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Cylindrical magnetic nanowires (NWs) have gained significant interest as building-blocks of spintronics devices and magnetic sensors thanks to their geometry-tunable magnetic properties and anisotropy. While the synthesis and compositional control of NWs have seen major improvements in recent years, considerable challenges remain for the characterization of local magnetic features at the nanoscale. Here, we demonstrate non-perturbative field distribution mapping and minimally invasive magnetic imaging with scanning nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry. This enables a sensitivity down to 3 µT Hz-1/2 used to localize ultra-scaled magnetic defects with lateral dimensions below 50 nm. The imaging reveals the presence of magnetic inhomogeneities in correspondence of periodical geometrical modulations/anti-notches in axial magnetized nanowires that are largely undetectable with standard metrology. The features induce local fluctuations of the NWs' magnetization orientation that are sensed by SNVM and compared with magnetic force microscopy. Finally, the strong magnetic field confinement in the nanowires is leveraged to study the interaction between the stray magnetic field and the fluorescence generated by two nitrogen-vacancies contained in the probe sensor, thus clarifying the contrast formation mechanisms.
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BACKGROUND: Anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies (anti-CGRP MAbs) are approved and available treatments for migraine prevention. Patients do not respond alike and many countries have reimbursement policies, which hinder treatments to those who might respond. This study aimed to investigate clinical factors associated with good and excellent response to anti-CGRP MAbs at 6 months. METHODS: European multicentre, prospective, real-world study, including high-frequency episodic or chronic migraine (CM) patients treated since March 2018 with anti-CGRP MAbs. We defined good and excellent responses as ≥50% and ≥75% reduction in monthly headache days (MHD) at 6 months, respectively. Generalised mixed-effect regression models (GLMMs) were used to identify variables independently associated with treatment response. RESULTS: Of the 5818 included patients, 82.3% were females and the median age was 48.0 (40.0-55.0) years. At baseline, the median of MHD was 20.0 (14.0-28.0) days/months and 72.2% had a diagnosis of CM. At 6 months (n=4963), 56.5% (2804/4963) were good responders and 26.7% (1324/4963) were excellent responders. In the GLMM model, older age (1.08 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.15), p=0.016), the presence of unilateral pain (1.39 (95% CI 1.21 to 1.60), p<0.001), the absence of depression (0.840 (95% CI 0.731 to 0.966), p=0.014), less monthly migraine days (0.923 (95% CI 0.862 to 0.989), p=0.023) and lower Migraine Disability Assessment at baseline (0.874 (95% CI 0.819 to 0.932), p<0.001) were predictors of good response (AUC of 0.648 (95% CI 0.616 to 0.680)). These variables were also significant predictors of excellent response (AUC of 0.691 (95% CI 0.651 to 0.731)). Sex was not significant in the GLMM models. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest real-world study of migraine patients treated with anti-CGRP MAbs. It provides evidence that higher migraine frequency and greater disability at baseline reduce the likelihood of responding to anti-CGRP MAbs, informing physicians and policy-makers on the need for an earlier treatment in order to offer the best chance of treatment success.
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This work explores the development and characterization of composite multilayer films comprising bacterial cellulose (BC) and chitosan enriched with antioxidant compounds from grape bagasse extract (GE) and glycerol. SEM images revealed a compact structure with successful interactions between BC and chitosan, confirmed by FT-IR analysis. Equilibrium moisture content, water vapor permeability (WVP), swollen capacity, and solubility were systematically investigated, unveiling the influence of glycerol and GE concentrations. Moisture content increased with elevated glycerol and GE levels, attributed to their hydrophilic nature. WVP rose with higher concentrations of hydrophilic compounds, affecting the films' permeability. Swollen capacity decreased, and solubility increased with the addition of GE and glycerol, indicating a more compact film structure. The incorporation of GE conferred antioxidant properties to the films, as evidenced by DPPH and ABTS+ assays, and Total Phenolic Content (TPC) determination. TPC values varied from 0 to 1.75 mg GAE/g dried film, depending on GE. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) highlighted polymeric associations, and UV-Vis spectra demonstrated enhanced UV-blocking properties. Overall, these multilayer films offer promising applications in food packaging, leveraging natural antioxidant sources for an enhanced functionality.
