Comparison of Efficacy of Pressure Controlled vs. Traditional Manual Mask Ventilation for Newborn Resuscitation - A Simulation-Based Pilot Randomized Control Trial.

OBJECTIVES: To determine efficacy of non-invasive positive pressure face mask ventilation using a ventilator device (NIPPmV) for achieving early effective ventilation compared to that by self-inflating bag (SIB) or T- piece resuscitator (TPR). METHODS: The authors video recorded 33 trained resuscitators using NIPPmV (provided using ventilator device), SIB [a 500 ml silicone SIB without a positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) valve] and a TPR. Using a continuous pressure recording system and a neonatal manikin, the authors evaluated the efficacy of the ventilation to achieve early effective ventilation during 30 s of ventilation. The primary outcome was time to achieve effective chest rise. Secondary outcomes were peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), ventilation rate and the need to perform ventilation corrective steps during positive pressure ventilation (PPV) among the devices. RESULTS: Total 99 videos were recorded. The time(s) taken to achieve the first chest rise was significantly lesser in NIPPmV group compared to SIB and TPR (3.0 ± 1.7 vs. 3.7 ± 1.9 vs. 7.5 ± 5.4, respectively, p <0.001). The mean PIP delivered by NIPPmV compared to SIB & TPR (19.8 ± 1.6 vs. 35.6 ± 7.4 vs. 17.8 ± 2.0 cm H20 respectively; p <0.001) was more accurate with preset PIP. Ventilation, in terms of breath rate, was observed to be controlled more accurately with NIPPmV compared to SIB & TPR (50 vs. 42 vs. 33 per min respectively; p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The non-invasive positive pressure face mask ventilation using a ventilator (NIPPmV) resulted in achieving early, effective and consistent ventilation.

COVID-19 Critical Care Simulations: An International Cross-Sectional Survey.

Objective: To describe the utility and patterns of COVID-19 simulation scenarios across different international healthcare centers. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, international survey for multiple simulation centers team members, including team-leaders and healthcare workers (HCWs), based on each center's debriefing reports from 30 countries in all WHO regions. The main outcome measures were the COVID-19 simulations characteristics, facilitators, obstacles, and challenges encountered during the simulation sessions. Results: Invitation was sent to 343 simulation team leaders and multidisciplinary HCWs who responded; 121 completed the survey. The frequency of simulation sessions was monthly (27.1%), weekly (24.8%), twice weekly (19.8%), or daily (21.5%). Regarding the themes of the simulation sessions, they were COVID-19 patient arrival to ER (69.4%), COVID-19 patient intubation due to respiratory failure (66.1%), COVID-19 patient requiring CPR (53.7%), COVID-19 transport inside the hospital (53.7%), COVID-19 elective intubation in OR (37.2%), or Delivery of COVID-19 mother and neonatal care (19%). Among participants, 55.6% reported the team's full engagement in the simulation sessions. The average session length was 30-60 min. The debriefing process was conducted by the ICU facilitator in (51%) of the sessions followed by simulation staff in 41% of the sessions. A total of 80% reported significant improvement in clinical preparedness after simulation sessions, and 70% were satisfied with the COVID-19 sessions. Most perceived issues reported were related to infection control measures, followed by team dynamics, logistics, and patient transport issues. Conclusion: Simulation centers team leaders and HCWs reported positive feedback on COVID-19 simulation sessions with multidisciplinary personnel involvement. These drills are a valuable tool for rehearsing safe dynamics on the frontline of COVID-19. More research on COVID-19 simulation outcomes is warranted; to explore variable factors for each country and healthcare system.

Preparedness of Acute Care Facility and a Hospital for COVID-19 Pandemic: What We Did!

BACKGROUND AND AIM: India is facing the pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) just like the whole world. The private sector is the backbone of a healthcare facility in India. Presently, only a few major hospitals in the country are actively dealing with the COVID-19 patients while others are facing troubles due to lack of manpower, management, and required experience to face the pandemic. Despite the lockdown, the cases are ever increasing and each and every hospital in the country should be prepared to face this pandemic the world has never seen before. As one of the largest multispecialty hospitals and a designated COVID center, we have developed and adopted some strategies for better preparedness to face the surge of this pandemic. We would like to share our experience and hope that the strategies laid down and adopted by us will help many other acute care facilities in many parts of India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Different strategies are adopted to deal with the crisis situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our adopted strategies were directed to mitigate the challenges of administration, hospital space organization, management of staff and supplies, maintenance of standard of care, and specific COVID care and ethics during this pandemic. RESULTS: Based on strategies adopted by us, we feel more confident and prepared to deal with COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION: Our approach for preparing for the COVID-19 pandemic may not be the best one but we believe that the basic managerial principles we adopted will guide many other institutions to find their path in tackling the pandemic in the best possible way. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Jog S, Kelkar D, Bhat M, Patwardhan S, Godavarthy P, Dhundi U, et al. Preparedness of Acute Care Facility and a Hospital for COVID-19 Pandemic: What We Did! Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(6):385-392.