RESUMEN
Realization of program of sex formation in multicellular organisms is a complex multistage process. The role of the inductor in this process is assigned to sex hormones synthesized by cells of the emerging gonads. The action of androgens on the formation of the male is now well understood. However, little is known about the involvement of estrogen the female gonad formation and the formation of a female as a whole. Here we present the results of experimental sex inversion in female chickens produced by aromatase inhibition and by the action of tamoxifen on chicken embryos. We have shown various masculinizing effect depending on the dose of active substance and the number of injections. We have noted that inhibition of aromatase does not block meiotic prophase in oogoniums. We have suggested that there are differences in the mechanisms of action of retinoic acid and estrogens on oogenesis. We have first shown proteins and nucleoproteins that interact with the estrogen receptor 1 and provided maps of their gene localization in human and chicken genomes.
Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de la Aromatasa/farmacología , Antagonistas de Estrógenos/farmacología , Disgenesia Gonadal/genética , Nitrilos/farmacología , Diferenciación Sexual/efectos de los fármacos , Tamoxifeno/farmacología , Triazoles/farmacología , Animales , Embrión de Pollo , Pollos/genética , Mapeo Cromosómico , Receptor alfa de Estrógeno/genética , Receptor alfa de Estrógeno/metabolismo , Femenino , Expresión Génica , Sitios Genéticos , Disgenesia Gonadal/inducido químicamente , Humanos , Letrozol , Masculino , Ovario/efectos de los fármacos , Ovario/metabolismo , Ovario/ultraestructura , Profase , Mapeo de Interacción de Proteínas , Cromosomas Sexuales , Diferenciación Sexual/genética , Testículo/efectos de los fármacos , Testículo/metabolismo , Testículo/ultraestructuraRESUMEN
Morphological and biochemical properties of the nitrogen-fixing strain Ochrobactrum intermedium ANKI, intensely growing on media with azo compounds, and its resistance to various common xenobiotics were investigated. The kinetics of azobenzene conversion by O. intermedium ANKI was studied. Under cometabolism conditions, up to 40 mg of azobenzene per liter of medium were decolorized within one week. It was shown that the strain possessed molybdenum-dependent nitrogenase activity, and its nitrogenase system was sensitive to oxygen and fixed nitrogen in the medium.
Asunto(s)
Compuestos Azo/metabolismo , Fijación del Nitrógeno , Ochrobactrum/metabolismo , Color , Medios de Cultivo , Ochrobactrum/efectos de los fármacos , Ochrobactrum/crecimiento & desarrollo , Plaguicidas/farmacología , Xenobióticos/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from soil and glass slides and classified as Bacillus cereus SNK12, Paenibacillus polymyxa SNK2, Azotobacter chroococcum ANKII, and Ochrobacterium intermedium ANKI. Their cultures could degrade azobenzene under the conditions of co-metabolism. A rapid test for the ability of bacteria to convert azobenzenes is proposed.