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Antioxidantes , Celulosa , Quitosano , Permeabilidad , Vitis , Agua , Celulosa/química , Quitosano/química , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Vitis/química , Agua/química , Solubilidad , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Vapor , Embalaje de Alimentos/métodos , Fenoles/químicaRESUMEN
Amid the surge in data volume generated across various fields of knowledge, there is an increasing necessity for advanced analytical methodologies to effectively process and utilize this information. Particularly in the field of animal health, this approach is pivotal for enhancing disease understanding, surveillance, and management. The main objective of the study was to conduct a comprehensive livestock and environmental characterization of Colombian municipalities and examine their relationship with the distribution of vesicular stomatitis (VS). Utilizing satellite imagery to delineate climatic and land use profiles, along with data from the Colombian Agricultural Institute (ICA) concerning animal populations and their movements, the research employed Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to explore the correlation between environmental and livestock-related variables. Additionally, municipalities were grouped through a Hierarchical Clustering process. The assessment of risk associated with VS was carried out using a Generalized Linear Model. This process resulted in the formation of four distinct clusters: three primarily characterized by climatic attributes and one predominantly defined by livestock characteristics. Cluster 1, identified as "Andino" due to its climatic and environmental features, exhibited the highest odds ratio for VS occurrence. The adopted methodology not only provides a deeper understanding of the local population and its context, but also offers valuable insights for enhancing disease surveillance and control programs.
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The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the safety of pre-endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) embolization of aortic side branches - the inferior mesenteric artery and lumbar arteries. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed. A search of MEDLINE and DIMENSION databases identified 9 studies published from 2011 to 2021 that satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These studies were analyzed to detect the incidence of embolization-related complications. A total of 482 patients underwent preoperative aortic side branch embolization, 30 (6.2%) of whom suffered some kind of minor complication. The only major complication observed was ischemic colitis in 4 (0.82%) patients, two (0.41%) of whom died after bowel resection surgery. Regarding these findings, aortic side branch embolization seems to be a safe procedure, with very low percentages of both minor and major complications.
O objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi avaliar a segurança da embolização de artéria mesentérica inferior (AMI) e artérias lombares (ALs) pré-correção endovascular de aneurisma da aorta abdominal. Foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados MEDLINE e Dimensions. Foram encontrados 9 estudos publicados de 2011 a 2021 que atendiam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os estudos foram analisados ââpara definir a incidência de complicações relacionadas à embolização. No total, 482 pacientes foram submetidos a embolização de AMI e/ou ALs, dos quais 30 (6,2%) sofreram algum tipo de complicação menor. A única complicação importante observada foi colite isquêmica em 4 (0,82%) pacientes. Dois (0,41%) desses pacientes morreram após cirurgia de ressecção intestinal. Em relação a esses achados, a embolização de AMI e ALs parece ser um procedimento seguro, com um percentual muito baixo de complicações menores e importantes.
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BACKGROUND: Calcitonin gene-related peptide has shown to play a central role in cluster headache (CH) pathophysiology. A clinical trial with galcanezumab was carried out in chronic cluster headache (CCH) but did not meet its primay endpoint. However, its off-label use in patients with CCH refractory to other therapies could be considered. We aimed to asses the efficacy and safety of galcanezumab as CCH preventive treatment in a real-life setting. METHODS: An observational study was conducted. Patients with CCH who received at least one dose of 240 mg of galcanezumab. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients who tried a mean of 6.3 ± 1.9 preventive therapies, including onabotulinumtoxinA in 90.5%. At baseline, the median of frequency was 60 (37.5-105) monthly attacks with 10 (8.3-10) points in pain intensity (Numerical Rating Scale). After one month, the frequency decreased to 31 (10.5-45) (p = 0.003) with 8.5 (8-9.5) intensity (p = 0.007); 10 (47.6%) patients were 50% responders of whom four (19%) were 75% responders. Of the 15 patients with 3 months of follow-up, seven (46.6%) reduced their frequency by 50% and four (26.6%) by 75%, with 40 (10-60) monthly attacks (p = 0.07) and pain intensity of 8 (5-10) (p = 0.026). Some 52% patients experienced adverse events, mostly mild. CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort of refractory CCH, galcanezumab was effective in almost 50% of patients. This finding supports individual off-label treatment attempts.
