Comparison of the results of sleeve gastrectomy, gastric pilication and liragulitide in obese rats.

Obesity, which is generally seen in adults, is a serious health problem. Diseases caused by obesity are among the leading causes of death worldwide. Liraglutide (LG) is an analogue of glucagon-like peptide-1, which slows gastrointestinal motility, resulting in decreased food consumption. Gastric plication (GP) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the reduction of stomach volume by surgical means. We examined and compared the body mass index (BMI) changes, metabolic changes and changes in gastric histology in obese rats after LG injection with surgical methods such as SG and GP. In this research, 35 Wistar Albino female rats were used. Rats were divided into 5 groups with 7 rats in each group. Group (G) 1: The control group, fed with a normal calorie diet for 8 weeks. G 2: Sham group, G 3: SG group, G 4: GP group and G 5: LG group, fed with high-calorie feed for 4 weeks. At the end of the 4th week, the study was terminated by making appropriate interventions for the groups. When the blood glucose (BG) levels measured at the beginning, 4th week and 8th week of the experiment were evaluated, it was monitored that the BG level at the 8th week was the lowest in the LG group (p<0.05). It was observed that the preop Ghrelin and Leptin levels of the LG group were lower than those of the SG and GP groups (p<0.05). As a consequenc As a consequence of our metabolic investigations, we observed that the use of LG is at least as effective as SG.

Protective effects of anise in prevention of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.

The aim of this study is to determine the protective efficacy of anise in cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats. In this study, 28 Wistar Albino rats, weighing 250-300 grams (g), were used. Four groups were formed with 7 rats in each group. Group 1 (n=7): Control group, Group 2 (n=7): Anise group, 5 mL/kg/day of anise aqueous extract prepared according to Gamberini's protocol was given orally by gavage for 30 days. Group 3 (n=7): Cerebral ischemia reperfusion (CIR) group, at the beginning of the experiment, 30 minutes of cerebral ischemia and 1 hour of reperfusion were induced and the animals were sacrificed by exanguination. Group 4 (n=7): Anise+ CIR group, After administering 30 days of anise's aqueous extract, CIR was induced and the study was terminated. TOS values of the Anise+ CIR group was significantly lower than that of the CIR group (p<0.05). Il-6 and TNF-α values of the CIR group were significantly higher than the Anise+ CIR group (p<0,05). Our study revealed that anise ameliorates oxidative damage and inflammation due to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, by reducing the levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, Il-6).

Protective effectiveness of anise against testicular ischemia and reperfusion injury: An experimental study in rats.

Testicular torsion is a frequently encountered clinical condition that requires urgent treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) in treating the pathological condition due to ischemia and reperfusion injury by using biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical methods. A total of 6 groups were formed with 8 male Wistar Albino rats in each group. Group 1 (n=8): control group, Group 2 (n=8): Anise aqueous solution was given orally 5 ml/kg by gavage for 30 days. Group 3 (n=8): Ischemia and Reperfusion (I/R) group, bilateral testicles were rotated 270° and reperfused after 30 minutes of ischemia. Group 4 (n=8): I/R+ Anise group, Group 5 (n=8): Anise+ I/R group and Group 6 (n=8): Anise+ I/R+ Anise group. The results of the Anise group and the Control group were similar. However, the damage in the I/R group was considerably more severe than in any of the other study groups. While it was observed that spermatogenic cells started to regenerate in the I/R+Anise group, edema and congestion were observed in the Anise+I/R group. In the Anise+I/R+Anise group, all histological findings and biochemical parameters were similar to those of the control group. It was observed that anise had protective effects in ischemia and reperfusion injury in rat testicles.

Effects of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity of donors in HBsAg(+) renal transplant recipients: comparison of outcomes with HBsAg(+) and HBsAg(-) donors.

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity of the donors on graft survival and liver complications in HBsAg(+) renal transplant recipients. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A group of 55 patients who underwent renal transplantation (RTx) in our hospital between 2001 and 2012 were included in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (n = 50) consisted of HBsAg(+) renal transplant recipients (RTR) whose donors were HBsAg(-). In Group 2 (n = 5), RTR and donors were both HBsAg(+). Lymphocyte cross matches, number of mismatches, donor types, renal replacement treatment modalities, drugs of induction treatment, and preoperative hepatitis B virus DNA titers of the groups were similar. In Group 1, 42 patients were taking lamivudine, 3 patients were taking entecavir, and 5 patients were taking tenofovir. All of the patients in Group 2 were taking lamivudine. Patient and graft survival rates, graft functions, acute hepatitis rates, acute rejection rates, and other clinical outcomes of the groups were compared. RESULTS: Demographic data of the groups were similar. Acute rejection rates (P = 0.458), graft survival rates (P = 0.515), and patient survival rates (P = 0.803) were also similar. No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of acute hepatitis rate (P = 0.511), glomerular filtration rate (calculated by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula) in the last follow-up (P = 0.988), alanine aminotransferase levels (P = 0.069), or delayed graft function rate (P = 0.973). Rates of chronic allograft dysfunction and new onset diabetes mellitus after transplantation were similar. CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that, RTx from HBsAg(+) donors to HBsAg(+) recipients is safe with antiviral treatment.

