RESUMEN
Majorana zero modes (MZMs) are emergent zero-energy topological quasiparticles that are their own antiparticles1,2. Detected MZMs are spatially separated and electrically neutral, so producing hybridization between MZMs is extremely challenging in superconductors3,4. Here, we report the magnetic field response of vortex bound states in superconducting topological crystalline insulator SnTe (001) films. Several MZMs were predicted to coexist in a single vortex due to magnetic mirror symmetry. Using a scanning tunnelling microscope equipped with a three-axis vector magnet, we found that the zero-bias peak (ZBP) in a single vortex exhibits an apparent anisotropic response even though the magnetic field is weak. The ZBP can robustly extend a long distance of up to approximately 100 nm at the (001) surface when the magnetic field is parallel to the ( 1 1 ¯ 0 )-type mirror plane, otherwise it displays an asymmetric splitting. Our systematic simulations demonstrate that the anisotropic response cannot be reproduced with trivial ZBPs. Although the different MZMs cannot be directly distinguished due to the limited energy resolution in our experiments, our comparisons between experimental measurements and theoretical simulations strongly support the existence and hybridization of symmetry-protected multiple MZMs. Our work demonstrates a way to hybridize different MZMs by controlling the orientation of the magnetic field and expands the types of MZM available for tuning topological states.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of environmental factors and microRNAs (miRNAs) (miR-126, miR-143, and miR-145) on the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: A frequency-matched case-control study (450 patients, 450 controls) was conducted from April 2014 to December 2016 in Fuzhou City, China. Environmental factors were investigated using a self-administered questionnaire, and the expression levels of miR-126, miR-143, and miR-145 were determined by quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Unconditional logistic regression models were used for statistical evaluation. RESULTS: Alcohol consumption, high-salt diets, high-intensity work, and lack of physical activity were significantly associated with increased CHD risk, whereas light diet was significantly associated with decreased risk. MiR-126, miR-143, and miR-145 were highly expressed in the CHD group compared with the control group. After adjustment for other environmental factors, unconditional logistic regression results revealed that miR-126, miR-143, and depression were the independent risk factors of CHD, and light diet was the independent protective factor of CHD. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that a family history of CHD, anxiety, and alcohol consumption was significantly associated with increased CHD risk, whereas light diet was significantly associated with decreased risk. Furthermore, miR-126 and miR-143 in combination with several risk factors, could play a joint role in the development of CHD. Therefore, it is necessary to manage patients with CHD in all directions and multiple level.