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Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados , Cefalalgia Histamínica , Trastornos Migrañosos , Humanos , Cefalalgia Histamínica/tratamiento farmacológico , Cefalalgia Histamínica/inducido químicamente , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/uso terapéutico , Trastornos Migrañosos/tratamiento farmacológico , Estudios Prospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Método Doble CiegoRESUMEN
Abstract The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the safety of pre-endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) embolization of aortic side branches - the inferior mesenteric artery and lumbar arteries. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed. A search of MEDLINE and DIMENSION databases identified 9 studies published from 2011 to 2021 that satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These studies were analyzed to detect the incidence of embolization-related complications. A total of 482 patients underwent preoperative aortic side branch embolization, 30 (6.2%) of whom suffered some kind of minor complication. The only major complication observed was ischemic colitis in 4 (0.82%) patients, two (0.41%) of whom died after bowel resection surgery. Regarding these findings, aortic side branch embolization seems to be a safe procedure, with very low percentages of both minor and major complications.
Resumo O objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi avaliar a segurança da embolização de artéria mesentérica inferior (AMI) e artérias lombares (ALs) pré-correção endovascular de aneurisma da aorta abdominal. Foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados MEDLINE e Dimensions. Foram encontrados 9 estudos publicados de 2011 a 2021 que atendiam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os estudos foram analisados para definir a incidência de complicações relacionadas à embolização. No total, 482 pacientes foram submetidos a embolização de AMI e/ou ALs, dos quais 30 (6,2%) sofreram algum tipo de complicação menor. A única complicação importante observada foi colite isquêmica em 4 (0,82%) pacientes. Dois (0,41%) desses pacientes morreram após cirurgia de ressecção intestinal. Em relação a esses achados, a embolização de AMI e ALs parece ser um procedimento seguro, com um percentual muito baixo de complicações menores e importantes.
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Hyperflexion injury to the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe, referred to as sand toe, can cause significant functional impairment. To our knowledge, there have been no radiological descriptions of this injury in the paediatric age group. Here, we report radiographic, sonographic and MRI findings in a male paediatric patient who sustained a sand toe injury, highlighting structural damage to the dorsomedial capsule and medial sagittal band, and discuss sand toe's favourable prognosis with conservative management.
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Hallux , Articulación Metatarsofalángica , Niño , Humanos , Masculino , Hallux/diagnóstico por imagen , Hallux/lesiones , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Articulación Metatarsofalángica/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación Metatarsofalángica/lesionesRESUMEN
The feasibility of using Garnacha Tintorera bagasse and potato wastes as substrate for the co-production of bacterial cellulose (BC) and gluconic acid by Komagataibacter xylinus fermentation was studied. Firstly, the sulfuric acid hydrolysis of bagasse was evaluated depending on the sulfuric acid concentration (2-4%), temperature (105-125 °C), and time (60-180 min). The bagasse hydrolysates showed a low monosaccharide concentration profile: glucose 3.24-5.40 g/L; cellobiose 0.00-0.48 g/L; arabinose 0.66-1.64 g/L and xylose 3.24-5.40 g/L. However, the hydrolysis treatment enhanced the total phenolic content of the bagasse extract (from 4.39 up to 12.72 mg GAE/g dried bagasse). The monosaccharide profile of the culture medium was improved by the addition of potato residues. From a medium containing bagasse-potato powder (50:50 w/w) and optimal hydrolysate conditions (125 °C for 60 min and 2% H2SO4), the composition of glucose increased up to 30.14 g/L. After 8 days of fermentation in an airlift bioreactor by Komagataibacter xylinus, 4 g dried BC/L and 26.41 g gluconic acid/L were obtained with a BC productivity of 0.021 g/L·h, an efficiency of 0.37 g/g and yield of 0.47 g/g. The productivity of gluconic acid was 0.14 g/L·h with an efficiency of 0.93 g/g and yield of 0.72 g/g. This research demonstrates the promising potential of utilizing waste materials, specifically Garnacha Tintorera bagasse and potato residues, as sustainable substrates for the co-production of valuable bioproducts, such as bacterial cellulose and gluconic acid.
