[The radiotherapeutic effect of the CM-5 fraction of turtle spleen extract]. / Radioterapevticheskii éffekt fraktsii CM-5 ékstrakta selezenki cherepakhi.

CM-5 fraction of tortoise spleen extract injected after irradiation in dose CD50/30 (540 R) raises a survival of mice to 73.4%. The number of endocolonies of spleen increases to 4.0 in experiment against 0.3 in control and the average life of experimental animals increases to 12.7 days against 8.8 in control. In vitro it has been found a considerable increase of RNA-synthetic activity of bone marrow cells stimulated by CM-5 fraction in post-irradiation period. The dose alteration factor for CM-5 fraction is 1.46 according to CD50/30 standard at survival test.

[Effect of freon-114B2 (1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane) on the seasonal rhythm of energy activity in rat liver mitochondria]. / Vliianie freona 114B2 (1,2-dibromtetraftoretana) na sezonnyi ritm energeticheskoi aktivnosti mitokhondrii pecheni krys.

In the experiments with white rats it was found, that the inhalation of freon 114B2 at CL16, CL50, CL84 levels caused the changes in seasonal values of the energy activity in mitochondria. The action of the freon 114B2 caused disturbances in regulation of the mitochondria activity and desynchronization of seasonal rhythms of their energy activity.

[The effect of a U-2 fraction of a tortoise spleen extract on the formation of an ectopic locus of hematopoiesis]. / Vliianie fraktsii U-2 ékstrakta selezenki cherepakhi na formirovanie éktopicheskogo ochaga krovetvoreniia.

The implantation of a bone marrow fragment of intact mouse donors below the kidney capsule of irradiated (7 Gy) recipients leads to the formation of the haemopoiesis locus that somewhat exceeds, by mass and cellularity, the new-formed locus of control animals. The U-2 fraction of a tortoise spleen extract administered to recipients irradiated with the same dose increases the mass and cellularity of the haemopoiesis locus by 2.2 and 4.9 times respectively.

[The radioprotective action of long-term anoxia on the membrane lipids in irradiated turtles]. / Radioprotektornoe deistvie dlitel'noi anoksii na membrannye lipidy obluchennykh cherepakh.

It was shown that 80% of tortoises survived on day 45 after gamma irradiation (60Co, 4.2.10(2) Gy) in conditions of long-term (6 h) anoxia, against 5% survived after irradiation in normal conditions. It is suggested that the modifying effect of ionizing radiation under anoxic conditions is mainly associated with the decreased rate of peroxidation processes in membrane phospholipids and the enhanced radioresistance background during the first decade following irradiation.

[Oxidative phosphorylation and lipid peroxidation of the liver mitochondria in rats after acute benzene poisoning]. / Okislitel'noe fosforilirovanie i perekisnoe okislenie lipidov mitokhondrii pecheni krys posle ostroi benzol'noi intoksikatsii.

The study revealed that after benzene-induced intoxication (CI50) there occurred low-energetic and energetic phase shifts in rats' liver mitochondria. The content of lipid peroxidation products of the above organellas varied analogously. The time following intoxication being longer, higher were the general level of liver mitochondria energetic activity and the content of lipid peroxidation products. The highest level was recorded on the 3d day after benzen-induced intoxication. On the 16th day complete recovery of liver mitochondria was not recorded.

[Effect of the U-2 fraction of splenic extract from Horsfield's terrapin on the hematopoiesis of mammals]. / Vliianie fraktsii U-2 ékstrakta selezenki sredneaziatskoi cherepakhi na krovetvorenie mlekopitaiushchikh.

Intraperitoneal administration of a spleen extract from Testudo horsfieldi and its U-2 fraction increases the number of endogenous splenic haemopoietic colonies. The U-2 fraction administered to irradiated (4 Gy) mice increases the number of bone marrow CFUs. Bone marrow cells of exposed (4 Gy) mice preincubated in vitro with the U-2 fraction also increase the number of exogenous colonies in the recipient's spleen.

[The lipid phase of biomembranes and level of compensatory reserve of the cell energy system in animals irradiated in hypokinesic states]. / Lipidnaia faza biomembran i uroven' kompensatornogo rezerva énergeticheskoi sistemy kletki u obluchennykh v usloviiakh gipokinezii zhivotnykh.

A combined exposure to hypokinesia (21 days) and gamma-radiation (8 Gy) was shown to produce a synergistic effect on the level of endogenous radiosensitizers in mitochondria resulting in a low-energy shift: the compensatory reserve of the hepatocytes' energy system was utilized with a 242 per cent efficiency. The molar cholesterol/phospholipid ratio decreased. The lipid phase homeoviscosity increased significantly in microsomes.

