RESUMEN
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) serotype O169:H41 has been an extremely destructive epidemic ETEC type worldwide. The strain harbors a large unstable plasmid that is regarded as responsible for its virulence, although its etiology has remained unknown. To examine its genetic background specifically on the unstable retention and responsibility in the unique adherence to epithelial cells and enterotoxin production, the complete sequence of a plasmid, pEntYN10, purified from the serotype strain was determined. The length is 145,082 bp; its GC content is 46.15%. It contains 182 CDSs, which include 3 colonization factors (CFs), an enterotoxin, and large number of insertion sequences. The repertory of plasmid stability genes was extraordinarily scant. Uniquely, results showed that 3 CFs, CS6, CS8 (CFA/III)-like, and K88 (F4)-like were encoded redundantly in the plasmid with unique variations among previously known subtypes. These three CFs preserved their respective gene structures similarly to those of other ETEC strains reported previously with unique sequence variations respectively. It is particularly interesting that the K88-like gene cluster of pEntYN10 had 2 paralogous copies of faeG, which encodes the major component of fimbrial structure. It remains to be verified how the unique variations found in the CFs respectively affect the affinity to infected cells, host range, and virulence of the ETEC strain.
Asunto(s)
Escherichia coli Enterotoxigénica/genética , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , Plásmidos/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Bovinos , Elementos Transponibles de ADN , Escherichia coli Enterotoxigénica/metabolismo , Escherichia coli Enterotoxigénica/patogenicidad , Enterotoxinas/biosíntesis , Enterotoxinas/genética , Células Epiteliales/microbiología , Células Epiteliales/patología , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/microbiología , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/biosíntesis , Proteínas Fimbrias/genética , Fimbrias Bacterianas/genética , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Familia de Multigenes , Filogenia , Plásmidos/aislamiento & purificación , Alineación de Secuencia , Virulencia/genéticaRESUMEN
For exhaustive detection of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, we previously developed a colony-hybridization method using hydrophobic grid-membrane filters in combination with multiplex real-time PCR. To assess the role of domestic animals as the source of atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (aEPEC), a total of 679 samples (333 from foods, fecal samples from 227 domestic animals, and 119 from healthy people) were examined. Combining 48 strains previously isolated from patients and carriers, 159 aEPEC strains were classified by phylogroup, virulence profile, and intimin typing. Phylogroup B1 was significantly more prevalent among aEPEC from patients (50%) and bovine samples (79%) than from healthy carriers (16%) and swine strains (23%), respectively. Intimin type ß1 was predominant in phylogroup B1; B1-ß1 strains comprised 26% of bovine strains and 25% of patient strains. The virulence profile groups Ia and Ib were also observed more frequently among bovine strains than among porcine strains. Similarly, virulence group Ia was detected more frequently among patient strains than strains of healthy carriers. A total of 85 strains belonged to virulence group I, and 63 of these strains (74%) belonged to phylogroup B1. The present study suggests that the etiologically important aEPEC in diarrheal patients could be distinguished from aEPEC strains indigenous to humans based on type, such as B1, Ia, and ß1/γ1, which are shared with bovine strains, while the aEPEC strains in healthy humans are different, and some of these were also present in porcine samples.
