RESUMEN
Cholangitis, a pathological disease characterized by inflammation of the biliary system, often occurs in conjunction with gallstone blockage and may lead to various problems, persisting for extended periods after cholecystectomy. The present report provides a comprehensive account of a clinical case involving a 35-year-old female patient who had undergone cholecystectomy three years before and is now experiencing symptoms consistent with cholangitis. The individual was originally given conservative therapy, which included the administration of intravenous ceftriaxone antibiotics, analgesics, fluids, and gastrointestinal treatment. Subsequently, they were sent to a tertiary care hospital for the performance of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and the placement of a stent. Following a period of seven days, laboratory tests showed a return to normalcy, showing a positive outcome in response to the use of conservative management strategies. The patient made the decision to have an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, resulting in a favorable recuperation and a hospitalization period of 24 hours. The aforementioned results jointly demonstrate the efficacy of conservative therapy in treating cholangitis and the potential for eventual elective surgery in individuals experiencing prolonged gallbladder problems. In conclusion, this case underscores the need to maintain a state of alertness with respect to complications associated with cholecystectomy, such as cholangitis. It also emphasizes the effectiveness of conservative treatment approaches and the probable necessity for elective surgical intervention.
RESUMEN
The present study was designed to investigate and compare the effects of plant-derived smoke (PDS) and auxin (IAA and IBA) on maize growth under the application of 2,3,5-triiodo benzoic acid (TIBA). For this purpose, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), each at a concentration of 10 ppm, along with PDS at a ratio of 1:500 (v/v) were used alone and in combination with 10 ppm of TIBA. The results indicate that the germination percentage (%) of maize seeds was enhanced under IAA, IBA and PDS treatment. However, IAA and IBA resulted in reduced germination when applied in combination with TIBA. Importantly, the germination percentage (%) was improved by PDS under TIBA treatment. The analysis of seedling height, length of leaves, and number of primary, seminal and secondary/lateral roots showed improvement under individual treatments of IAA and IBA, PDS and PDS + TIBA treatment, while these values were reduced under IAA + TIBA and IBA + TIBA application. Chlorophyll content, total soluble sugars and antioxidative enzymatic activity including POD and SOD increased in seedlings treated with PDS alone or both PDS and TIBA, while in seedlings treated with IAA and TIBA or IBA and TIBA, their levels were decreased. APX and CAT responded in the opposite way-under IAA, IBA and PDS treatment, their levels were found to be lower than the control (simple water treatment), while TIBA treatment with either IAA, IBA or PDS enhanced their levels as compared to the control. These results reveal that PDS has the potential to alleviate the inhibitory effects of TIBA. This study highlights the role of PDS in preventing TIBA from blocking the auxin entry sites.