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Chitosan films enriched with aqueous nettle extract (Urtica dioica L.) were evaluated by measuring their solubility, equilibrium moisture, water vapor permeability, spectral and antioxidant properties, and microstructure. Nettle extract showed a significant effect on the analyzed film properties. The addition of nettle extract manifested a sharp decrease in water vapor permeability, decreasing from 5.64 · 10-11 to 2.22 · 10-11 g/m·s·Pa. The chitosan- nettle extract films exhibited a high free-radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). Incorporation of nettle extract into the chitosan matrix was successfully carried out to obtain antioxidant films. The results obtained showed that the incorporation of nettle extract allowed obtaining chitosan films with antioxidant properties, including a total phenolic content up to 1.57 mg GAE/g film. Furthermore, the films with nettle extract boast an UV shielding ability with transmittance values close to zero in the UV region and a water solubility up to 1 %. The inherent biodegradability is also a strong advantage of the developed active films.
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Quitosano , Urtica dioica , Antioxidantes/química , Quitosano/química , Vapor , PermeabilidadRESUMEN
Background: Pyogenic hepatic abscess (PHA) is a collection of pus in the liver caused by bacterial infection of the liver parenchyma. PHA is more common in immunosuppressed individuals and those with diabetes mellitus, cancer, and liver transplant. Case Presentation: We present a rare case of PHA with Fusobacterium nucleatum in an immunocompetent patient with poor oral health, history of diverticulitis, and recent COVID-19 infection whose only symptoms were chest pain and a 4-week history of fever and malaise. The source of infection in this patient was likely dental caries and periodontal disease, with COVID-19 infection playing a role as a red herring in this patient's disease progression, delaying diagnosis. Conclusions: Diagnosis and treatment of PHA must be prompt with drainage and empiric anaerobic coverage followed by a more tailored antibiotic regimen if indicated by culture and further drainage if indicated by computed tomography.
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Bovine brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic contagious disease. According to World Animal Health Information System reports Ecuador has presented an increasing number of bovine brucellosis outbreaks in the continental territory over the past years (756 in 2018 versus 964 in 2021), generating economic losses for producers and causing a risk to public health. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis and associated risk or protective factors between May and June 2018. This stratified random study was implemented in 290 cattle herds located in the 23 provinces of continental Ecuador, which represents a total of 3737 cows aged 24 months or older. A competitive ELISA was used to detect Brucella antibodies. Simultaneously, an epidemiological survey was implemented to assess the brucellosis risk or protective factors. The apparent prevalence of bovine brucellosis at the herd level was 21.3% (95% CI: 16.8-26.6) and 6.2% (95% CI: 5.5-7) at the animal level. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between the potential factors associated with the presence of bovine brucellosis. The risk factors identified after multivariate analysis were a surface in ha per herd > 70 ha (OR = 2.73; 95% CI: 1.18-6.32) and the number of parturitions per animal (two or more with OR ≥ 1.8 and p-value ≤ 0.047). On the contrary, the protective factors were the region (farms located in the eastern region) and the absence of reported clinical signs. In addition, in herds where extensive production predominates, farmers have a low level of knowledge, and the farm biosecurity level is low. These results can guide the authorities in managing the risk factors identified, understanding the current epidemiological situation in Ecuador, improving the bovine brucellosis control program and food safety, as well as increase the one-health approach.
