ENLIGHTENMENT ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH AND MEDICINES IN THE CONTEXT OF GOOD PHARMACY PRACTICE.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To study and substantiate normative, organizational and methodical approaches to the conducting of enlightenment activities in the field of health preservation and proper use of medicines in the context of the prospect of implementation of Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) in Ukraine. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The research methods are: questionnaire survey, bibliographic, systemic review, systemic analysis, generalization, graphical modeling. The questionnaire survey was conducted by filling out questionnaires by pharmacists on paper or electronic media. RESULTS: Results: It is found that 51,5 % of the pharmacies surveyed are involved in sanitary enlightenment activities on health preservation and proper use of medicines. The need for introducing mechanisms to encourage pharmacy institutions to participate more actively in sanitary enlightenment among the population is substantiated. The expediency of combination of active and passive forms of sanitary enlightenment in pharmacies is shown. The enlightenment program «Health and Medicines¼ for the population has been developed. Methodical approaches to conducting enlightenment classes have been worked out. The algorithm infographic, describing the content of main consumer (patient) measures towards quality control of medicines purchased in the pharmacies, has been developed. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The implementation of the results of the study into the professional activities of pharmacists will significantly increase the erudition of citizens on preserving health and proper use of medicines and is the important element in the implementation of international GPP standard in domestic pharmacies.

A cost minimization analysis of α2b-interferon supplementation in complex pharmacotherapy of rotavirus infection in newborns.

Rotavirus is one of the most important causative agents of gastroenteritis in both infants and children worldwide, resulting in high mortality and morbidity, mainly in low-income, developing countries. Respective analysis of medical records of newborns hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis showed that the use of α2b-interferon in complex pharmacotherapy was characterized by faster reverse development of clinical manifestations of the disease than in patients who did not receive interferon. In our study, we also aimed to estimate the effectiveness of α2b-interferon supplementation in combination pharmacotherapy of newborns with suspected rotavirus infection. Achievement of this goal was possible with the construction of a decision tree model and determination of decision rules for inclusion of α2b-interferon supplementation into the complex pharmacotherapy. The input parameters of the model were hospitalization days of patients stratified by such signs as the presence or absence of rotavirus infection, as well as the additional inclusion of α2b-interferon supplementation in complex pharmacotherapy. The criterion for prediction and decision-making was global retrospective rotavirus prevalence. The feature of the simulation was that the costs were expressed as relative to each other, which allowed unifying the proposed methodology. Retrospective analysis of the clinical database of Ukrainian newborns with acute diarrhea has proved that the decision of α2b-interferon supplementation as additional treatment could be cost-saving under 7.4 times its lower price.

Pharmacoeconomic and epidemiological bases of optimal rotavirus vaccine supply for Ukrainian population.

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: Several studies has shown that rotaviruses play a leading role in the structure of acute intestinal infections (AII) of viral etiology in children. In the National vaccination calendar of Ukraine, vaccination against rotavirus infection (RVI) is classified as recommended, with the expected goal of reducing the number of severe RVI cases among under five-year-old children. Nevertheless, despite the positive epidemiological and clinical effects of vaccination against RVI, it remains unclear how appropriate the introduction of rotavirus vaccines is in terms of potential costs and benefits, as well as determining the optimal level of subsidy required to cover part of the costs of voluntary vaccination of the population. The aim: Study of optimal subsidy level of rotavirus vaccine in Ukraine using epidemiological and pharmacoeconomic modeling. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The retrospective epidemiological data of the monthly RVI incidence in Ukraine as well as the population number from 2010 to 2016 formed the information basis for determining the transmission parameter of the viral agent. The scenario of RVI epidemic process as an acute intestinal infection from the point of view of mathematical epidemiology is best described by developed mathematical model. Cost-benefit of rotavirus vaccination was studied with the use of developed pharmacoeconomic criteria. RESULTS: Results and conclusions: Prediction of possible implications of RVI vaccination and finding optimal level of vaccine supply involves a comprehensive study of the epidemic process peculiarities of this infection with development of an adequate epidemiological model. We have proposed a model of RVI epidemiological process in Ukraine, determining its main parameters with the use of available retrospective data of anual number of RVI cases for the period from 2010 to 2016. The developed model was used as an analytical tool for analyzing influence of different levels of vaccine supply on vaccination cost-benefit. The results of research showed that the use of epidemiological modeling in pharmacoeconomic analysis of rotavirus vaccination made it possible to determine analytically optimal level of vaccination subsidy level.

Process model of the pharmaceutical integrated management system.

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: One of the innovative trends in the modern development of the pharmaceutical sector is the introduction of integrated management systems (IMS) at the enterprises for the production and distribution of medicines. The aim: to substantiate and develop a process model and approaches to the regulation and documentation, performance evaluation and improvement of the IMS within the pharmaceutical institution (PI) and hospital pharmaceutical service (HPS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: research materials used: international standards, regulations and guidelines of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, scientific publications, information of PI and hospitals, placed on official websites and collected in the process of direct observation. Research methods are: systemic-review, generalization, observation, documentary, structural-logical and graphic modeling. RESULTS: Results: Based on the requirements of good practices and international standards in the field of management of quality, ecology, occupational health and safety, social responsibility, a typical process model of the IMS of PI and HPS (pharmaceutical integrated management system - PIMS) has been substantiated and developed. The content of each process of a typical PIMS model is described and structured. The expected results (outputs) of the PIMS processes are determined. The approaches to the regulation and documentation of the PIMS processes in the conditions of functioning of the four-level documented information system are substantiated. A matrix of responsibility and authority of the staff of PI and hospitals within the PIMS is developed. The structurally hierarchical model of the performance evaluation and improvement of the PIMS has been designed and described. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The results are the basis for the establishing, regulating and documenting of the PIMS and the development of a system for its performance evaluation and continual improvement.