Factors affecting morbidity and mortality in pancreatic injuries.

PURPOSE: Difficulties in the detection of pancreatic damage result in morbidity and mortality in cases of pancreatic trauma. This study was performed to determine factors affecting morbidity and mortality in pancreatic trauma. METHODS: The records of 33 patients who underwent surgery for pancreatic trauma between January 2004 and December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: The types of injury were penetrating injury and blunt abdominal trauma in 75.8 and 24.2 % of all cases, respectively. Injuries were classified as stage 1 in 6 cases (18.2 %), stage 2 in 18 cases (54.5 %), stage 3 in 5 cases (15.2 %), and stage 4 in 4 cases (12.1 %). The average injury severity scale (ISS) value was 25.70 ± 9:33. Six patients (18.2 %) had isolated pancreatic injury, 27 (81.2 %) had additional intraabdominal organ injuries and 10 patients (30.3 %) had extraabdominal organ injuries. The mean length of hospital stay was 13.24 ± 9 days. Various complications were observed in eight patients (24.2 %) and mortality occurred in three (9.1 %). Complications were more frequent in patients with high pancreatic damage scores (p = 0.024), additional organ injuries (p = 0.05), and blunt trauma (p = 0.026). Pancreatic injury score was associated with morbidity, while the presence of major vascular injury was associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Complications were significantly more common in injuries with higher pancreatic damage scores, additional organ injuries, and blunt abdominal trauma. Pancreatic injury score was associated with morbidity, while the presence of major vascular injury was associated with mortality.

A Successful Renal Transplantation Case After Stem Cell Transplantation.

Renal transplantation is the most effective treatment method for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, new treatment modalities are being investigated, such as immunotoleration, to avoid the acute and chronic side effects of immunosuppressant drugs. We report a case in which a man had undergone allogenic stem cell transplantation from his brother 16 years ago due to chronic myeloid leukemia, and who then developed ESRD due to arterial hypertension and underwent renal transplantation (Rtx) from the same brother. The patient was followed up without immunosuppression due to full chimerism.

Factors affecting morbidity and mortality in hollow visceral injuries following blunt abdominal trauma.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Hollow visceral injuries following blunt abdominal trauma are uncommon. The potential risk factors affecting morbidity and mortality are not well known. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the outcomes of hollow viscus perforation after blunt abdominal trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patient files of 56 adult patients who were treated with diagnosis hollow viscus injuries due to blunt abdominal trauma between the years 2000 and 2011 at the Dicle University Medical School General Surgery Clinic were retrospectively evaluated by analyzing the relationship between morbidity-mortality and potential risk factors. RESULTS: Fifty-six patients formed the study group, with median age of 37.5 ± 17,0 (range, 16-78) years and a significant male (80.3%) predominance. The median Injury Severity Score was 4 (1-25). The median length of hospital stay 7.5 (1-21) days. The mean age in the group with morbidity (47.1 ± 17.4) was significantly higher than the group without morbidity (34.3 ± 15.8) (p<0.05). Also, re-operation (p=0.0013), treatment modality (p=0.037), cause of injuries (0.0046) were other factors that affect morbidity. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that factors affecting morbidity were cause of injuries, re-operation and treatment in patients with hollow viscus injury caused by blunt abdominal trauma. And factors affecting mortality were the injured organ, the presence of shock and median injury severity score.

The protective effect of ellagic acid on lung damage caused by experimental obstructive jaundice model.

AIM: This study aimed to investigate protective effects of ellagic acid on lungs in an experimental obstructive jaundice model. METHODS: Four groups were established, each consisting of ten randomly selected rats: Group 1: sham, Group 2: ellagic acid, Group 3: obstructive jaundice, and Group 4: obstructive jaundice + ellagic acid. Ellagic acid was administered orally at a dose of 60 mg/kg/day to group 2 and 4. The animals were sacrificed eight days later. The total oxidative status and the total antioxidant capacity in their lung tissue were determined, and malondialdehyde levels in their blood were measured. Histopathological changes in the lungs were examined. RESULTS: In the obstructive jaundice group treated with ellagic acid, there was a decrease in malondialdehyde levels and a reduction in the total oxidative status and the oxidative stress index, whereas the total antioxidant capacity increased (p < 0.001). The histopathological examination showed that neutrophil leukocyte infiltration and edema formation decreased and destruction of lung parenchyma disappeared following the treatment with the ellagic acid (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study shows that ellagic acid has a protective effect against oxidative damage in lung tissue in obstructive jaundice.