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Inferior vena cava agenesis is a rare condition and is often misdiagnosed. This anomaly is asymptomatic in the majority of cases and is usually diagnosed during imaging tests carried out for other purposes. The most frequent manifestation is deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in lower limbs and anticoagulation therapy is the most frequent treatment option. Other techniques such as thrombolysis and venous bypass are also described. We report two cases diagnosed at our institution during the last year, both of which presented with an episode of DVT. We opted for indefinite anticoagulation therapy and both patients remain asymptomatic, after 1 year of surveillance in the first case and 6 months in the second, with no new episodes of DVT. Although it is not a life-threatening anomaly, it is important to make an appropriate diagnosis and provide treatment to improve the symptoms and quality of life of these patients.
A agenesia da veia cava inferior é uma condição rara e, muitas vezes, mal diagnosticada. Essa anomalia é, na maioria dos casos, assintomática, sendo geralmente diagnosticada durante exames de imagem realizados com outras finalidades. A manifestação mais comum é trombose venosa profunda (TVP) em membros inferiores, e a terapia anticoagulante é a opção de tratamento mais frequente, embora outras técnicas, como trombólise e derivações venosas, também tenham sido descritas. Relatamos dois casos diagnosticados na nossa Instituição no último ano, ambos com episódio de TVP. O tratamento consistiu em anticoagulação por tempo indeterminado e, após 1 ano de acompanhamento no primeiro caso e 6 meses no segundo, ambos os pacientes permanecem assintomáticos, sem novos episódios de TVP. Embora não seja uma anomalia com risco de vida, é importante realizar diagnóstico e tratamento adequados para melhorar os sintomas e a qualidade de vida desses pacientes.
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Our work group designed and synthesized a promissory compound N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide (HO-AAVPA). The HO-AAVPA is a HDAC1 inhibitor and antiproliferative in cancer cell lines. However, HO-AAVPA is poor water solubility and enzymatically metabolized. In this work, the fourth-generation poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM-G4) was used as a drug deliver carrier of HO-AAVPA. Moreover, HO-AAVPA and HO-AAVPA-PAMAM complex were submitted to forced degradation studies (heat, acid, base, oxidation and sunlight). Also, the HO-AAVPA-PAMAM-G4 complex was assayed as antiproliferative in a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). The HO-AAVPA-PAMAM-G4 complex was obtained by docking and experimentally using three pH conditions: acid (pH = 3.0), neutral (pH = 7.0) and basic (pH = 9.0) showing that PAMAM-G4 captureand protect the HO-AAVPA from forced degradation, it is due to sunlight yielded a by-product from HO-AAVPA. In addition, the PAMAM-G4 favored the HO-AAVPA water solubility under basic and neutral pH conditions with significant difference (F(2,18) = 259.9, p < 0.001) between the slopes of the three conditions being the basic condition which solubilizes the greatest amount of HO-AAVPA. Finally, the HO-AAVPA-PAMAM-G4 complex showed better antiproliferative effects on MCF-7 (IC50 = 75.3 µM) than HO-AAVPA (IC50 = 192 µM). These results evidence that PAMAM-G4 complex improve the biological effects of HO-AAVPA.
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Dendrímeros , Humanos , Dendrímeros/farmacología , Células MCF-7 , AguaRESUMEN
Amorphous microwires have attracted substantial attention in the past decade because of their useful technological applications. Their bistable magnetic response is determined by positive or negative magnetostriction, respectively. First-order reversal curves (FORC) are a powerful tool for analyzing the magnetization reversal processes of many-body ferromagnetic systems that are essential for a deeper understanding of those applications. After theoretical considerations about magnetostatic interactions among microwires, this work introduces a systematic experimental study and analysis of the FORC diagrams for magnetostrictive microwires exhibiting an individually bistable hysteresis loop, from a single microwire to sets of an increasing number of coupled microwires, the latter considered as an intermediate case to the standard many-body problem. We performed the study for sets of quasi-identical and different hysteretic microwires where we obtained the coercivity Hc and interaction Hu fields. In the cases with relevant magnetostatic interactions, FORC analysis supplies deeper information than standard hysteresis loops since the intrinsic fluctuations of the switching field generate a complex response. For sets of microwires with very different coercivity, the coercivity distributions of the individual microwires characterize the FORC diagram.
