Assessment of Physical Activity During Pandemic Periods: Development of the Questionnaire, Determination of Primary Validity, and Psychometric Properties.

This study aimed to develop the "Pandemic Period Physical Activity Scale (PPPAS)" to determine the physical activity level of healthy individuals during the pandemic period. Research data were collected from the "Socio-Demographic Questionnaire Form," "International Physical Activity Short Form," "Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia," "Coronavirus Anxiety Scale," "Epidemic Anxiety Scale," "Expert Evaluation Form," and "Pandemic Period Physical Activity Scale," exploratory factor analysis revealed that the scale consisted of 3 sub-dimensions and 31 items. Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the fit indices χ2/Df: 2.343; root mean square error of approximation: 0.048; incremental fit index: 0.955; comparative fit index: 0.954; goodness of fit index: 0.912; normed fit index: 0.923; non-normed fit index: 0.950; adjusted goodness of fit index: 0.896; root mean square residuals: 0.060; standardized root mean square residual: 0.047. The total Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.912 while the intraclass correlation coefficient of the scale was calculated as 0.958 (p<0.001). As a result of the analyses conducted, it was concluded that the PPPAS is a valid and reliable measurement.

Rehabilitation for Mitochondrial Membrane Protein-Related Neurodegeneration: A Case Study.

This case report reports the effects of an 18-week physiotherapy program in children with mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN). The study involved two brothers, aged 11 and 12, who had been diagnosed with MPAN. The physiotherapy program was divided into three phases and consisted of 18 weeks of training with a pediatric physiotherapist, including balance, coordination, and strengthening exercises. Muscle strength was assessed using pediatric manual muscle testing, functional balance using the Pediatric Berg Balance Test (PBBT), static balance using the Single-Leg Stance Test, dynamic balance using the Functional Reach Test, postural control using the 5-Time Sit-to-Stand Test, and independence using the Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM). Positive changes were observed in muscle strength, balance, and independence. After Phase I, PBBT scores (younger sibling +4, 8.1%; older +3, 6.8%) were higher than the minimal clinically important difference (MCID=3.66-5.83). After Phase III, although the PBBT scores improved (younger +2, 4.05%; older +1, 2.3%), the older sibling's score was not higher than the MCID. Thus, the two children showed visible improvements in both body structure and function, as well as activity and participation levels.