CAV1 rs7804372 (T29107A) polymorphism might be a potential risk for digestive cancers: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis.

BACKGROUND: Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is an essential structural component of caveolae, regulates cellular processes through complex cellular signaling pathways, and influences tumorigenicity. However, the role of the CAV1 (rs7804372) polymorphism in digestive cancers remains inconclusive. The meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of CAV1 polymorphism on digestive cancer susceptibility and to provide a basis for precise treatment. METHODS: The databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar and CNKI were used to retrieve the published studies on CAV1 (rs7804372) polymorphism and susceptibility to digestive cancers up to June 2020. Two researchers conducted study screening, data extraction, and methodological quality evaluation separately according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Review Manager 5.3 software was used to conduct the meta-analysis. RESULTS: Six case-control studies were enrolled, including 2477 patients with digestive cancers and 2477 healthy controls. The pooled results showed that the CAV1 rs7804372 (T29107A) polymorphism increased the risk of digestive cancer occurrence in the allele (T vs. A: odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15-1.53, P < .01), homozygous (TT vs. AA: OR 1.72, 95% CI: 1.31-2.26, P < .01), heterozygous (TA vs. AA: OR 1.47, 95% CI: 1.21-1.78, P < .01), dominant (TT vs. TA + AA: OR 1.32, 95% CI: 1.18-1.48, P < .01), and recessive comparing models (TT + TA vs. AA: OR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.26-2.07, P < .01). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the CAV1 (rs7804372) polymorphism may modify the occurrence of digestive cancers, and the presence of T allele or TT genotype of the CAV1 (rs7804372) may increase the risk of digestive cancers.

Decreased cellulose-degrading enzyme activity causes pod hardening of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench).

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) is an important tropical and subtropical crop species, but okra pods age rapidly after they meet harvest standards. The underlying mechanisms by which okra pods harden are unclear. In this study, we determined the cellulose and lignin contents of 'Chaowuxing' okra pods from 4 to 14 days postanthesis (DPA). Based on the histochemical staining of okra fruit during the active period of cellulose accumulation, we found that the hardening of okra fruit is due to the rapid accumulation of cellulose in the cell walls of vascular cells in the pulp. We used RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) analyses to investigate the genes that regulate okra fruit aging. Transcriptome sequencing data showed that after 7 DPA, expression of the cellulose synthase gene (CesA) decreased with time. In addition, expression of the gene encoding the first functional enzyme involved in cellulose hydrolysis (endoglucanase) also decreased, but its rate of decrease was much faster than that of the CesA. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results were consistent with the RNA-Seq data. Accordingly, we speculate that the accumulation of cellulose during okra pod hardening occurs via a reduction in cellulose hydrolysis activity. The above results suggest that thickening of the cell wall caused by a significant increase in cellulose content in the vascular bundles causes okra hardening. The accumulation of cellulose is not directly achieved via increased expression of CesA but rather indirectly via decreased hydrolysis of cellulose.

The methods of preoperative biliary drainage for resectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical outcomes of endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD) with those of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) in patients with resectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) and evaluate the effect of EBD and PTBD on tumor prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for articles about the comparison between PTBD and EBD. Data were analyzed by Revman 5.3. RESULTS: PTBD showed a lower risk of drainage-related complications than EBD (OR, 2.73; 95%CI, 1.52-4.91; P < .05). PTBD was also associated with lower risk of pancreatitis (OR, 8.47; 95%CI, 2.28-31.45; P < .05). The differences in preoperative cholangitis, R0 resection, blood loss and recurrence showed no statistically significance between EBD and PTBD (all P > .05). Several literatures have reported the tumor implantation metastasis after PTBD. Since no well-designed prospective randomized controlled studies have explored in this depth, this article is unable to draw conclusions on this aspect. CONCLUSION: PTBD is a reasonable choice for PBD, and EBD should only be used as preoperative drainage for HCCA by more experienced physicians. There is a greater need to design prospective randomized controlled studies to obtain high-level evidence-based medicinal proof. It is worth noting that, whether EBD or PTBD, accurate selective biliary drainage should be the trend.