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Petroleum-based polymers are used in a multitude of products in the commercial world, but their high degree of contamination and non-biodegradability make them unattractive. The development and use of polymers derived from nature offer a solution to achieve an environmentally friendly and green alternative and reduce waste derived from plastics. This review focuses on showing an overview of the most widespread production methods for the main biopolymers. The parameters affecting the development of the technique, the most suitable biopolymers, and the main applications are included. The most studied biopolymers are those derived from polysaccharides and proteins. These biopolymers are subjected to production methods that improve their properties and modify their chemical structure. Process factors such as temperature, humidity, solvents used, or processing time must be considered. Among the most studied production techniques are solvent casting, coating, electrospinning, 3D printing, compression molding, and graft copolymerization. After undergoing these production techniques, biopolymers are applied in many fields such as biomedicine, pharmaceuticals, food packaging, scaffold engineering, and others.
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BACKGROUND: The incidence of pressure ulcers is an indicator of quality in intensive care units. Due to their frequency and severity, they are identified as a problem of great importance, where the well-being of patients and relatives is compromised, also generating a high healthcare cost. Nurses are primarily responsible for the care of pressure ulcers, however, the existing literature exposes a clear lack of knowledge regarding its prevention and treatment. OBJECTIVES: To explore the attitudes, knowledge and perceived barriers by intensive care nurses regarding pressure ulcers treatment and prevention in a critical care setting. DESIGN: A descriptive qualitative study has been carried out through semi-structured interviews with 22 intensive care nurses from two tertiary university hospitals in Spain. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) guidelines were used to reinforce the methodological approach of the study. FINDINGS: From the collected data, 4 main themes emerged: "lack of specific knowledge about pressure ulcers in intensive care", "continuity of care: the main problem to solve", "teamwork and pressure ulcers: gasping for improvement" and "Skin care as another vital sign". CONCLUSION: Most intensive care nurses consider that they do not have sufficient knowledge regarding pressure ulcers. The nurses' attitudes are positive, however, an ineffective transmission of information and registration regarding ulcers is perceived. Regarding the treatment of pressure ulcers, the lack of continuity of care and updated knowledge/training have been the main barriers. In terms of prevention, the most mentioned barriers have been the clinical condition of the patient and the lack of personnel, despite the level of knowledge.
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Enfermeras y Enfermeros , Úlcera por Presión , Humanos , Úlcera por Presión/prevención & control , España , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Investigación CualitativaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Sargassum is a marine organism that, under specific conditions, drastically increases its population damaging the environment and risking other organisms. However, sargassum could represent a source of bioactive compounds to treat different diseases such as cancer. Thus, aqueous, ethanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts of sargassum from Playa del Carmen, Mexico, were subjected to metabolomic and antiproliferative assays in breast cancer cells. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biological effect of different extracts of sargassum, its toxicity over Artemia salina and its antiproliferative effect tested in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and NIH3T3 cell lines. Finally, using UHPLC-MS/MS to identify the metabolites in each extract to correlate them with its antiproliferative effect. METHODS: The sargassum sample collection was carried out in September at three different points in Playa del Carmen, Quintana Roo, Mexico. The aqueous, ethanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts of Mexican sargassum were obtained by evaporation of solvent and lyophilization. Then, these extracts were evaluated in the cytotoxicity bioassay of Artemia salina. Next, its antiproliferative effect was assessed in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and NIH3T3 cell lines. Using UHPLC-MS/MS, the metabolites present in each extract were identified. Finally, docking studies on sphingosine kinase 1 (PDB ID: 3VZB) of sphingosine were carried out. RESULTS: The extracts from sargassum showed a greater effect in the antiproliferative assays in cells than in cytotoxic assays in Artemia salina. The ethanolic extract obtained from sargassum showed the best antiproliferative activity in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Despite its antiproliferative effect on NIH3T3 cells, an additional extract is required indicating that this extract has compounds that could have a better effect on cancer cells in fibroblast (NIH3T3). The UHPLC-MS/MS of ethanolic and the ethyl acetate extract showed that these extracts have compounds such as sphinganine C16, N, N-Dimethylsphingosine compound, and that it could be possible that the effect observed is due to their metabolites which could be ligands for the sphingosine kinase 1 as demonstrated by docking studies. CONCLUSION: The ethanolic extract obtained from sargassum has better antiproliferative activity, despite not having a cytotoxic effect in Artemia salina. The antiproliferative effect could be related to the sphinganine C16, N,NDimethylphingosine identified with more abundance by UHPLC-MS/MS. In addition, these metabolites could be targets of sphingosine kinase 1.
