atos cometidos. Realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com quatro adolescentes com processo judicial em andamento devido a atos transgressivos. Os dados foram analisados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo e interpretados com aportes da Psicanálise. Quatro categorias finais constataram, na história de vida dos jovens, vivências extremas e recorrentes de descuido e violência no encontro com as figuras parentais. A fragilidade de recursos psíquicos dos jovens para atribuir sentido à experiência de serem confrontados com limites e a impossibilidade de experenciar e reconhecer a Lei como condição de proteção contribuem para a produção do ato transgressivo.

This study approaches infractional acts of teenagers from the perspective of their life history of conflicts with the law and the meanings assigned by them to the perpetrated acts. Semi-structured interviews were performed with four teenagers with lawsuit in process for having committed infractional acts. The data were analyzed using content analysis and interpreted with psychoanalysis contributions. In the life history of these teenagers four final categories showed evidence of extreme and recurring experiences of neglect and violence towards parental figures. The fragility of teenager’s psychological resources to assign meaning to the experience of being confronted with boundaries and the impossibility to experience and recognize the law as a protective condition contribute to the production of transgressive acts.