Psectrascelis senex sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), a new species from the southern Atacama Desert, Chile.

Psectrascelis Solier, 1836 is the most specious South American genus of Nycteliini, which inhabit arid and semiarid regions. Recent expeditions to the southern part of the Atacama Desert collected specimens of Psectrascelis which do not fit with any other described species belonging to this genus. These specimens are morphologically close to P. penai Kulzer, 1955 but the presence of carinae on the elytra easily differentiates this taxon from this mentioned above. Here, we analyzed external morphology, both male and female genitalia, and sequences from a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene with that of morphologically close species. Our study supports the description of Psectrascelis senex sp. nov. and suggests that P. senex sp. nov. is the sister species of P. penai.

Alien Invasion: The Case of the Western Conifer-Seed Bug (Heteroptera: Coreidae) in Chile, Overreaction, and Misidentifications.

Leptoglossus occidentalis (Heidemann) is an invasive species introduced in Europe, Asia, and most recently South America. In the present study, we report the overreaction situation caused by this bug in Chile, as it has been confused with kissing bugs (Reduviidae: Triatominae), Chagas' disease vectors. During 2018 and first months of 2019, we received 74 alleged cases of kissing bugs to confirm identification. From these, a total of 63 were identified as L. occidentalis, representing a 85% of the total denounces. Additionally, the first bite case in a human is described. The situation caused by L. occidentalis in Chile is discussed, and an illustrated table is provided to correctly identify this species and tell it apart from Triatomines. It is concluded that L. occidentalis is well established in Chile, and it is necessary to educate the population on recognition of the bug and to avoid overreaction as the species can inflict painful bites, but not transmit any disease.

Importancia del recuento de eosinófilos en secreciones respiratorias de lactantes con síndrome bronquial obstructivo recurrente / Usefulness of the eosinophil recount in respiratory secretions in bronchial obstructive syndrome of infants

El aumento de eosinófilos en secreciones del tracto respiratorio se ha relacionado con formas clínicas más severas del síndrome bronquial obstructivo recurrente (SBOR). Hemos comparado 200 lactantes menores de dos años con esta enfermedad; 100 con eosinófilos nasales o bronquiales positivos en proporción igual o mayor a a 10%, y 100 con eosinófilos negativos. El grupo de niños con recuento de eosinófilos positivos tuvieron un promedio mayor de hospitalizaciones (p<0.02), mayor número de crisis bronquiales obstructivas (p<0.005) y mayor severidad de la enfermedad (p<0.003), en comparación con el grupo de lactantes con eosinófilos negativos. - Estos resultados sugieren que el recuento de eosinófilos igual o mayor a 10% en secreciones respiratorias es un examen útil para identificar a un grupo de lactantes con SBOR de evolución más severa, haciendo recomendable la implementación de planes especiales de atención, tratamiento y control de este grupo de alto riesgo