Analysis of the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of osteoporosis in patients with essential hypertension.

BACKGROUND: The present study investigated the prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) among patients with essential hypertension (EH) in the Changchun community and analysed the correlation between EH and OP. METHODS: The study included 425 subjects with EH and 425 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Bone mineral density (BMD) and serum creatinine (CR) levels were measured, and the subjects' current EH and OP statuses were surveyed to analyse the correlation between EH and OP. RESULTS: The EH group exhibited lower BMD and a higher rate of having OP than the control group, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). A significant sex difference in the BMD T-score was observed among the subjects (male: - 1.19 ± 1.55, female: - 1.70 ± 1.34). In both the EH group and the control group, the rate of having OP in females was greater than that in males. However, the OP prevalence among subjects with EH varied significantly by age, body weight, fracture history, nocturnal urination frequency, depression and anxiety status, duration of hypertension, and antihypertensive medication use (p < 0.05). Two-way analysis of variance suggested an effect of the interaction between different EH statuses and bone mass conditions on the serum CR values (F = 3.584, p = 0.028, bias η2 = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of OP and low BMD were significantly higher among subjects with EH than among healthy controls. Additionally, the findings indicate that age, weight, fracture history, nocturnal urination frequency, depression and anxiety, duration of hypertension and antihypertensive drug use may be correlated to having OP in EH subjects, requiring further studies. Moreover, serum CR levels in subjects with different bone mass profiles were strongly influenced by the presence or absence of EH, and the serum CR levels differed significantly with the interaction of these two factors.

Comparison of the Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert and Dinoprostone Tablet for the Induction of Labor in Primipara: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

This retrospective study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of Prostin E2 and Propess for the induction of labor (IOL) in nulliparous women between January 2018 and October 2021. The inclusion criteria were nulliparous, singleton, >37 weeks' gestation, cephalic presentation with an unfavorable cervix (Bishop score ≤ 6), no signs of labor, and use of one form of dinoprostone (Prostin E2 or Propess) for IOL. The cesarean section (C/S) rate and induction-to-birth interval were the main outcome measures. In total, 120 women were recruited. Sixty (50%) patients received Propess and 60 (50%) received repeated doses of Prostin E2. The Prostin E2 and Propess groups had similar patient characteristics, but the Bishop score was significantly higher in the Propess group than in the Prostin E2 group; therefore, multivariate analysis was conducted, and the Bishop score was not associated with the induction-to-birth interval. The C/S rate was not significantly different between the two groups, but the Propess group achieved a shorter induction-to-birth interval, a higher rate of vaginal delivery in 24 h, and a lower number of vaginal examinations than the Prostin E2 group. Propess was effective and safe in IOL and could be an option for cervical ripening in nulliparous pregnancy.

Iatrogenic Parasitic Myoma with Two Recurrence Times after Subsequent Myomectomy: A Rare and Complicated Case Report.

Increasing number of parasitic myoma (PM) cases due to specimen morcellation during minimally invasive surgery have been reported. The patient was a 46-year-old woman receiving laparoscopic subtotal hysterectomy due to fibroids. She was diagnosed as having PM and had two recurrences after subsequent myomectomies. To prevent recurrence, specimen-contained morcellation was performed during the myomectomies and postoperative ulipristal acetate was given, but with no effects. The interval between each recurrence decreased. Progressive lower abdominal pain and prominent vessels on the myoma were the two distinct clinical characteristics that differentiated PM from general myoma. This case study highlights the importance of specimen containment before morcellation in minimally invasive surgery and implies that the pathogenesis of PM recurrence is unknown.

Safety and efficacy of contained manual morcellation during laparoscopic or robotic gynecological surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of contained manual morcellation (CMM) with a tissue pouch during minimally invasive robotic or laparoscopic surgeries. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study included women who underwent robotic or laparoendoscopic single-site surgery at a tertiary referral center between February 2014 and April 2017. The specimen was postoperatively contained, sliced into one or more long strips, and then pulled out. The surgical type, specimen containment time, containment failure rate, specimen weight, manual morcellation time, and overall CMM speed (g/min) were recorded. Surgical complications related (bowel or bladder injury, ureteral injury, vascular injuries, and tumor dissemination) or not related (delayed wound healing, infection, and hernia) to CMM were also documented. The patients were followed up for 2 years. RESULTS: A total of 165 cases were recorded, comprising 149 cases that underwent laparoscopic and 16 that underwent robotic gynecological surgeries. The average time for specimen containment and manual morcellation in CMM was 6.7 ± 5.0 and 13.2 ± 11.2 min, respectively. The mean morcellation speed was 25.1 ± 8.5 g/min. Among the specimens, those of the uterus with adenomyosis had the lowest CMM speed (21.4 ± 8.0 g/min), whereas those of the uterus with myoma had the highest speed (27.5 ± 8.9 g/min). The pouch perforation rate after CMM was 13.3% and no pouch-related complication was noted. CONCLUSION: CMM is an efficient method for specimen removal.