[Liver microsomal lipids of mice irradiated and administered an extract of turtle spleen]. / Lipidy mikrosom pecheni myshei v usloviiakh oblucheniia i vvedeniia ékstrakta selezenki cherepakhi.

The influence of a tortoise spleen extract (TSE) on lipids of liver endoplasmic reticulum of irradiated (8 Gy) mice has been studied. The administration of TSE immediately after irradiation changes the content of lipid fractions in microsomal membranes preventing the accretion of cholesterol, nonesterified fatty acids, and triacylglycerol. The preparation under study exerts an antioxidant effect.

[Therapeutic effect of purified components of a turtle spleen extract]. / Issledovanie lechebnogo éffekta ochishchennykh komponentov ékstrakta selezenko cherepakhi.

The administration of a spleen extract of Testudo horsfieldi to mice exposed to lethal radiation of 8 Gy was shown to increase the survival rate and to stimulate haemopoiesis and formation of endocolonies in the spleen. The gel filtration method was used to obtain an active fraction which was subjected to chromatography on cation exchanger to give two more fractions. Active was the fraction with basic components.

[Postradiation recovery of hematopoiesis in mice administered cell-free tissue extracts from the central Asiatic turtle]. / Postradiatsionnoe vosstanovlenie krovetvoreniia u myshei pri vvedenii beskletochnykh komponentov tkanei sredneaziatskoi cherepakhi.

It was shown on mice exposed to 8 Gy radiation that a spleen extract from T. horsfieldi has a high therapeutic effect. Bone marrow cellularity is restored as early as 8 days following irradiation and injection of the extract; the survival rate is 71.2% against 4.2 in the control.

[The role of lipid components of microsomal membranes of hepatocytes of the central Asian turtle in the actualization of radiation injuries]. / Rol' lipidnykh komponentov mikrosomal'nykh membran gepatotsitov sredneaziatskoi cherepakhi v realizatsii luchevykh povrezhdenii.

Phase changes in the content of biomembrane lipids and in the rate of their peroxidation were observed in liver microsomes of Testudo horsfieldi irradiated with a dose of 129.10(-1) C/kg. It is suggested that the decrease in the formation of peroxidation products of a diene series at the initial stage of radiation sickness are conditioned by the decrease in the activity of the key enzyme systems which regulate biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids, while the increase in the sphingomyelin level activates the lipid-dependent enzymes which repair the injured membranes.

[Criteria for assessing the radioresistance of the Central Asiatic turtle]. / Kriterii otsenki radiorezistentnosti sredneaziatskoi cherepakhi.

A study was made of a phenomenal radioresistance of Testudo horsfieldi. The authors described the features of the postirradiation death at different seasons. A threshold number of the affected systems in the turtles was one order lower than that of mammals. A positive correlation was found between specific affection of the systems and the degree of their radioresistance.

[Effect of a tortoise spleen extract on the functional state of liver mitochondria in irradiated mice]. / Deistvie selezenochnogo ékstrakta cherepakh na funktsional'noe sostoianie mitokhondrii pecheni obluchennykh myshei.

A study was made of the effect of a drug prepared from a spleen extract of Testudo horsfieldi on energy metabolism and lipid composition of liver mitochondria of irradiated mice (2.06 X 10(-1) C/kg). It was shown that the decompensated low-energy state of liver mitochondria of the exposed mice was changed into the state of the compensated low-energy shift: the physicochemical properties of lipid microenvironment of mitochondria proteins were partially restored.

[CFUs of the normal and regenerating liver in the sexually mature mouse]. / KOE-S normal'noi i regeneriruiushchei pecheni polovozrelykh myshei.

Functional properties of CFUs have been studied in intact and regenerating liver of mice. According to a number of properties (proliferative activity, character of colony growth) CFUs in the liver are similar to CFUs in the peripheral blood and, probably, make the same population. In the regenerating liver relative contents of CFUs 3-5 days after a partial resection is substantially increasing. Concentration of CFUs (endogenic) increases significantly also in a locally injured and regenerating lobe, comparing to the intact lobe that is in the same organ. The transplanted bone marrow CFUs prevail in number in the regenerating liver over the intact liver. It is concluded that increasing contents of CFUs in the regenerating liver depend mainly on its creased property to invade and/or to hold the extrahepatic CFUs.

[Correlation between hematologic and biochemical indices of Testudo horsfieldi turtles]. / Korreliatsionnye sviazi mezhdu gematologicheskimi i biokhimicheskimi pokazateliami u cherepakh Testudo horsfieldi.

The morphological composition and some of biochemical factors of turtle blood, as well as correlation between the former and the latter were examined. It was revealed that the turtles and mammals differed in the factors under consideration. The data obtained are interpreted in the light of the formation of the organism's response to the environmental exposures.