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Antineoplásicos , Neoplasias de la Mama , Sargassum , Animales , Ratones , Humanos , Femenino , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , México , Células 3T3 NIH , Etanol , Antineoplásicos/farmacologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Type 2 endoleaks (T2E) continue to be the "Achilles Heel" of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). The aim of this study is to analyze preoperative factors of patients who underwent EVAR to define risk factors for T2E. METHODS: From January 2015 to June 2020, 140 of 191 patients who underwent EVAR in our institution meet inclusion criteria for this study. Postoperative image control were performed using duplex ultrasound or CT scan. All T2E detected during follow-up were confirmed by angio CT. Preoperative anatomic and clinical variables were analyzed for T2E using t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher exact test. ROC curves and the corresponding area under the curve (AUC) were used to describe the predictive accuracy for endoleak. RESULTS: T2E was detected in 16 patients (11.43%)0.12 of them (75%) were persistent and 10 (62.5%) provoked sac enlargement. Predictive factors for T2E were a greater IMA diameter (2.5 ± 0.5 vs. 3.3 ± 0.5, p < 0.001) and an increasing number of LA (4.8 ± 1.6 vs. 6.7 ± 1.4, p < 0.001). ROC curve analysis stablished thresholds of 3.5 mm for IMA diameter (sensitivity 77%, specificity 86%) and 5.5 for patent LA (sensitivity 88%, specificity 59%) as risk factor to develop T2E. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative aortic side branches embolization to avoid T2E is not still standarised. We tried to define a group of high-risk patients for T2E. According to our findings, patients with a preoperative IMA> 3 mm and more than 5 patent LA should be considered for pre-EVAR embolization.
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Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular , Procedimientos Endovasculares , Humanos , Endofuga/diagnóstico por imagen , Endofuga/etiología , Endofuga/cirugía , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/cirugía , Resultado del Tratamiento , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
The aim of this work was to develop a quick and cheap method for fraud detection in egg labels according to the four legal farming method of the EU. The plasma obtained from egg centrifugation was investigated for this purpose. Initial protein content in egg, plasma protein content, plasma colour parameters (L*, a* and b*) and plasma UV-VIS-NIR (Ultraviolet-Visible-Near-infrared) spectra were evaluated. The classification algorithms applied were SVM (Support-Vector-Machine), LDA (Linear-Discriminant-Analysis) and QDA (Quadratic-Discriminant-Analysis). The analysis of the protein content did not detect differences. Colour parameters and spectral measurements showed significant differences between eggs. Spectra analysis with QDA gave sensitivity of 100% in the calibration set. The validation set scored 87.5% sensitivity and 94.07% specificity using the visible spectra. This work established plasma spectral measurements combined with classification algorithms as a powerful tool to discriminate the four farming systems. This work presents a fast tool for the egg label control.