Trends of Opportunistic Salpingectomy.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed the trends of opportunistic salpingectomy (OS) accompanied by hysterectomy in a 9-year follow-up period at a single institute. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 1184 women at Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital from 2007 to 2015 who underwent hysterectomy performed with or without OS. Parameters including patient age, operating time, surgical approach, length of hospital stay, and perioperative complications were evaluated. RESULTS: There was an increase in the number of hysterectomies with OS (from 8% to 80%; P < .001) over the study period. Minimal additional operating time was necessary for hysterectomy with OS (3.7 and 3.6 minutes in open and laparoscopic surgery, respectively). No significant differences were observed in the risks of hospital readmission or blood transfusions between women who underwent hysterectomy with OS performed with the open approach and those who underwent the procedure using the laparoscopic approach. From 2007 to 2015, the proportion of open hysterectomies decreased from 56% to 6%. CONCLUSION: The results of this 9-year follow-up study revealed that, as a cancer prevention method, OS seems to be feasible and safe, requires minimal extra time, and does not increase the morbidity or long-term sequelae.

High success rate and considerable adverse events of pelvic prolapse surgery with Prolift: a single center experience.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyze short-term outcomes of pelvic prolapse surgery using Prolift transvaginal mesh in a teaching hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-four patients who received prolapse surgery with Prolift were followed up for 7-26 months. Assessment included pre- and postoperative Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) stage, and Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI)-6, and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ)-7 scores. Surgical characteristics and adverse events during follow-up were also recorded. RESULTS: Objective and subjective data were available for 29 patients. The overall anatomical success rate was 96.5 % (28/29) after a mean of 18 ± 6.3 months follow-up. The POP-Q, UDI, and IIQ all improved significantly after surgery. Uterine sparing prolapsed surgery with Prolift unexpectedly yielded a cure rate of 100%. Ten adverse events occurred during and after prolapse surgery with dyspareunia (3/34) as the most common, followed by bladder injury (2/34). CONCLUSIONS: Prolapse surgery with Prolift yielded a good anatomical outcome and satisfactory symptom improvement at different periods of follow-up, especially in uterus-sparing prolapse surgery. However, adverse events were not uncommon, and patients should be fully informed of all possible adverse events prior to surgery.

Parathyroid adenoma with hypertensive crisis and intracerebral hemorrhage mimicking hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Hyperparathyroidism is seldom encountered during pregnancy. Moreover, when the disease does occur, it is typically masked until late pregnancy or after delivery. CASE: A previously healthy multiparous woman presented with sudden-onset severe preeclampsia with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets syndrome at 37 weeks of gestation. Acute intracerebral hemorrhage and disseminated intravascular coagulapathy developed 24 hours after cesarean delivery and persisted after craniotomy. Hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism were noted, and imaging studies revealed parathyroid tumor. The patient recovered from severe preeclampsia after resection of a hemorrhagic parathyroid adenoma and was fully rehabilitated after 3 months. CONCLUSION: This patient exhibited a concealed hyperparathyroidism with acute hypertensive crisis, probably attributable to hemorrhagic parathyroid adenoma. The presentation mimics acute late-onset preeclampsia and requires vigilant diagnosis followed by surgery.

Laparoscopic management of tubal ectopic pregnancy.

OBJECTIVES: To study the surgical morbidity associated with laparoscopic management of tubal ectopic pregnancy compared with that of open laparotomy. METHODS: A retrospective study in an academic tertiary obstetrics and gynecology referral center was conducted from 2005 through 2007. Forty-nine patients who had pathology-confirmed tubal ectopic pregnancies were divided into 2 groups, laparoscopy (n=38) and laparotomy (n=11). The main outcome measures included operative time, blood loss, and complications. RESULTS: No significant differences existed in gestational age, beta-hCG level, history of previous surgeries, pelvic inflammatory disease, or endometriosis. The laparotomy group included more patients with a history of previous ectopic pregnancy. The length of hospital stay following laparoscopic management was significantly less than that in the laparotomy group. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic management of ectopic pregnancy can be the most beneficial procedure with maximum safety and efficacy.

Detection and typing of minimal human papillomavirus DNA in plasma.

OBJECTIVE: For clinical study of minute human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA such as those in plasma, a sensitive method that can detect a broad spectrum of HPV type is needed. METHOD: A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method which utilized a consensus primer set nested to the widely utilized MY09/MY11 primer set was developed. The HPV genotype was determined by restriction digestion of the PCR product followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. DNA purified from cancer tissue, plasma and WBC of 17 patients of stage 1 or 2 squamous carcinoma of uterine cervix were examined. RESULTS: This method readily detects a broad spectrum of at least ten genital types of HPV with a sensitivity of one viral copy. HPV DNA was detectable in all cervical cancer tissues and in 11 (65%) of the corresponding plasma, from which the genotype was successfully determined in 9 cases, all identical to that of primary cancer tissue. CONCLUSION: The high sensitivity and accuracy of this method has allowed detection of HPV in specimens of minimal viral load, such as in plasma in peripheral circulation of cervical cancer patients.